雅思小作文写作.docx
《雅思小作文写作.docx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《雅思小作文写作.docx（26页珍藏版）》请在冰点文库上搜索。
雅思小作文写作
WritingNotes
Date:
July,9th,2017
TaskI
1.ThreeTypes
i.Data:
BarChart,LineGraph,Table,PieChart
◆图表类型：
动态图、静态图
◆动态图：
有两个或以上时间
◆重点
●趋势
●特殊值：
起点、重点、最高点、最低点、交叉点
◆静态图：
只有一个或者没有时间
●比较描述对象：
使用倍数、比较级
ii.Process:
FlowChart
iii.Map
◆Describethechange
◆Eg:
Hospitalislocatedtothewestofcarpark
2.评分标准
i.TaskAchievement/TaskResponse
◆CovertheRequirementsofthetask
◆Noofftopics
◆不能添加主观想法，只能描述
ii.CoherenceandCohesive
◆使用路标性词汇：
顺承和转折
iii.LexicalResource
◆使用非高频词汇
◆Usewordsandphrasesnaturallyandappropriately
◆Vocabularydiversity
◆Accuratespellingwords
iv.GrammaticalRangeandAccuracy
◆Accurategrammarofsentences
◆Usedifferentrangesofsentences,structurestoachievergrammatical
3.写作方法
i.开头段
◆图表词改写
●Thechart:
barchart,linechart,piechart,table,diagram
◆动词shows改写
●注意时态
●Shows:
illustrates,givesinformationabout,compares,indicates,demonstrates
◆关键词（一定要改写）
●数量改写
⏹Thenumberof+可数
⏹Theamountof+不可数
⏹Thequantityof+可/不可数
⏹Thefigurefor+可/不可数
●百分比改写
⏹Thepercentageof:
theproportionof
●句式变化
⏹Compares+不同事物+intermsof+相同事物
●名词变化
⏹Expending:
expenditure
◆地点（可以不改写）
◆时间可以改写
●From1980to2000:
between1980and2000,duringtheperiodfrom1980to2000,overtheperiodof20years,overa20-yearperiod
◆EG:
ThebarchartscomparesthreetypesoftelephonecallsintermsoftheamountoftimespentintheUKbetween1995and2002.
ii.主段写法
◆第一段:
起点数值对比+部分趋势
◆第二段：
剩下趋势+终点值对比
◆数字三种表述方法
●数值放在句首
⏹EG:
60milliontonnesofgoodsweretransportedbyroadintheUK.
●数值放在句末
⏹Standat=be;stoodat=was=totalled
⏹EG:
TheamountofgoodstransportedbyroadintheUKwas60milliontonnes.
●ThereBe句型
⏹EG:
Therewere60billiontonnesofgoodstransportedbyroadintheUK.
◆比较句的写法Comparisons
●“comparedto”,“comparedwith”,“incomparisonwith”+短语
⏹EG:
6%ofsingleagedpersonlivedinpoverty,comparedtoonly4%ofagedcouple
●“while”,“whereas”+句子
⏹EG：
6%ofsingleagedpersonlivedinpoverty,whiletheproportionofagedcouplelivinginpovertywas4%.
◆3个数值的对比写法
●第一个数值thepercentageatthestart
●第二个数值addacomparison
●第三个数值thefigurefor
●EG:
1999,35%ofBritishpeoplewentabroadfortheirholidays,comparedto28%ofAustraliansspenttheirholidaysinadifferentcountry.ThefigurefortheUSAstoodat31%.
●若有3个以上的数值，可以用thefigurefor数值Cand数值DwereXandXrespectively.
◆趋势的写法
●时间过渡短语
⏹Overthefollowing____years
●动态图词汇
⏹缓慢上升：
increase/rise（rose）/grow（grew）/goup（wentup）/anupwardtrend+gradually/gently/slightly/moderately/steadily
⏹急速上升：
+sharply/dramatically/rapidly/substantially/significantly
◆慎用：
soar/surge/leap/stoodup
⏹缓慢下降：
decrease/drop/fall/decline/godown/adownwardtrend+gradually/gently/slighted/moderately/steadily
⏹急速下降：
+sharply/dramatically/rapidly/substantially/significantly
◆慎用：
plunge/slump/plummet
⏹达到顶峰：
reachapeak/peakat
⏹持平：
remainconstant（unchanged）/leveloff/stabilize
⏹达到最低点：
reachabottomat/bottomout（at）
⏹波动上升或下降：
fluctuatewithanoverallupwardtrend（downwardtrend）/increase（decrease）withafewfluctuations
⏹顺承：
similarly/and/likewise/also/besides（均为副词，前面加句号）
⏹转折：
ontheotherhand/however/bycontrast/incontrast（副词，前面加句号）；but（conj.）
⏹接下来：
then/afterwards（adv.）
⏹尽管：
although/despite
⏹约数
◆以上：
justabove/over/morethan
◆以下：
justbelow/almost/nearly
◆左右：
about/around/approximately
⏹超过：
outnumber/overtake
◆EG:
Theconsumptionofchickenovertook/outnumberedthatof（thefigurefor）beefin2000.
⏹介词：
with,of,to,by,at
◆With:
有的含义，后面加短语
●EG：
Obamawontheelectionwith52%ofthevote
◆AT:
用在加在句尾的数字，at接数字
●EG：
ThepercentageofvotesforObamawashighest,at52%.
◆In:
ariseIN
◆动态图句式
●基本句型（主句+动词+副词）
⏹EG:
Thenumberofdivorcesrosegentlyfrom20millionto35millionfrom2000to2010.
●Therebe句型
⏹EG：
Therewasagentlerisefrom20millionto35millioninthenumberofdivorcesbetween2000and2010.
●被动态
⏹EG：
Agentlerisefrom20millionto35millioncanbenoticed/seeninthenumberofdivorcesduringtheperiodfrom2000to2010.
●Witness句式:
主语为时间
⏹Theperiodfrom2000to2010witness/sawagentlerisefrom20millionto25millioninthenumberofdivorces.
●Underwent/Experienced句式
⏹Thenumberofdivorcesunderwent/experiencedagentlerisefrom20millionto35millionfrom2000to2010.
●分词结构
⏹Thenumberofdivorceswas20million,risingto35million.
◆时间的表达
●From时间onwards从...时间以后
●Lookingintothefuture
◆将来的表达
●Beexpectedto
●Predicted
●Projected
●Anticipated
◆当线超过4根及以上时
●第一段：
起点数值对比
●第二段：
整个趋势+ 终点描述
⏹先写不变的先，再写变化最大的线，最后写剩余的线
⏹EG:
Overthefollowing4years,therewasrelativelylittlechangeinthefiguresforthetopthreemobilephonefeatures.However,thepercentageofpeopleusingtheirphonestoaccesstheinternetjumpedto41%in2008andthento73%in2010.Therewasalsoasignificantriseintheuseofmobilestoplaygamesandrecordvideo,withfiguresreaching41%and35%respectively.+剩余终点值对比
iii.结尾写法
◆1-2句，不需要提及数字
◆最高线、最低线
◆趋势对比
◆变化率对比
◆段首连接词：
thesummarize/itisnoticeablethat/itisclearthat
Date:
July,23rd,2017
TaskI
1.静态图
1.开头段与动态图类似，注意改写
◆两个数值的对比：
倍数、比较级、compare,while
◆EG:
domesticwateruse=consumptionofresidentialwater
◆EG:
accountforthemajority/minority=thelargestproportionin
◆EG:
expenditure=spendingon
◆EG:
tobemorespecific,accordingtothechart/graph
◆EG:
peopleagedfrom26to29=26-29yearolds
2.主段
◆原则
●不要以国家或地区作为分类描述对象
●维度相同时，描述对象可以选择，先做概括，在看数值
●没有国家或地区，按照维度小的作为描述对象
●多余12个数值需要筛选来描述
⏹最高值
⏹第二高值
⏹最低值
⏹类比差异（比例）最大的值
◆句式
●最高级、最低级
⏹Thenumber（数量）/percentageofAislargest/highest/maximal/
Lowest/smallest
⏹EG:
Theproportionofsoleparentslivinginpovertywashighest,21%.
●比较级
⏹Behigher/largerthanthat
⏹AisconsiderablyhigherthanB.超过很多
⏹AismarginallyhigherthanB.超过一点点
⏹EG:
Theproportionofsingleagedpersonlivinginpoverty（6%）washigherthanthatofagedcouple（4%）
⏹EG:
Theconsumptionofchickenwashigherthanthatofbeef/thefigureforbeef.
●倍数
⏹Aislessthan/morethantwice/threetimesB.（A=B*2）
a）EG:
Theconsumptionofchickenwastwicethatofbeef.
b）EG:
Theproportionoftheelderlyin2005wasthreetimesthefigurein1995.（15%versus5%）
⏹Double/triple/quadruple
c）EG:
Rentasapercentageofthehouseholdexpendituremorethandoubledbetween1975and1985.
⏹Twofold/threefold用于动态图adj&adv
d）EG:
Theconsumptionofchickenincreasedtwofoldfrom1990to1995（adv）
e）EG:
Therewasatwofoldincreaseinretailsales.（adj）
f）EG:
Therentonaverageincreasedthreefoldinthepastfiveyears.
⏹Twice/threetimesas...as/comparedto
g）EG:
Televisionwastwiceaspopularaswashingmachinein1999.
h）EG：
Theconsumptionofchickenwastwiceasmuch（可数用many）asthatofbeef.
●占据
⏹Accountfor=constitute=takeup=occupy
◆多重数值比较
●最高值（最高级）-次高值（比较级）-最低值（倍数）-同级比较剩余数值
⏹EG：
ThepercentageofspendingonfoodwashighestinTurkey（32.14%）around3%higherthanthat（后面是地名可以省略）inIreland（28.91%）andmorethantwicethefigureforSweden（15.77%）.Thefiguresforanothertwocountriesweresimilar,16.36%inItalyand18.80%inSpain.
●Rank排名
⏹Arankedfirst（%）followedbyBin类别,whilethefiguresforCandDwereremarkablylowerat（%）and（%）respectively.
i）EG:
Italyrankedfirstat9%followedbySpaininclothing/footwear.
⏹Arankedsecond,aheadof/behind对象in类别
j）EG：
In1999,AustraliarankedsecondbehindtheUSAindomesticwastegeneration.
●对比while/comparedto/incontrast
⏹最高值（最高级）-中间数值（对比写法+原级）-剩余数值/较低值/最低数值（对比+比较级）
k）EG:
Italyhasthehighestproportionofexpenditureonclothingandfootwear（9%）.Incontrast,theseitemsconstituted/occupied/accountedforaround6%ofexpenditureinIreland,SpainandTurkey,whilethefigurewasevensmallerinSweden（5.4%）.
⏹最高值（比较级）-中间数值（对比+比较级）-剩余数值/较低值/最低数值（对比+比较级）
l）EG:
Turkeyhadhigherproportionofexpenditurethanothercountriesonleisureandeducation.ThepercentageofspendingwaslowerinItalyandSweden（roughly3.2%）,comparedtothelowestfigureinSpain（1.98%）.
●动态点起点数值比较（与动态图一致）
◆不同对象描述之间的过渡
●趋势不同
⏹Theoppositetrendcanbenoticed/seen,whenlookingatthefigurefor
●趋势相同
⏹Thesimilartrendcanbenoticed/seen,whenlookingatthefigurefor
3.总结
◆最值
●EG：
Overall,wecanseethatplayingcomputergamesismarginallymorepopularthanchatting.However,completelydifferenttrendscanbeseenifwelookatthespecificfiguresforboysandgirls.万能句型）
◆归纳对象的共同点和其他对象的不同点
●EG：
Itisnoticeablethatthelargestproportionofconsumerspendingineachcountrywentonfood,drinksandtobacco.Ontheotherhand,theleisure/educationcategoryhasthelowestpercentageinthetableshown.
2.地图题
i.原则
◆方位描述（第一张图）
◆变化描述（第二张图）
ii.句式
◆三种方位
●Ais/lies/stands/islocated/issituatedin（包含）/on（内部相邻）/to（分开）thewestofB
⏹EG：
Thehospitalislocatedinthesouthoftheschool.
●Therebe+定语从句
⏹EG:
Thereisahospitalwhichliesinthesouthoftheschool.
●倒装
⏹EG:
Inthesouthoftheschoolliesanewhospital.
◆表达
●距离:
Alies100kmtothenorthofB
●邻近:
Aisadjacentto/isjustoff/isnextto/iscloseto/inthevicinityofB.
●对面:
AisontheoppositesideofB=AisoppositetoB
●包围:
AissurroundedbyB.
●代替:
theoriginal/previous/former
●（路）连接:
leadto/connectto
●尺寸:
enlarge/extend/doubled/tripled/increasedfour-fold/halved/reduced
⏹EG:
Thesizeofthelibraryisplannedtobeenlargedtwo-fold.
●消失:
remove/nolongerexist/bedemolished
升级会员 