上海初三英语16区县一模首字母专项.docx

上海初三英语16区县一模首字母专项.docx

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上海初三英语16区县一模首字母专项

2021年上海初三英语16区县一模首字母专项

（1）

RecentlyresearchersinBrownUniversityhavefoundthatitonlytakesacoupleofminutesforamantostartmakingjudgmentsaboutyouwhenhefirstmeetsyou.Thatiswhyyoushouldfollowthefollowingtipsonhowtocreateagoodi___1___.

Beforeyoumeetsomeone,startthinkingaboutthep___2___ofthemeeting.Decidewhatimage（形象）youwanttopresent.Forexample,ifyouwanttomakenewfriendsinsomesocialactivities,youwillwanttobefriendly.Andifyoudecidetorunforclasspresident,youneedtobec___3___.

Ithelpsyoualotwhenyoumeetsomeonenewifyoulikes___4___.Itshowsthatyouarefriendlyandmakespeoplearoundyoumorecomfortable.Pleasemakesureyourteetharecleanbybrushingthemeveryday.

Beforeyoubeginspeaking,youwillbejudgedonyourbodylanguage.Therefore,it’simportanttoshowtrustinyourselfbystandinguptallandputtingyourshouldersback.Besides,ifyoudon’tcrossyourarms,youwilllookcalmandr___5___.

Yoursmellcana___6___howotherpeoplejudgeonyou.Ifyouhaveabadbodysmell,itwillputpeopleoff.Inshort,smellcleananddon’tputonalotofscentedproducts.

Whatyouwearreallymatters.Whileyoushouldlookcleanandtidy,it’salsoimportanttodressp___7___,whetheryou’regoingtoabirthdaypartyorasportingevent.Youshouldthinkaboutwhatyourclothessayaboutyou.

1._________2._________3._________4._________5._________6._________7._________

（2）

Unlessyouareoneofthoserarepeoplewithanexcellentmemory,youprobablyhavetroublerememberingthenamesofpeopleyouhavejustmet.Thisproblemcanbefrustrating（令人沮丧的）andembarrassing.F___1___,thereareanumberofwaysyoucanovercomethishumanweakness.

Beforeexaminingthemethodstohelprememberpeople’snames,let’slookatthereasonswhywearesof___2____inthefirstplace.Researchersthinkit’sduetoalackofmotivation.Peoplearebetteratrememberingthingsthattheywanttolearn.Toputitsimply,you’rejustnotthati___3___.Anotherreasonisthatputtinganewfacetoanameismorecomplicatedthanwethink,whichleadstoanotherproblem.Weusuallydon’tmaketheefforttom___4___newnamesimmediately.Notonlythat,butwhenmeetingsomeonenew,wemaybethinkingaboutotherthingsandnotbepayingenoughattention.

Allofthismeansthatweneedtotakemeasurestoavoidtheembarrassmentofforgettingaperson’sname.Onegoodmethodistosayaperson’snamewhenyoug___5___themandalsorepeatitsilentlytoyourselfafewtimes.Thistypeofrepetitionisessentialforlearninganytypeofskill.Usingamemorymethod,suchasl___6___individualnameswithsomethingelse,alsohelps.Forexample,ifsomeone’snameisBenandheistall,youcanlabelhim（toyourself,ofcourse）“BigBen.”Inaddition,focusingonpeopleandlisteningmorecloselywhenyoumeetthemwillassistyouinrecallingtheirnames.Althoughforgettingnamesisn’tamatteroflifeordeath,it’suncomfortable.Puttingtheset___7___intopracticewillhelpyoubetteravoidthissocialdiscomfort.

1._________2._________3._________4._________5._________6._________7._________

（3）

HaveyouseentheHollywoodmovieSherlockHolmes?

HolmesisacharactercreatedbyBritishwriterSirArthurConanDoyle.HisbooksweresopopularthatHolmessoonb___1___“themostfamousdetectiveintheworld.”Whatdoyouneedtobeagooddetective?

ThemovieSherlockHolmeswillshowyou.

Inthismovie,thisgreatdetectivefacesadangerousman,LordBlackwood.TogetherwithhisbestfriendDr.Watson,HolmesstopsBlackwood’splantoc___2___theworldwithblack“magic.”

MostofusarenotasintelligentasHolmes.Butwecanalsoworkoutmysteriesonourown.Allwehavetodoistofollowsomesimplerules.

RuleNo.1:

Justice（正义）isthemostimportant.

Nomatterhowsmartheorsheis,themostimportantqualityforadetectiveisbeinggood.Inthemovie,LordBlackwoodandSherlockHolmesarebothveryintelligent.Thed___3___isthatLordBlackwoodisabadmanandhedoesbadthings.Holmescanbeathimonthesideofjustice.

RuleNo.2:

Havesharpeyes.

Everybadmantriestocoverupwhathedid.Butnotallthingscanbecoveredupeasily.Agooddetectivecandiscoverclueshiddenatcrimesceneswithsharpeyes.Forexample,Holmescansimplylookataman’sfootprintsandq___4___findouthispersonalinformationlikeageandhabits.

RuleNo.3:

Agooda___5___isagreathelp.

EventhoughHolmeshasknowledgeaboutmanys___6____,suchaschemistry,botany（植物学）andanatomy（解剖学）,hestillneedsDr.Watson’shelptosolvemysteries.Youshouldalsohavesomeonetohelpyou,especiallyifyoudon’tknowasmuchasHolmes.

RuleNo.4:

Logic（逻辑）isthekey.

Agooddetectiveneverjumpstoconclusions.Whenallthenecessarycluesareputtogether,you’dbetterthinkcarefully.Ifyoucan’tworkitout,don’tbea___7___.Justtakeadeepbreathandconcentrateonthinking.Logiccanhelpyoudiscovermissingclues.

1._________2._________3._________4._________5._________6._________7._________

（4）

Alocalnewspaperisdoingasurveyofproblemsinpeople’slife.Recentlypeopleofdifferenta81fromaroundthecityhaveemailedthepaperabouttheirsleepproblems.

Philip--aged64

Ihaveastrangehabitoff82asleepwhenIwatchTVanditusuallyhappenswhenIamwatchingsomethingIamreallyinterestedin.Thetelevisionseemstomakemesleepe83.ThenwhenIgoupstairstobed,IfindIcan’tsleepandIusuallylistentotheradioforhoursandhoursduringthenight.

Clare--aged35

Ihaveaneight-month-oldbabyandathree-year-oldson,soIdon’tgetmuchsleepatthemoment.Infact,Ican’trememberthelasttimeIhadaw84night’ssleep.LastnightIthinkIhadaboutfivehours,asthebabywokeupthreetimes.IworkduringthedayanditcanbedifficulttostayawakewhenIhaven’tsleptmuch.

Jag--aged29

Ireadinthepapertheotherdaythatmostchildreninthiscitydon’tsleepenough.Manyofthemdohomeworkuntilmidnightandthentheyarereallyt85atschool.I’mateacher.Sometimes,intheclassesafterlunch,thestudentslookasiftheyareabouttosleep.Somepeoplesaythatmaybeschoolshouldstartl86forteenagers.Ithinktheymightberight.

Clyde--aged16

Athome,Is87aroomwithmyelderbrother.Hesnores（打鼾）,whichisreallyterrible.Ihaveadifficulttimegoingtosleep.

1._________2._________3._________4._________5._________6._________7._________

（5）

Whenyou’rebored,whatwillyoudofirst?

Ifyou’relikemany,theanswerisquitesimple:

Youreachforyourphone.Fiveminutesofshortvideosorfunnypicturesseemlikeap____1____break.

Ifthatsoundsfamiliar,anewstudyhasbadnews.Reachingforyourphoneisprobablytoleaveyoufeelingmorebored.Theproblemisn’ttakingabreak.Theproblemisyourphone.Aresearchshowsusingphonescan’thelppeopler____2____fromtheirheavywork.

Tofigureoutther____3____betweenphonesandboredom,theresearchteaminstalled（安装）anapponthephonesof83volunteerstofindouthowoftentheyusedtheirphones.Theyalsoaskedthesevolunteerstokeepdiariesforthreedays,recordingtheirlevelofboredomeveryhour.

“Phonebreakswerefrequent（频繁的）:

Inthe20minutesfollowingeachquestionnaire,thevolunteerspickeduptheirphones52percentofthetime.Theyspentanaverageofaround90secondsoniteachtime,”reportstheresearchteam.“Themoretiredweare,themorel____4___wearetoreachforourphones.Whilewelooktoourphonestorelieve（减轻）boredom,screentimeseemedtoi____5____feelingsofboredom.Thevolunteersactuallyreportedhigherlevelsofboredomafterhavingusedtheirsmartphones.”

Theresearchteampointedoutthatphonebreaksmayendupbeingmoretiringthanstimulating.Inotherwords,watchingthefunnyvideosisverynice,butit’snotw____6____thecosttoyourbrainineffortandconcentration.Inaddition,pickingupyourphonemightremindyouthatyouhaveabetterchoicetodosomethingelseifyoudon’thavetofinishthetasksimmediately.Bothyourtimeandeffortareeasilywasted.

Whatshouldwedoi____7____?

Takingawalkisgoodexercise.Callingsomeonecanmakeyourmoodcheerful.Readingabookgivesyourbrainafreshstart.Youcandomanythingslikethat.Justremember,don’treachforyourphone!

1._________2._________3._________4._________5._________6._________7._________

（6）

Fivetipsforlessplastic

Theworldhasaplasticproblem---anditisincreasing.Scientistsareworkingtofindalong-termsolutionbymakingplasticmorebiodegradable（可生物降解的）.Butinthemeantime,herearefivethingsyoucandotor___1___plasticwastenow.

1.Stopusingplasticbags.Instead,takeyourownreusableshoppingbagtothestore.Peopleuseatrillionplasticbagsworldwideeveryyear.About10percentareusedintheUnitedStatesalone.That’salmostonebagperAmericanperday.butthea___2___Dane（丹麦人）usesfoursingle-usebagsperyear.In1993,Denmarkwasthefirstcountrytoplaceataxonplasticbags.Today,othercountries（suchasChile,KenyaandNewZealand）eithermakecustomerspayforplasticbags,orhavebanned（禁止）themc___3___.

2.Skipthestraw.Today,around8.3billionplasticstrawspollutetheworld’sbeaches.Sowhenyouorderadrink,say“no”tothereusablestraw,orbringyourownreusableone.In2018,SeattlebecamethefirstmajorU.S.citytobanplasticstrawsandmanyothercitiesaresettofollowitse___4___.

3.Don’tuseplasticbottles.Buyareusablebottleandfillitwithanyt___5___ofdrinkyoulike.Some