山东省菏泽市届高三上学期期末考试英语试题B Word版含答案.docx

山东省菏泽市届高三上学期期末考试英语试题B Word版含答案.docx

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山东省菏泽市届高三上学期期末考试英语试题BWord版含答案

保密★启用前

菏泽市2020—2021学年度第一学期期末考试

高三英语试题（B）

（考试时间：

100分钟试卷满分：

120分）

注意事项：

1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。

2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。

如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。

回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。

3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。

第一部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）

第一节（共15小题：

每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。

A

HallofHumanLife（PermanentExhibit）

Shouldyouhaveyourbaby’sDNAsequenced?

Whatkeepsyouawake?

StepinsidetheHallofHumanLife.theMuseumsnewbiologyexhibition,andencountersuchfar-reachingquestionsonanamazingjourneyinsidethehumanbody.Throughdigitalmediaandpersonalinteraction,youbecome“partofthestory”,asyoucontributeyourowndatainaprocessoflearninganddiscovery.

ABirdsWorld（PermanentExhibit）

ThisexhibitfeaturestheMuseumsextraordinarycollectionofbirds，displayingover300speciesinNewEngland.Here,youcanlearntointerpretthebirdlanguagetakingplacejustoutsideyourwindowathome.

Testyourobservationskillsundseeifyoucangetpastdifferentbirdswithoutthemalerting（发信号）otheranimalstoyourpresence.Learntoidentifybirdsfromadistancebyrecognizinguniqueflightpatterns.PracticeyourflyingtechniqueintheBirdWalk.

ButterflyGarden（PermanentExhibit）

Walkamongthefree-flyingresidentsofthiswarmconservatory.ItisawonderfulopportunitytogetclosetoavarietyoflivingbutterfliesfromNewEnglandandacrosstheglobe.The“EmergenceBox”offersawindowintothebutterflybehavior.Lookinsidetoseehangingchrysalides（蝶蛹）transformintoadultbutterflies.Ticketsarerequiredandvisitorsshouldreserveatleasttwoweeksinadvance.

1.HowcanyoubecomepartofthestoryintheHallofHumanLife?

A.Bykeepingawake.B.Onanfunnyjourney.

C.Byansweringquestions.D.Throughofferingthepersonaldata.

2.WhatcanyoudoinAbird’sWorld?

A.Learnthebirdlanguage.B.Watchallbirdspecies.

C.Makeyourflyingtechniquebetter.D.Sendsignalstobirds.

3.WhatisthemainfunctionoftheEmergenceBoxintheButterflyGarden?

A.Hangingchrysalides.B.Gettingclosetobutterflies.

C.Keepingtheconservatorywarm.D.Observingbutterfliesthroughitswindow.

B

WhenStephenMillsspottedadustyoldsafe（保险箱）inamuseuminCanada,hethoughthe’dtrylocrackthecode,“justlikeinthemovies”.Butwhenhebeganturningthedial,hewasn’texpectingaHollywoodending.

Foryears,anyonewhovisitedtheVermillionHeritageMuseuminAlbertawouldhavepassedbyalarge,blackmetalbox.Staffknewithadcomefromthelong-goneBrunswickhotelandwasdonatedtothemuseuminthe1990s.Butitscodeandcontentsremainedamysteryfordecades–untilMillsunexpectedlycrackedthecode.

Mills,wholivedinFortMcMurray,Alberta,wasvisitingthemuseumwithhisfamilylastmonthoveraholidayweekend.Astheywanderedaroundtheexhibitswiththemuseumguide,TomKibblewhite,theyspottedthesafe.

Kibblewhitetoldthefamilywhathetoldallotherguests:

the900kgblackboxwithasilverdialhadremainedclosedforgenerations.Foryears,thesafehasconfusedvolunteersatthemuseum.Themanufacturerwasunabletoprovideadviceonhowtoopenitsthickdoor.

Alocksmith（锁匠）oncesuggestedthatyearsofinactivitymighthavesloweddownthegears,makingitinoperable.ButMills,whoisa“mechanically-mindedperson”,askedwhetherhecouldgiveitatry.

“Kibblewhitekeptsayingnoonehadopeneditandthatitwasamysterywhatwasinside,”Millssaid.“Ithoughtthiswouldbeagreatthingtodoforalaughforthekids.Maybetheycanfindsomeinterestinghistoricalthingsinit—likeatimecapsule.”

Afterpressinghisearagainstthecoolmetal,hebeganspinningthedial.Withnumbersrangingfromzeroto60,heturnedclockwise（顺时针方向地）threetimesto20,counter-clockwisetwotimesto40,andthenclockwiseonetimeto60.Hewasastonishedtohearaclick.“IjumpedupandtoldeveryoneI’mbuyingalotteryticket（彩票）,”hesaid.

4.WhatdoyouknowaboutMillsfromparangraph1?

A.Hedidn’tthinkhewouldopenthesafe.

B.Hcdidn’twanttoturnthedialatall.

C.Hewishedtowinalotteryticketintheend.

D.HismuseumtripwaslikeaHollywoodfilm.

5.Whatdoweknowaboutthesafe?

A.Nobodywasinterestedinitscocle.

B.Itwasnotvaluableandexpensive.

C.ltwasdonatedbyarichbusinessman.

D.Peopleregardeditasamysteryfordecades.

6.WhydidMillscallthesafe“atimecapsule”?

A.Totellpeoplehowlasttimeflies.

B.Toexplainthecontentofthesafe.

C.Toremindvisitorsofthetimelimit.

D.Toindicatethespecialvalueofthesafe.

7.WhatdoesMillsprobablymeanbysaying“l’mbuyingalotteryticket”?

A.Hewantedtobecomericher.

B.Heopenedthesafebyluck.

C.Hewasgoodatcrackingthecode.

D.Buyinglotteryticketsleadstosuccess.

C

AnewwaveofpsychologicalresearchispioneeringVirtualReality（VR）lotreatmedicalconditionsfromsocialanxietytoAlzheimer’sdisease.

Ridingawaveofinterestinmentalhealthtech,companiescreatingVRcontentfortreatmentarereceivingafloodofattentionandfunding.And,whileVRhasbeenusedsuccessfullytotreatpost-traumaticstressdisorder（PTSD）sincethe1990s,thesenewprogramsaddressamuchbroaderrangeofconditions.ThelibraryofPaloAlto–basedLimbix,forinstance,includesVRcontentdesignedtotreatissuesincludingalcoholaddictionandteenagedepression.Barcelona-basedPsiousofferstreatmentsforeatingdisorders.

Today’sVRcontentisprimarilydesignedtoaidexposuretreatment,atreatmentforanxietydisordersinwhichpatientsareexposedtothe“threats”they’reworriedaboutinasafe,controlledenvironment,eventuallylearningthatthe“threats”arenotactuallyverydangerous.Forexample,someonewhofearsheightsmightvisittallerbuildingsundertheguidanceoftheirdoctor,whilesomeonewithPTSDmightrevisitpainfulmemories.

VRallowsdoctorstocreateasafeandcontrolledenvironmentinsideaVRheadset.It’safarsafer,quickerandlessexpensiveoption.UsingVRalsogivesdoctorsmuchmorecontrolovertheintensity（强度）oftheirpatients’experiences,whichcanleadtobettertreatmentoutcomes,saidStephaneBouchard,aprofessorattheUniversityofQuebec.VRtreatmentpatientscanalsodothingstheycouldn’tdointherealworld.“Inoneofourstudies,weaskedpatientswhoareafraidofheightstoactuallyjumpfromacliff,”Bouchardsaid.

However,notallVRtreatmentcontentiscreatedequal.“SomecompaniesshowvideosofVRenvironmentsthatareincomplete,untestedanddefinitelyhaven’tbeentriedoutbypsychologists,”Bouchardsaid.Clearerrulesandstandardswillmakeiteasierforpatientsanddoctorstoidentifyproductsthatwork.

8.WhatproblemscanVRbeusedtotreataccordingtothepassage?

A.Socialanxiety,PTSDandalcoholaddiction.

B.Sleepingdisorders,deafnessandcomputeraddiction.

C.Thefearofheights,bloodpressureandeatingdisorders.

D.Alzheimer’sdisease,heartattackandteenagedepression.

9.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“outcomes”probablymeaninParagraph4?

A.Benefits.B.Results.C.Causes.D.Methods.

10.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesthefutureofVRtreatment?

A.Worrying.B.Uncertain.C.Promising.D.Passive.

11.Whatwillbemostprobablydiscussedintheparagraphfollowingthepassage?

A.CriteriaofVRtreatment.

B.WideuseofVRtreatment.

C.ProblemsVRtreatmentarefacing.

D.ReasonswhyVRtreatmentstandardsareneeded.

D

ScientistsDiegoKerstingandCristinaLinareshavefoundthatsomecoralspeciesareabletorecoverfromharmfulwarmingeventsthroughauniquesurvivalstrategy（策略）—knownas“rejuvenescence”（新生）—amongcoralsintheMediterraneanSea.Thefindingsrepresentsomeraregoodnewsforcoralsaroundtheworld,whicharefacingnumerousseverethreats—mostnotably,climatechange.

“Themainthreatsareclimatechange,overfishing,pollutionandcoastalurbanization,”Kerstingsaid.“Butcurrently,climatechangeisprobablytheonecausingthemostcoralcoverdeclines.Warmingstressescoralsuptoapointthatmaycausedeath.Somecoralsbleach（白化）beforedying.Othercoralsdonotbleachbutdiedirectly.”Hewenton,“Ourfindingsaresignificantbecausethissurvivalstrategywasonlyknownfromfossilcoralsthatexistedhundredsofmillionsofyearsago.Itisthefirsttimethatithasbeenfoundinalivingcoral.Thankstoourfindings,weknownowthatsomecoralsareabletorecover,butunfortunatelythisisnotenoughinthecurrentclimatechangecontext.”

Fortheirresearch,KerstingandLinaresmonitored243coloniesoftheendangeredreef-buildingcoralCladocoracaespitosainSpain’sColumbretesIslandsMarineReserveover16years.ThemonitoringrevealedthatCladocoracaespitosaintheMediterraneanusesrejuvenescencetocopewithwarmingevents.Thisprocessinvolvesthepolyps—ortheindividualcoralanimalsinacolony—shrinkinginwardandabandoningtheirskeletons（骨骼）duringwarmperiods,beforerejuvenatingatalaterpoint.“Whathappensisthatsomepolypsinacoralcolony—sometimesjustone—reducescompletelyitsdimensionsandpartiallyretreatsfromitsskeleton,”Kerstingsaid.“Oncethestressfuleventisover,theshrunkenorrejuvenatedpolyprecoversitssizeandbuildsupanewskeleton.Eventually,itbeginstoreproduceitselfthroughbuddingandbeginstocoverthedeadcolonysurfaces.”

Hecontinued,“TheresultswereverysurprisingbecauseIstartedtoobservecoloniesthatweredeadyearsago,thatwereshowinglivingpartsmanyyearsaftertheirdeath.”

12.Whatisthegreatestthreattocoralsnow?

A.Overfishing.B.Climatechange.C.Citygrowth.D.Lightpollution.

13.Whatcanwe