奥巴马在第69届联合国大会一般性辩论中的发言 0924中英文.docx

奥巴马在第69届联合国大会一般性辩论中的发言 0924中英文.docx

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奥巴马在第69届联合国大会一般性辩论中的发言0924中英文

奥巴马在第69届联合国大会一般性辩论中的发言2014.09.24

Mr.President,Mr.SecretaryGeneral,fellowdelegates,ladiesandgentlemen:

Wecometogetheratacrossroadsbetweenwarandpeace;betweendisorderandintegration;betweenfearandhope.

Aroundtheglobe,therearesignpostsofprogress. TheshadowofWorldWarthatexistedatthefoundingofthisinstitutionhasbeenlifted,andtheprospectofwarbetweenmajorpowersreduced. Theranksofmemberstateshasmorethantripled,andmorepeopleliveundergovernmentstheyelected.Hundredsofmillionsofhumanbeingshavebeenfreedfromtheprisonofpoverty,withtheproportionofthoselivinginextremepovertycutinhalf. Andtheworldeconomycontinuestostrengthenaftertheworstfinancialcrisisofourlives. 

Today,whetheryouliveindowntownManhattanorinmygrandmother’svillagemorethan200milesfromNairobi,youcanholdinyourhandmoreinformationthantheworld’sgreatestlibraries. Together,we’velearnedhowtocurediseaseandharnessthepowerofthewindandthesun. Theveryexistenceofthisinstitutionisauniqueachievement--thepeopleoftheworldcommittingtoresolvetheirdifferencespeacefully,andtosolvetheirproblemstogether. IoftentellyoungpeopleintheUnitedStatesthatdespitetheheadlines,thisisthebesttimeinhumanhistorytobeborn,foryouaremorelikelythaneverbeforetobeliterate,tobehealthy,tobefreetopursueyourdreams.

Andyetthereisapervasiveuneaseinourworld--asensethattheveryforcesthathavebroughtustogetherhavecreatednewdangersandmadeitdifficultforanysinglenationtoinsulateitselffromglobalforces. Aswegatherhere,anoutbreakofEbolaoverwhelmspublichealthsystemsinWestAfricaandthreatenstomoverapidlyacrossborders. RussianaggressioninEuroperecallsthedayswhenlargenationstrampledsmallonesinpursuitofterritorialambition. ThebrutalityofterroristsinSyriaandIraqforcesustolookintotheheartofdarkness.

Eachoftheseproblemsdemandsurgentattention. Buttheyarealsosymptomsofabroaderproblem--thefailureofourinternationalsystemtokeeppacewithaninterconnectedworld.We,collectively,havenotinvestedadequatelyinthepublichealthcapacityofdevelopingcountries. Toooften,wehavefailedtoenforceinternationalnormswhenit’sinconvenienttodoso. Andwehavenotconfrontedforcefullyenoughtheintolerance,sectarianism,andhopelessnessthatfeedsviolentextremismintoomanypartsoftheglobe.

Fellowdelegates,wecometogetherasunitednationswithachoicetomake. Wecanrenewtheinternationalsystemthathasenabledsomuchprogress,orwecanallowourselvestobepulledbackbyanundertowofinstability. Wecanreaffirmourcollectiveresponsibilitytoconfrontglobalproblems,orbeswampedbymoreandmoreoutbreaksofinstability. AndforAmerica,thechoiceisclear:

 Wechoosehopeoverfear. Weseethefuturenotassomethingoutofourcontrol,butassomethingwecanshapeforthebetterthroughconcertedandcollectiveeffort. Werejectfatalismorcynicismwhenitcomestohumanaffairs. Wechoosetoworkfortheworldasitshouldbe,asourchildrendeserveittobe.

Thereismuchthatmustbedonetomeetthetestofthismoment. ButtodayI’dliketofocusontwodefiningquestionsattherootofsomanyofourchallenges--whetherthenationsheretodaywillbeabletorenewthepurposeoftheUN’sfounding;andwhetherwewillcometogethertorejectthecancerofviolentextremism. 

First,allofus--bignationsandsmall--mustmeetourresponsibilitytoobserveandenforceinternationalnorms. Weareherebecauseothersrealizedthatwegainmorefromcooperationthanconquest. Onehundredyearsago,aWorldWarclaimedthelivesofmanymillions,provingthatwiththeterriblepowerofmodernweaponry,thecauseofempireultimatelyleadstothegraveyard. ItwouldtakeanotherWorldWartorollbacktheforcesoffascism,thenotionsofracialsupremacy,andformthisUnitedNationstoensurethatnonationcansubjugateitsneighborsandclaimtheirterritory. 

Recently,Russia’sactionsinUkrainechallengethispost-warorder. Herearethefacts. AfterthepeopleofUkrainemobilizedpopularprotestsandcallsforreform,theircorruptpresidentfled. AgainstthewillofthegovernmentinKyiv,Crimeawasannexed. RussiapouredarmsintoeasternUkraine,fuelingviolentseparatistsandaconflictthathaskilledthousands. Whenacivilianairlinerwasshotdownfromareasthattheseproxiescontrolled,theyrefusedtoallowaccesstothecrashfordays. WhenUkrainestartedtoreassertcontroloveritsterritory,Russiagaveupthepretenseofmerelysupportingtheseparatists,andmovedtroopsacrosstheborder.

Thisisavisionoftheworldinwhichmightmakesright--aworldinwhichonenation’sborderscanberedrawnbyanother,andcivilizedpeoplearenotallowedtorecovertheremainsoftheirlovedonesbecauseofthetruththatmightberevealed.Americastandsforsomethingdifferent. Webelievethatrightmakesmight--thatbiggernationsshouldnotbeabletobullysmallerones,andthatpeopleshouldbeabletochoosetheirownfuture.

Andthesearesimpletruths,buttheymustbedefended.AmericaandourallieswillsupportthepeopleofUkraineastheydeveloptheirdemocracyandeconomy. WewillreinforceourNATOAlliesandupholdourcommitmenttocollectiveself-defense. WewillimposeacostonRussiaforaggression,andwewillcounterfalsehoodswiththetruth. Andwecalluponotherstojoinusontherightsideofhistory--forwhilesmallgainscanbewonatthebarrelofagun,theywillultimatelybeturnedbackifenoughvoicessupportthefreedomofnationsandpeoplestomaketheirowndecisions.

Moreover,adifferentpathisavailable--thepathofdiplomacyandpeace,andtheidealsthisinstitutionisdesignedtouphold. Therecentcease-fireagreementinUkraineoffersanopeningtoachievethoseobjectives. IfRussiatakesthatpath--apaththatforstretchesofthepost-ColdWarperiodresultedinprosperityfortheRussianpeople--thenwewillliftoursanctionsandwelcomeRussia’sroleinaddressingcommonchallenges. Afterall,that’swhattheUnitedStatesandRussiahavebeenabletodoinpastyears--fromreducingournuclearstockpilestomeetingourobligationsundertheNuclearNonproliferationTreaty,tocooperatingtoremoveanddestroySyria’sdeclaredchemicalweapons. Andthat’sthekindofcooperationwearepreparedtopursueagain--ifRussiachangescourse. 

Thisspeakstoacentralquestionofourglobalage--whetherwewillsolveourproblemstogether,inaspiritofmutualinterestandmutualrespect,orwhetherwedescendintothedestructiverivalriesofthepast. Whennationsfindcommonground,notsimplybasedonpower,butonprinciple,thenwecanmakeenormousprogress. AndIstandbeforeyoutodaycommittedtoinvestingAmericanstrengthtoworkingwithallnationstoaddresstheproblemswefaceinthe21stcentury.

Aswespeak,Americaisdeployingourdoctorsandscientists--supportedbyourmilitary--tohelpcontaintheoutbreakofEbolaandpursuenewtreatments. Butweneedabroaderefforttostopadiseasethatcouldkillhundredsofthousands,inflicthorrificsuffering,destabilizeeconomies,andmoverapidlyacrossborders. It’seasytoseethisasadistantproblem--untilitisnot. Andthatiswhywewillcontinuetomobilizeothercountriestojoinusinmakingconcretecommitments,significantcommitmentstofightthisoutbreak,andenhanceoursystemofglobalhealthsecurityforthelongterm.

AmericaispursuingadiplomaticresolutiontotheIraniannuclearissue,aspartofourcommitmenttostopthespreadofnuclearweaponsandpursuethepeaceandsecurityofaworldwithoutthem. AndthiscanonlytakeplaceifIranseizesthishistoricopportunity. MymessagetoIran’sleadersandpeoplehasbeensimpleandconsistent:

 Donotletthisopportunitypass. Wecanreachasolutionthatmeetsyourenergyneedswhileassuringtheworldthatyourprogramispeaceful. 

AmericaisandwillcontinuetobeaPacificpower,promotingpeace,stability,andthefreeflowofcommerceamongnations. Butwewillinsistthatallnationsabidebytherulesoftheroad,andresolvetheirterritorialdisputespeacefully,consistentwithinternationallaw. That’showtheAsia-Pacifichasgrown. Andthat’stheonlywaytoprotectthisprogressgoingforward. 

Americaiscommittedtoadevelopmentagendathateradicatesextremepovertyby2030. Wewilldoourparttohelppeoplefeedthemselves,powertheireconomies,andcarefortheirsick. Iftheworldactstogether,wecanmakesurethatallofourchildrenenjoylivesofopportunityanddignity. 

Americaispursuingambitiousreductionsinourcarbonemissions,andwe’veincreasedourinvestmentsincleanenergy.Wewilldoourpart,andhelpdevelopingnationsdotheirs. Butthesciencetellsuswecanonlysucceedincombatingclimatechangeifwearejoinedinthiseffortbyeveryothernation,byeverymajorpower. That’showwecanprotectthisplanetforourchildrenandourgrandchildren.

Inotherwords,onissueafterissue,wecannotrelyonarule book writtenforadifferentcentury. Ifweliftoureyesbeyondourborders--ifwethinkgloballyandifweactcooperatively--wecanshapethecourseofthiscentury,asourpredecessorsshapedthepost-WorldWarIIage. Butaswelooktothefuture,oneissuerisksacycleofconflictthatcouldderailsomuchprogress,andthatisthecancerofviolentextremismthathasravagedsomanypartsoftheMuslimworld.

Ofcourse,terrorismisnotnew.