状语从句的讲解的状语从句讲解.docx
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状语从句的讲解的状语从句讲解
状语从句的讲解
就是用一句话作状语分为：
时间，地点，方式，原因，结果，条件，让步，目的，比较
一、时间状语从句
第一次见到你
一见到你我就喜欢上了你
直到见到你
五岁时见到你
When,as,while,before,after,since,till/until,assoonasnosooner…than…scarcely…when…hardly…when…theminutethesecondtheinstantthemomentbythetime截止immediatelyinstantlydirectly
eachtimeeverytimenexttimethefirsttimeondoingsth
when
while当…时
as
1.when1）当…时/延续性动词短暂性动词都可用
2）这时/
3）届时、到时
IwaswatchingTVwhenmycellphonesuddenlyrang这时
WhenIwasfiveyearsoldIcouldspeakfivelanguages
Thewetweatherwillcontinuetommorowwhenacoldfrontisexpectedtoarrive届时到时
注意：
时间状语从句中动作发生有前后时先发生的用过去完成时
WhenmymothercamebackIhadalreadygonetobed.
2.while1）从句动词延续性
2）同时发生
3）对比的意味“然而”
4）趁着
Hetaughthimselfwhileheworkedinabank延续性动词当他在银行上班时
Whilewewereworkingtheywerehavingarest.对比
Whiletheywerehavingadiscussion,theygotveryconfused.同时
Iwantthegirlstoexperiencethatwhiletheyareyoung趁着她们还年轻我想让姑娘们体验一下
对比：
Ipreferblacktea,whilehelikescoffee
3.As1）当…时
2）一边...一边
3）随着
Asthechildrenwalkedalongthestreet,theysanghappily.当孩子们
Hesangashedanced一边一边
Youwillgrowwiserasyougrowolder随着
4.before1）在…前
2）前加一段时间直到…才…
3）还没来得及
4）要过…时间才
I’llbebackbeforeyouleave
Itmaybemanyyearsbeforewemeetagain可能要过很多年我们才能见面
ThestudentsrushedoutsidebeforeIcouldfinishedmyword还没等我讲完
Itwillbethreeweeksbeforehefinishedhiswork
Itwon’tbelongbeforehefinishedhiswork.用不了多久
5.after
Aftermyfriendgotmarried,shewenttoliveinAmerica
6.since自从主句一般为现在完成时
We’venevermetsincewegraduatedfromthecollege
Greatchangeshavetakenplacesinceyouleft
7.till/untill肯定句中可互换直到…为止
否定句中只用not…until…直到…才
Notuntil放句首句子部分倒装（倒装主句）
Donaldwillremainincollegeuntil/tillhefinishedhisPhDcourse
Donaldwon’tleavecollegeuntilhefinishedhisPhDcourse
Iwon’tgowithyouuntilIfinishedmyhomework
NotuntilmymothercamebackdidIgotobed
8.assoonas
IgavethealarmassoonasIsawthesmoke.一看见冒烟就发出警报
Hewillbesetfreeassoonasthefineispaid
9.theminute
Thesecond
Theinstant瞬间片刻立即的立刻的素食的
Themoment
Theminutewegothome,thetelephonerang
10.nosooner…than…
Scarcely…when…
Hardly…when…
Ihadnosoonergothomethanitbegantorain.
Thefanshadhardlyseenthemoviestarwhentheycried
Thefanshadscarcelyseenthemoviestarwhentheycried
注意：
他们提前句子部分倒装
NosoonerhadIgothomethanitbegantorain.
HardlyhadIgothomewhenitbegantorain
Scarcelyhadthefansseenthemoviestarwhentheycried
11.名词引导的时间状语从句
ThefirsttimeIsawyouImistookyouforafilmstar
NexttimeIseeyouIwilltellyouthetruth
Everytime/eachtimeIseethispictureIthinkofmyhometown.
12.On+doing一…就…
Onarrivinghome,hediscoveredtheyhadgone一到家发现他们已经走了
13.immediatelyinstantlydirectly
Immediatelyshehadgone,Irememberedhername.她刚走开我就想起了她的名字
14.bythetime1）从句是一般现在时主句用将来完成时
2）从句是一般过去时主句用过去完成时
Bythetimeyoureceivethisletter,Iwillhaveleftthiscity
Ishallhavefinisheditbythetimeyoucomeback你回来以前我就做完了
BythetimeIgotthere,thebushadalreadyleft.
注意：
assoonasafterbefore常与过去完成时连用
AfterIhadfinishedmyhomeworkIwenttosleep
BeforeIwenttosleepIhadfinishedmyhomework
AssoonasIhadfinishedmyhomeworkIwentotsleep.
但是如果不强调时间的先后都可以用一般过去时
AfterIfinishedmyhomeworkIwenttosleep/
二、地点状语从句
一、Where在…地方wherever无论哪里anywhere任何地方everywhere到处
1.where
Youshouldputthebookwhereyoufoundit
Wemustcampwherewecanfindwater
Youhadbettermakeamarkwhereyouhaveanyquestions.
2.wherever
whereverthereissmoke,thereisfire
pleaseputthecupwhereverthatisconvinient
3.anywhere
Youcanputitanywhereyoulike
Ican’tstayanywheretherearealotofpeople
4.everywhere
EverywhereIgo,Ifindthesamething.去到的每一处都看到同样的情况
Ihavesearchedeverywherethereisaclue
二、与定语从句的区别
1.定语从句中where是关系副词在从句中充当状语前面有表示地点的名词
状语从句中where是从属连词引导的从句修饰主句的谓语动词整个句子做状语前面无先行词
Bamboogrowsbestinplaceswhereitiswarmandwhereitrainsoften.
Bamboogrowsbestwhereitiswarmandwhereitrainsoften.
Gobackwhereyoucamefrom
Gobacktotheplacewhereyoucame
2.where引导的状从可放在句首与句末都可
而where引导的定语从句只放在句末
三、练习
1.headvisedmetolive_______theairisfresher
A.inwhereB.inwhichC.theplacewhereD.where
2.inpeacetoo,theRedCrossisexpectedtosendhelp_______thereishumansuffering
A.whoeverB.howeverC.whateverD.wherever
3.ifyouaretravelling____thecustomsarereallyforeigntoyouown.pleasedoastheRomansdo
A.inwhichB.whatC.whenD.where
三、原因状语从句
Becausesinceforasnowthatinthatbecauseof既然鉴于inasmuchas
既然鉴于insofaras
鉴于考虑到consideringthatseeingthatgiventhat
Forthereasonthat由于…原因duetothefactthat由于…事实owingtothefactthat
1.because1）语气最强常放句末
2）回答why的问句
3）强调句
ImissedthetrainbecauseIgotuplate.
Heisdisappointedbecausehefailedagain
Becausehefailedagainsoheisdisappointed错不能出现so
注意;because前可以加程度副词simplybecausejustmerelymainly
Itisbecausesheistooinexperiencedthatshedoesnotknowhowtodealwiththesituation
2.since语气弱一些表示对方已知的已经存在的原因“既然”常常放句首
Sinceyouarenotinterested,Iwon’ttellyouaboutit
Sincenooneisagainstit,wewillpassit通过了
3.as“由于’表示较为明显的原因常放句首
Asitissnowing,you’dbettertakeataxi
Asyourequestit,Iwillcome
4.for1）表示猜测的原因放句末用逗号隔开
2）多用于书面语不表示直接原因对前面的句子附带说明
Itmusthaverainedlastnight,forthegroundiswet
Iwenttoseehim,forIhadsomethingtotellhim.
Iwanttobeanengineer,forit’smydream
5.nowthat既然=since
表示新出现的情况促成某事的发生放句首居多
已经有的情况目前的状况
Steven,IheardthattheflighttickettoAmericaischeaprecently.Nowthatyouhavetime,why
notwegotheretogether.
Nowthatwecan’tchangethefact,let’sacceptit.
6.inthat
仅因为就因为有限制意味多用于否定中
Someoldpeopleonlyrememberhappythingsinthattheycan’tgetusedtothisfastsociety
Idon’tlikesportsinthatIamgoodatit
7.inasmuchasinsofaras既然鉴于
Insofarasitisnotmyfault,Idon’tcare.
Inasmuchasthedebtorhasnoproperty,Iabandonmyclaim
8.consideringthat考虑到鉴于补充说明
Sheknowsquitealotaboutit,considering（that）sheisveryyoung.
Consideringthatsheisjustachild,Iamnotverystrictwithher
9.seeingthat由于因为鉴于已有情况
Seeingthathe’sbeensickallweek,heisunlikelytocometoday.
SeeingthatyoulivenextdoortoMrBlack,youshouldrecognizeher.
10.forthereasonthat很正式的书面表达
Duetothefactthat
Owingtothefactthat
IleftthatcountryduetothefactthatIcan’tacceptitsculture
Forthereasonthat
Owingtothefactthat
11.giventhat由于鉴于
Giventhatyouarenewhere,Iwillshowyouaround.
四、条件状语从句
一、Ifunless=ifnotifonlyaslongas=solongasoncondition（that）
incase假如以防万一
provided（that）=providing（that）suppose（that）=supposing（that）once
1.if如果
1）真实条件句
2）非真实条件句（虚拟语气）
Ifitdoesn’trainwewillgoclimbing
Ifyouhaveanyquestion,youcanvoicethemnow.可以提出来
主将从先主情从现
IfIwereabird,Iwouldfly
2.unless=ifnot
Youwillbelate,unlessyouhurry=You’llbelate,ifyoudon’thurry
Ifyoudon’tvisithimtomorrow,hewillbeangry=Unlessyouvisithimtomorrowhe’llbeangry
Iwon’tforgiveyouunlessyouapologize=Iwon’tforgiveyou,Ifyoudon’tapologize
3.ifonly只要如果要是…就好了
I’llletyouusemycar,ifonlyyoureturnit
省略主句用虚拟
IfonlyheknewEnglish
4.incase
Takeacoatincasetheweatherturnscold主祈使从现
IncaseIforget,pleaseremindmeaboutit如果我忘了请提醒我
I’llgiveyoumyphonenumberincaseyouwanttocontactme主将从现
注意：
incaseof+名词表条件以防inthatcase在那种情况下
Incaseofraintheycan’tgotothepark万一下雨他们就不能去公园了
Inthatcase,hewouldbepunished情况如此他就会收到惩罚
5.aslongas=solongas只要如果主将从现主情从现
Aslongasitdoesn’train,wecangotoplay
Aslongas/solongaswedon’tloseheart,we’llfindawaytoovercomethedifficulty
Youcangotoseethefilmas/solongasyouarriveontime只要你按时到你就能去看这场电影
注意：
aslongas还有…之久的意思
Youcankeepitaslongasyoucan=Youcankeepitaslongaspossible你可以尽量久地保留它
6.onconditiongthat条件是只要
I’llcomeonconditonthatAmyisinvitedtoo我可以来条件是艾米也被邀请了
7.provided（that）=providing（that）
Providingthereisnoobjection,weshallmakeadecision
Hewon’tbeagainstusinthemeetingprovided（that）weaskforhisadvice
只要我们征求他的意见
8.suppose（that）=supposing（that）假如假设
Supposingitrains,shallwevisitthemuseum?
Supposethatyouareafamouswriter,doyouliketowritesuchabook?
9.once
I’llmakefriendsonceI’msettledinParis.
二、时态的一致
1.时间状语从句和条件状语从句中遵从主将从现主情从现主祈使从现
He’llbeadoctorwhenhefinishesstudyinghere.
Ifitdoesn’traintomorrow,we’llstart出发
Ifyougetthebook,letmeknow.
Ifyoulike,youcanstayherefortheweekend.在这里过周末
Ifyoudrink,don’tdrive
2.如果谓语是wanthope等动词，则条件状从一般用一般现在时
Whatdoyouwanttodoifyouhavemuchmoney?
IhopetoseeherifI’mfree
3.有些句子中主从句都用一般现在时
Ifyouringthisnumber,nooneanswers
Ifyoupresstheswitch,thecomputercomeson如果你按这个开关计算机就会启动
4.条件状从中也可用的will表示意愿
Ifyouwon’tgo,youneedn’tgo/won’tgo如果你不愿意去，那就不去
Ifyou’lljustwaitamoment,I’llfindsomeonetohelpyou如果你愿意等一会我会找人帮你
五、目的状语从句
Sothatinorderthatlest以免forfearthat唯恐sothatincase以免
1.sothat为了
Ispokeslowlysothatyoucouldunderstandme.
2.inorderthat为了
Sheraisedhervoiceinorderthatshemightbeheard=sheraisedhervoicesothatshemightbeheard
注意：
inorderthat与sothat可以改为不定式做目的状语=inordertodosoastodotodo
Sheraisedhervoicesoastobeheard因为soastodo不可以放句首
Inordertobeheardsheraisedhervoice=sheraisedhervoiceinordert
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