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GMAT考试最新逻辑推理模拟试题
GMAT考试最新逻辑推理模拟试题
1.Afterthenationalspeedlimitof55milesperhourwasimposedin1974,thenumberofdeathspermiledrivenonahighwayfellabruptlyasaresult.Sincethen,however,theaveragespeedofvehiclesonhighwayshasrisen,butthenumberofdeathspermiledrivenonahighwayhascontinuedtofall.Whichofthefollowingconclusionscanbeproperlydrawnfromthestatementsabove?
(A)Thespeedlimitaloneisprobablynotresponsibleforthecontinuedreductioninhighwaydeathsintheyearsafter1974.
(B)Peoplehavebeendrivinglesssince1974.
(C)Driver-educationcourseshavebeenmoreeffectivesince1974inteachingdriverstodrivesafely.
(D)Inrecentyearshighwaypatrolshavebeenlesseffectiveincatchingdriverswhospeed.
(E)Thechangeinthespeedlimitcannotberesponsiblefortheabruptdeclineinhighwaydeathsin1974.
2.Neighboringlandholders:
Airpollutionfromthegiantaluminumrefinerythathasbeenbuiltnexttoourlandiskillingourplants.Companyspokesperson:
Therefineryisnottoblame,sinceourstudyshowsthatthedamageisduetoinsectsandfungi.Whichofthefollowing,iftrue,mostseriouslyweakenstheconclusiondrawnbythecompanyspokesperson?
(A)Thestudydidnotmeasurethequantityofpollutantsemittedintothesurroundingairbythealuminumrefinery.
(B)Theneighboringlandholdershavemadenochangeinthewaytheytakecareoftheirplants.
(C)Airpollutionfromtherefineryhaschangedthechemicalbalanceintheplants’environment,allowingtheharmfulinsectsandfungitothrive.
(D)Pollutantsthatareinvisibleandodorlessareemittedintothesurroundingairbytherefinery.
(E)Thevariousspeciesofinsectsandfungimentionedinthestudyhavebeenoccasionallyfoundinthelocalityduringthepasthundredyears.
3.Salestaxestendtoberegressive,affectingpoorpeoplemoreseverelythanwealthypeople.Whenallpurchasesofconsumergoodsaretaxedatafixedpercentageofthepurchaseprice,poorpeoplepayalargerproportionoftheirincomeinsalestaxesthanwealthypeopledo.Itcanbecorrectlyinferredonthebasisofthestatementsabovethatwhichofthefollowingistrue?
(A)Poorpeopleconstitutealargerproportionofthetaxpayingpopulationthanwealthypeopledo.
(B)Poorpeoplespendalargerproportionoftheirincomeonpurchasesofconsumergoodsthanwealthypeopledo.
(C)Wealthypeoplepay,onaverage,alargeramountofsalestaxesthanpoorpeopledo.
(D)Thetotalamountspentbyallpoorpeopleonpurchasesofconsumergoodsexceedsthetotalamountspentbyallwealthypeopleonconsumergoods.
(E)Theaveragepurchasepriceofconsumergoodsboughtbywealthypeopleishigherthanthatofconsumergoodsboughtbypoorpeople.
4.Reviewinghistoricaldata,medicalresearchersinCaliforniafoundthatcountieswiththelargestnumberoftelevisionsetspercapitahavehadthelowestincidenceofaseriousbraindisease,mosquito-borneencephalitis.Theresearchershaveconcludedthatpeopleinthesecountiesstayindoorsmoreandthusavoidexposuretothedisease.Theresearchers’conclusionwouldbemoststrengthenedifwhichofthefollowingweretrue?
(A)Programsdesignedtocontrolthesizeofdisease-bearingmosquitopopulationshavenotaffectedtheincidenceofmosquitoborneencephalitis.
(B)Theoccupationsofcountyresidentsaffecttheirriskofexposuretomosquito-borneencephalitismorethandoestelevision-watching.
(C)Theincidenceofmosquito-borneencephalitisincountieswiththelargestnumberoftelevisionsetspercapitaislikelytodecreaseevenfurther.
(D)Themoretimepeopleinacountyspendoutdoors,thegreatertheirawarenessofthedangersofmosquito-borneencephalitis.
(E)Themoretelevisionsetstherearepercapitainacounty,themoretimetheaveragecountyresidentspendswatchingtelevision.
5.Thecity’spublictransportationsystemshouldberemovedfromthejurisdictionofthemunicipalgovernment,whichfindsitpoliticallyimpossibleeithertoraisefaresortoinstitutecost-savingreductionsinservice.Ifpublictransportationwerehandledbyaprivatefirm,profitswouldbevigorouslypursued,therebyeliminatingthenecessityforcoveringoperatingcostswithgovernmentfunds.Thestatementsabovebestsupporttheconclusionthat
(A)theprivatefirmsthatwouldhandlepublictransportationwouldhaveexperienceinthetransportationindustry
(B)politicalconsiderationswouldnotpreventprivatefirmsfromensuringthatrevenuescoveroperatingcosts
(C)privatefirmswouldreceivegovernmentfundingifitwereneededtocoveroperatingcosts
(D)thepublicwouldapprovethecost-cuttingactionstakenbytheprivatefirm
(E)themunicipalgovernmentwouldnotberesignedtoaccumulatingmerelyenoughincometocovercosts
6.Toenticecustomersawayfromcompetitors,RedLabelsupermarketshavebegunofferingdiscountsonhomeappliancestocustomerswhospend$50ormoreonanyshoppingtriptoRedLabel.RedLabelexecutivesclaimthatthediscountprogramhasbeenahugesuccess,sincecashregisterreceiptsof$50ormoreareupthirtypercentsincethebeginningoftheprogram.Whichofthefollowing,iftrue,mostseriouslyweakenstheclaimoftheRedLabelexecutives?
(A)MostpeoplewhoswitchedtoRedLabelaftertheprogrambeganspendmorethan$50eachtimetheyshopatRedLabel.
(B)Mostpeoplewhoseaveragegrocerybillislessthan$50wouldnotbepersuadedtospendmorebyanydiscountprogram.
(C)MostpeoplewhoreceiveddiscountsonhomeappliancesthroughRedLabel’sprogramwillshopatRedLabelaftertheprogramends.
(D)Sincethebeginningofthediscountprogram,mostofthepeoplewhospend$50ormoreatRedLabelarepeoplewhohaveneverbeforeshoppedthereandwhoseaveragegrocerybillhasalwaysbeenhigherthan$50.
(E)Almostallofthepeoplewhohavebegunspending$50ormoreatRedLabelsincethediscountprogrambeganarelongtimecustomerswhohaveincreasedtheaverageamountoftheirshoppingbillsbymakingfewertrips.
7.Throughoutthe1950’s,therewereincreasesinthenumbersofdeadbirdsfoundinagriculturalareasafterpesticidesprayings.Pesticidemanufacturersclaimedthatthepublicitygiventobirddeathsstimulatedvolunteerstolookfordeadbirds,andthattheincreaseinnumbersreportedwasattributabletotheincreaseinthenumberofpeoplelooking.Whichofthefollowingstatements,iftrue,wouldhelptorefutetheclaimofthepesticidemanufacturers?
(A)Thepublicitygiventobirddeathswaslargelyregionalandneverreachednationalproportions.
(B)Pesticidesprayingsweretimedtocoincidewithvariousphasesofthelifecyclesoftheinsectstheydestroyed.
(C)Noprovisionwasmadetoensurethatadeadbirdwouldnotbereportedbymorethanoneobserver.
(D)Initialincreasesinbirddeathshadbeennoticedbyagriculturalworkerslongbeforeanypublicityhadbeengiventothematter.
(E)Deadbirdsofthesamespeciesasthosefoundinagriculturalareashadbeenfoundalongcoastalareaswherenofarmingtookplace.
8.Teenagersareoftenpricedoutofthelabormarketbythegovernment-mandatedminimum-wagelevelbecauseemployerscannotaffordtopaythatmuchforextrahelp.Therefore,ifCongressinstitutesasubminimumwage,anewlowerlegalwageforteenagers,theteenageunemploymentrate,whichhasbeenrisingsince1960,willnolongerincrease.Whichofthefollowing,iftrue,wouldmostweakentheargumentabove?
(A)Since1960theteenageunemploymentratehasrisenwhentheminimumwagehasrisen.
(B)Since1960theteenageunemploymentratehasrisenevenwhentheminimumwageremainedconstant.
(C)Employersoftenhireextrahelpduringholidayandwarmweatherseasons.
(D)Theteenageunemploymentraterosemorequicklyinthe1970’sthanitdidinthe1960’s.
(E)Theteenageunemploymentratehasoccasionallydeclinedintheyearssince1960.
9.Whichofthefollowingbestcompletesthepassagebelow?
Thecomputerindustry’sestimatethatitlosesmillionsofdollarswhenusersillegallycopyprogramswithoutpayingforthemisgreatlyexaggerated.Mostoftheillegalcopyingisdonebypeoplewithnoseriousinterestintheprograms.Thus,thelosstotheindustryismuchsmallerthanestimatedbecause______
(A)manyuserswhoillegallycopyprogramsneverfindanyuseforthem
(B)mostoftheillegallycopiedprogramswouldnotbepurchasedevenifpurchasingthemweretheonlywaytoobtainthem
(C)evenifthecomputerindustryreceivedalltherevenueitclaimstobelosing,itwouldstillbeexperiencingfinancialdifficulties
(D)thetotalmarketvalueofallillegalcopiesislowincomparisontothetotalrevenueofthecomputerindustry
(E)thenumberofprogramsthatarefrequentlycopiedillegallyislowincomparisontothenumberofprogramsavailableforsale
10.ThisyeartheNewHampshireDivisionofCompanyXsetanewrecordforannualsalesbythatdivision.ThisrecordisespeciallysurprisingsincetheNewHampshireDivisionhasthesmallestpotentialmarketandthelowestsalesofanyofCompanyX’sdivisions.Whichofthefollowingidentifiesaflawinthelogicalcoherenceofthestatementabove?
(A)IfoverallsalesforCompanyXweresharplyreduced,theNewHampshireDivision’snewsalesrecordisirrelevanttothecompany’sprosperity.
(B)Sincethedivisioniscompetingagainstitsownrecord,thecomparisonofitssalesrecordwiththatofotherdivisionsisirrelevant.
(C)IfthisisthefirstyearthattheNewHampshireDivisionhasbeenlastinsalesamongCompanyX’sdivisions,thenewrecordisnotsurprisingatall.
(D)IfoverallsalesforCompanyXwereg