秋高中英语 Unit 3 Computers同步练习 新人教版必修2.docx

秋高中英语 Unit 3 Computers同步练习 新人教版必修2.docx

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秋高中英语Unit3Computers同步练习新人教版必修2

Unit3Computers

话题诵读日积月累

[导语]　随着互联网的影响力和覆盖率的不断扩大，互联网新词也层出不穷。

互联网新词在年轻人中流传极广，它们俏皮、逗趣还很接地气。

但其中也有一些新词造词格调不高，品位低俗，却被媒体和网友们广泛使用。

这种污染网络环境的用语，终究是要被淘汰的。

OnlineRudeness

Internetjargon，or“netspeak”，ispopularamongyoungpeople.Itcanbefun，convenientand，sometimes，vulgar.

Thatvulgaritycameunderfireinanewofficialreport.OnOct15，theMinistryofEducationreleasedaChineselanguagereportfor2014.Whileaffirmingthepositiveroleofsomenetspeakcatchwords，thereportalsocalledfortheregulationoftheoffensiveInternetlingo.

Accordingtothereport，wordslikediaosi，orloser，epitomizetherudenetspeakthathasblanketedtheInternet.Evensomemediaoutletsareusingthesewords，saidthereport.

“ThesevulgarwordsamplifythenegativeemotionsofsomeWebusersandpollutetheonlinecommunity，”saidanopinionpiecebyXinhua.

Behindeverytrendliesasocialorpsychologicalneed，though.ThepopularityofthevulgarInternetlingoresultsfromatendencythattheuseofthesevulgarwordsisseenasameansofentertainment，theWorkers'Dailypointedout.

Notallnetspeakcatchwordsarebad.Lotsofthemenrichandenlivenourlanguage，notedtheWorkers'Daily.WiththerapiddevelopmentoftheInternet，imaginativeWebuserscreatednetspeakthatispositiveandinspiring，suchasdianzanor“thumbs－up”，saidXinhua.

Thesewordsevenenteredofficialspeeches.“Iwouldliketogiveathumbs－uptoallourgreatpeople，”saidPresidentXiJinpingduringhisNewYeargreetingsfor2015.

Somenetspeakwordswerebornoutofsocialevents，mirroringthepulseofsociety.Thecatchphrasenajiaqiang，whichmeans“whichoneisthebest”，isoneexample.InSeptember2014，agroupscuffleinvolvingaShandong－basedtechnicalschoolmadenationalheadlines.NajiaqianginstantlybecameahitafterWebusersrushedtochangetheschool'scatchysloganfrom“Whichschoolteachesthebestdiggeroperatingskills？

”，to“Whichschoolisthebestforgroupscuffle？

”

Thewordnajiaqiangmaybejustaharmlessjoke，butvulgarnetspeakcanreallyharmsociety.FightingitrequirestheeffortsofbothauthoritiesandindividualWebusers，saidXinhua.

[词海拾贝]

1．jargon　　　n．行话

2．vulgaradj.粗俗的

3．offensiveadj.无礼的，令人不快的

4．epitomizev．集中体现

5．amplifyv．扩大，放大

6．scufflen．混战

[问题思考]

1．Whichofthefollowinghasthesamemeaningwithnetspeakinthepassage?

A．Catchwords.　B．Language.

C．Internetjargon.D．Vulgarwords.

答案：

C

2．Whatdoyouthinkoftherudenetspeak？

Discusswithyourclassmates.（不提供答案）

自主预习步步提高

词汇识记

Ⅰ.将单词与其正确释义配对

1．calculate　　　　A．简化

2．universalB．完全地；整个地

3．simplifyC．普遍的；通用的；宇宙的

4．logicalD．真实；事实；现实

5．technologyE．人造的；假的

6．artificialF．探索；探测；探究

7．intelligentG．解决；解答

8．solveH．工艺；科技；技术

9．realityI．合逻辑的；合情理的

10．totallyJ．计算

11．applicationK．智能的；聪明的

12．exploreL．应用；用途；申请

答案：

1.J　2.C　3.A　4.I　5.H　6.E　7.K　8.G　9.D

10．B　11.L　12.F

Ⅱ.根据所给汉语提示写出单词

1．________n．目标；目的；球门；（进球）得分

2．________v．&n.发信号；信号

3．________v．&n.类型；打字

4．________vi.出现；发生

5．________adj.电子的

答案：

1.goal　2.signal　3.type　4.arise　5.electronic

Ⅲ.根据语境及首字母写出正确的单词

1．Withhishardwork，hefinallyachievedhislifeg______．

2．Nomatterhowfaritis，I'llgotherea________．

3．Thebestwaytoescapeaproblemistos________it.

4．H________liesingivinghelptoothers.

5．Letmec________thet________costofthejourney.

6．Hereducedhisneedstotheminimumbys________hislife.

7．Withthehelpoftheo________，Ifinallygotthroughtotheprofessor.

8．Hisa________forthejobwasfinallyacceptedbythecompany.

9．Asanexplorer，hewantstoe________thedesertalone.

10．Inhisp________opinion，heshouldliveanactivelifetomakehislifemeaningful.

答案：

1.goal　2.anyhow　3.solve　4.Happiness

5．calculate　total　6.simplifying　7.operator

8．application　9.explore　10.personal

Ⅳ.选用短语的适当形式完成句子

fromthenon；asaresult；so...that；goby；inaway；incommon；compare...with；withthehelpof；watchover；dealwith

1．Hardlyaday________whenIdon'tthinkabouther.

2．________withmanymothers，shefeelstornbetweenherfamilyandherwork.

3．Wewereseparatedafterthefilm，and________，Ineversawheragain.

4．________oursmallapartment，ouruncle'shouseseemedlikeapalace.

5．________，itwasoneofourbiggestmistakes.

6．Sheisusedto________allkindsofpeopleinherjob.

7．Theconstructionworkhastostop________oftheheavyrain.

8．Allthevillagersweremovedtosafety________thePLAmen.

9．Theytookturnsto________thechildren.

10．________fatwashe________hecouldn'tgothroughthedoor.

答案：

1.goesby　2.Incommon　3.fromthenon

4．Comparedwith　5.Inaway　6.dealingwith

7．asaresult　8.withthehelpof　9.watchover

10．So　that

语篇理解

课文表层理解

Ⅰ.根据课文内容判断正（T）误（F）

1．Althoughthecomputerwasprogrammedbyanoperatorwhousedcardswithholes，itcouldnot“think”logically.（　　）

2．FirstasalaptopandthenasaPC，thecomputerhasbeenusedinofficesandhomessincethe1970s.（　　）

3．Thecomputers'memorywasfirststoredontransistors，thenintubesandlateronverysmallchips.（　　）

4．Sincethe1970smanynewapplicationshavebeenfoundforthecomputer.（　　）

5．Theuseofthecomputeristoprovidehumanswithalifeofhighquality.（　　）

答案：

1.F　2.F　3.F　4.T　5.T

Ⅱ.读课文，回答问题

1．Inwhatorderisthispassagearranged?

Intheorderof________.

2．Whoisthespeaker“I”inthepassage?

_______________________________________________________

3．Howdoyouthinkthisarticleiswritteninthefirstperson?

_______________________________________________________

4．Fillintheblankwiththewordsfromthesecondparagraph.

Thecomputer'sshapewasgreatlychanged________thememorystoredinsmallerandsmallerspace.

5．Whydo“I”feelveryhappynowaccordingtothelastparagraph?

_______________________________________________________

答案：

1.time　2.Acomputer.　3.Itcanmakethearticlemoreeffectivetounderstandandattractthereaders.　4.asaresultof　5.Because“I”amahelperanddevotedfriendofthehumanrace.

Ⅲ.根据课文内容完成下表

1642

Thecomputerbeganasa1.________machine

1822

The2.________machinewasbuiltbyCharlesBabbage

anditwasthestartof3.________intelligence

1936

AlanTuringwroteabooktodescribehowcomputerscouldbemadetoworkasa4.________machine

1940s

Becauseinformationcanbestoredintubes,oron

5．________andlateronverysmall6.________，computersbecamesmaller

1960s

Thefirstfamilyofcomputerswas7.________toeachotherbya8.________

1970s

Computerswereusedinofficesand9.________

now

Computers10.________peopleallovertheworldtogether

答案：

1.calculating　2.analytical　3.artificial　4.universal　5.transistors　6.chips　7.connected　work　9.homes

10．connect

课文深层理解

Ⅰ.读课文，完成下列各题

1．Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?

Thepassageisashort________ofthe________ofcomputers.

2．Findoutthekeysentenceofeachparagraph：

①____________________________________________________

②____________________________________________________

③_____________________________________________________

答案：

1.history　development

2．①OvertimeIhavebeenchangedquitealot.

②Thesechangesonlybecamepossibleasmymemoryimproved.

③Sincethe1970smanynewapplicationshavebeenfoundforme.

Ⅱ.仔细阅读课文，选择最佳选项

1．Whatistheoldestcalculatorintheworld?

A．Calculator.B．Abacus.C．PC.

2．Whatmightyouusuallyusetoaddmanynumbersupinanexam?

A．PC.B．Hugecomputer.C．Calculator.

3．Inourdailylife，whichiswidelyusedtodealwithalargeamountofinformation?

A．Robot.B．Laptop.C．Abacus.

4．Whatdoyouthinkofthefuturecomputers?

A．Smallerandsmarter.

B．Largerandfaster.

C．Smallerbutslower.

5．Ifyouwanttosendalonglettertoyourfriend，thebestwayis________．

A．bytelephoneB．byplaneC．bye－mail

答案：

1.B　2.C　3.B　4.A　5.C

Ⅲ.领会句子所用的句型并译成汉语

1．IdevelopedveryslowlyandittooknearlytwohundredyearsbeforeIwasbuiltasananalyticalmachinebyCharlesBabbage.

_______________________________________________________

2．Bythe1940sIhadgrownaslargeasaroom，andIwonderedifIwouldgrowanylarger.

_______________________________________________________

3．Astimewentby，Iwasmadesmaller.

_______________________________________________________

4．Sincethe1970smanynewapplicationshavebeenfoundforme.

_______________________________________________________

5．Anyhow，mygoalistoprovidehumanswithalifeofhighquality.

_______________________________________________________

答案：

1.我发展非常缓慢，差不多到了两百年之后，查尔斯·巴比奇才把我制成了一台分析机。

2．到20世纪40年代，我已经有一个房间那么大，我想知道我是否会变得更大。

3．随着时间的推移，我被制作得越来越小了。

4．自从20世纪70年代开始，人们发现了我的许多新用途。

5．不管怎样，我的目标是给人们提供高质量的生活。

知识聚焦讲练互动

要点直击

1．have...incommon有共同点；共享……

（教材原句P17）Inpairsdiscusswhattheyhaveincommon.

两人一组，讨论一下它们有什么相同之处。

归纳拓展

havesthincommon（withsb）（和某人）有共同之处

havenothingincommon无共同之处

havelittleincommon几乎无共同之处

havealotincommon有很多共同之处

incommonwithsb和某人一样

（1）MandyandTomseemtohavealotincommon.

曼蒂和汤姆似乎有很多共同的地方。

（2）Hehassomethingincommonwithyou.

他有些地方和你很像。

（3）________________________manyyoungpeople，helikespopmusic，too.

和许多年轻人一样，他也喜欢流行音乐。

（4）Althoughtheyarebrothers，theyhave__________________．

虽然他们是亲兄弟，但没有什么共同之处。

答案：

（3）Incommonwith　（4）nothingincommon

即学即练

根据语境用common的相关短语完成句子。

（1）Buttheremightbeotherthingstheysharedincommon________us.

（2）Tomysurprise，thetwinshave________incommonwitheachother.

答案：

（1）with　

（2）nothing

2．calculatevt.计算；核算；预测；推测

（教材原句P18）IbeganasacalculatingmachineinFrancein1642.

1642年我在法国诞生时是一台计算机器。

归纳拓展

calculateon指望；依靠

calculateonsb/sthdoingsth期待某人/某物会……

becalculatedtodosth打算或计划做某事

It（is）hasbeencalculatedthat...据估算……

calculationn．计算；推断；估计

calculatorn．计算器

（1）We________havingfineweatherforthesportsmeeting.

我们指望有好天气开运动会。

（2）Thisadvertisement_______