园林景观中英文对照.docx

园林景观中英文对照.docx

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园林景观中英文对照

02园林学　　总论　　园林学landscapearchitecture,gardenar-chitecture造园学gardenmaking,landscapegarden-ing环境园艺学environmentalhorticulture观赏园艺学ornamentalhorticulture园林艺术gardenart园林美学gardenaesthetics园林建筑学gardenarchitecture园林建筑gardenbuilding园林工程gardenengineering园林植物landscapeplant观赏植物ornamentalplant盆景miniaturelandscape,penjing园林gardenandpark园林学史historyofgardenarchitecture园林规划gardenplanning,landscapingplanning园林设计gardendesign园林机具设备gardeningmachine园林管理gardenmanagement园林生态landscapeecology绿化greening,planting环境绿化environmentalgreening绿地面积greenarea绿地率ratioofgreenspace城市绿化覆盖率urbangreencoverage工厂绿化factorygreening,factorygarden-ing街道绿化streetgreening,streetplanting车行道绿化drivewaygreening分车带绿化dividingstripegreening人行道绿化sidewalkgreening群众绿化massplantingmovement郊区绿化suburbangreening公路绿化highwaygreening铁路绿化railwaygreening,railwayplanting堤岸种植bankplanting阳台绿化balconygreening窗台绿化window-sillgreening屋顶绿化roofgreening垂直绿化verticalgreening攀缘绿化climbergreening桥头绿化bridgeheadgreening花园garden专类花园specifiedflowergarden花园村gardenvillage园林城市landscapegardencity蔷薇园rosegarden松柏园conifergarden球根园bulbgarden宿根园perennialgarden假山园rockgarden,Chineserockery狩猎场huntingground街心花园streetcrossingcentergarden小游园pettystreetgarden水景园watergarden铺地园pavedgarden野趣园wildplantsbotanicalgarden野生植物园wildplantsgarden乡趣园rusticgarden盆景园penjinggarden,miniatureland-scape动物园zoo,zoologicalgarden墓园cemeterygarden沼泽园bogandmarshgarden水生植物园aquaticplantsgarden学校园schoolgarden室内花园indoorgarden芳香花园fragrantgarden盲人花园gardenfortheblind公园park,publicpark城市公园citypark,urbanpark区公园regionalpark儿童公园childrenpark体育公园sportspark森林公园forestpark纪念公园memorialpark烈士纪念公园martyrmemorialpark综合公园comprehensivepark文化公园culturalpark文化休憩公园culturalandrecreationpark中央公园centralpark天然公园naturalpark海滨公园seasidepark,seabeachpark古迹公园historicsitepark河滨公园riversidepark湖滨公园lakesidepark路边公园roadsidepark,streetpark娱乐公园amusementpark雕塑公园sculpturepark休憩公园recreationpark疗养公园sanatoriumpark国家公园nationalpark邻里公园neighborhoodpark特种公园specialpark植物园botanicalgarden植物公园abeledplantspark高山植物园alpinegarden热带植物园tropicalplantsgarden药用植物园medicalplantsgarden,herbgarden绿地greenspace公共绿地publicgreenspace单位绿地unitgreenarea城市绿地urbangreenspace街道广场绿地streetandsquaregreenarea居住区绿地residentialquartergreenarea防护绿地greenareaforenvironmentalprotection郊区绿地suburbangreenspace街坊绿地residentialblockgreenbelt附属绿地attachedgreenspace生产绿地productiveplantationarea苗圃nursery风景landscape,scenery自然景观naturallandscape人文景观humanlandscape,sceneryofhumanities草原景观prairielandscape山岳景观mountainlandscape,alpinelandscape地理景观geographicallandscape湖泊景观lakeview郊区景观suburbanlandscape地质景观geologicallandscape喀斯特景观karstlandscape植物景观plantslandscape,floralandscape园林史　　中国园林史　　中国古典园林classicalChinesegarden中国传统园林traditionalChinesegarden中国古代园林ancientChinesegarden中国山水园Chinesemountainandwatergarden帝王宫苑imperialpalacegarden皇家园林royalgarden私家园林privategarden江南园林gardenontheYangtzeDelta西方园林史　　西方古典园林westernclassicalgarden英国式园林Englishstylegarden中英混合式园林Anglo-Chinesestylegarden意大利式园林Italianstylegarden西班牙式园林Spanishstylegarden法兰西式园林Frenchstylegarden勒诺特尔式园林LeNotre'sstylegarden文艺复兴庄园Renaissancestylevilla洛可可式园林Rococostylegarden巴洛克式园林Baroquestylegarden庄园manor,villagarden廊柱园peristylegarden,patio绿廊xystus迷阵maze,labyrinth典型中西园林　　灵囿LingYouHuntingGarden灵沼LingZhaoWaterGarden灵台LingTaiPlatformGarden阿房宫E-PangPalace上林苑Shang-LinYuan未央宫Wei-YangPalace洛阳宫LuoyangPalace华清官Hua-QingPalace艮岳GenYueImperialGarden圆明园Yuan-MingYuanImperialGarden颐和园Yi-HeYuanImperialGarden,SummerPalace承德避暑山庄ChengdeImperialSummerResort苏州园林Suzhoutraditionalgarden悬园HangingGarden英国皇家植物园RoyalBotanicalGarden,Kewgarden凡尔赛宫苑VersaillesPalacePark枫丹白露宫园FontainebleauPalaceGarden园林艺术　　景view,scenery,feature远景distantview近景nearbyview障景obstructivescenery,blockingview借景borrowedscenery,viewborrowing对景oppositescenery,viewinoppositeplace缩景miniaturescenery,abbreviatedscenery漏景leakingthroughscenery框景enframedscenery尾景terminalfeature主景mainfeature副景secondaryfeature配景objectiveview夹景vistaline,vista前景frontview背景background景序orderofsceneries景点featurespot,viewspot仰视景观upwardlandscape俯视景观downwardlandscape季相景观seasonalphenomena气象景观meteorologicaldiversityscenery视野visualfield秋色fallcolor,autumncolor园林空间gardenspace开敞空间wideopenspace,widespace封闭空间enclosurespace意境artisticconception,poeticimagery苍古antiquity空灵spaciousness,airiness动观in-motionviewing静观in-positionviewing视错觉visualillusion园林艺术布局artisticlayoutofgarden对称平衡symmetricalbalance不对称平衡asymmetricalbalance左右对称bilateralsymmetry辐射对称radialsymmetry透景线perspectiveline轴线axis,axialline主轴mainaxis副轴auxiliaryaxis暗轴hiddenaxis,invisibleaxis树冠线skyline园林色彩艺术artofgardencolors单色谐调monochromaticharmony复色谐调compoundchromaticharmony对比色突出contrastcolorsaccent近似色谐调approximatecolorsharmony暖色warmcolor冷色coolcolor色感colorsense城市绿地系统规划urbangreenspacesystemplanning绿地系统greenspacesystem公共绿地定额publicgreenspacequota公共绿地指标publicgreenspacenorm绿地布局greenspacelayout吸引圈attractivecircle吸引距离attractivedistance有效半径effectiveradius绿地资源greenspaceresource绿地效果greenspaceeffect绿地规划程序planningprocedureofthegreenspace空间规划spaceplanning形象规划imageplan实施规划implementaryplan必要生活空间necessarylivingspace余暇生活空间leisuretimelivingspace利用频度usagefrequency树种规划planningoftreesandshrubs绿地类型typeofgreenspace环状绿型annulargreenspace块状绿地greenplot点状绿地greenspot放射状绿地radiategreenspace楔状绿地wedge-shapedgreenspace缓冲绿地buffergreenspace防音绿地noiseproofgreenspace科学景观论scientificlandscapetheory园林保留地reservegarden公园规划parkplanning园林总体规划gardenmasterplanning总平面规划siteplanning园林分区gardenzoning安静休息区tranquilrestarea儿童活动区childrenplayingspace儿童游戏场childrenplayground,playlot体育运动区sportsactivitiesarea野餐区picnicplace散步区pedestrianspace群众集会区massmeetingsquare观赏植物区ornamentalplantsarea观赏温室区displaygreenhousearea,displayconservatoryarea草坪区lawnspace绿荫区shadetreesection历史古迹区historicalrelicsarea青少年活动区youngstersactivitiesarea诱鸟区birdsanctuaryarea钓鱼区fishingcenter野营区campsite游人中心visitorscenter服务中心servicecenter探险游乐场adventureground文化活动区culturalactivitiesarea道路系统approachsystem,roadsystem环形道路系统circularroadsystem方格形道路系统latticedroadsystem放射形道路系统radiateroadsystem自然式道路系统informalroadsystem规整式道路系统formalroadsystem混合式道路系统mixedstyleroadsystem园林规划图gardenplanningmap园林规划说明书gardenplanningdirection城市公园系统urbanparksystem公园分布distributionofparks公园类型parktype,parkcategory公园间距distancebetweenparks公园形式parkstyles游览区excursionarea,open-to-publicarea非游览区no-admittancearea办公区administrativearea服务区servicecenter动休息区dynamicrestspace静休息区staticrestspace娱乐演出区entertainingperformanceplace主要入口mainentrance次要入口secondaryentrance人流量visitorsflowrate车流量vehicleflowrate公园道路parkroad公园水陆面积比率land-waterratio游人容纳量visitorscapacity风景资源调查landscaperesourceevaluation风景学scenicology风景规划landscapeplan风景设计landscapedesign游览路线touringroute旅游资源tourismresource旅游地理tourismgeography旅游地质tourismgeology历史名城famoushistoricalcity文化名城famousculturalcity文化遗址ancientculturalrelic天然博物馆naturalopenmuseum风景地貌naturalgeomorphology造型地貌imaginativegeomorphologicfiguration风景区scenicspot,scenicarea风景名胜famousscenery,famousscenicsite特异景观风景区specificnaturalscenesarea民族风俗风景区scenicspotofminoritycustoms高山风景区alpinescenicspot海滨风景区seabeachscenicspot森林风景区forestscenicspot高山草甸风景区alpinetundralandscapespot峡谷风景区valleyscenicspot江河风景区riverlandscapedistrict湖泊风景区lakeroundscenicspot温泉风景区hotspringscenicspot瀑布风景区waterfallscenicspot禁伐禁猎区regionforbiddentotreecuttingandhunting封山育林区regionclosedforafforestation天池风景区craterlakescenicspot自然保护区natureprotectionarea科学保护区protectionareaforscientificresearch天然纪念物naturalmonument生物圈保护区biosphereprotectionarea园林设计　　园林设计师landscapearchitect,gardendesigner园址测量图gardensitesurveymap地形图topographicmap,contourmap种植设计plantingdesign地形改造设计topographicalreformdesign种植大样图detailplantingdesign造价分析costanalysis园林形式gardenstyle规整式园林formalgardenstyle非规整园林informalgardenstyle几何式园林geometricgardenstyle自然式园林naturalgardenstyle混合式园林mixedgardenstyle近代巴洛克式园林modernBaroquestyle马克斯抽象园林.Marxabstractgarden园林区划gardenareadivision园林分区规划gardenblockplanning庭院花园courtyardgarden前庭frontyard,forecourt后庭backyard,rearyard中庭patio厨园kitchenyard沉[床]园sunkengarden窗园windowgarden墙园wallgarden宅园homegarden台地园terracegarden冬园wintergarden切花园cutflowergarden屋顶花园roofgarden后花园backyardgarden园林地形改造topographicalreformofgarden土山earthpiledhill,artificialmound假山rockery,artificialrockwork太湖石TaihuLakestone,watermodelledstone黄石yellowishbrownstone人造假山石artificialstone,man-madestone孤赏石monolith,standingstone掇山piledstonehill,hillmaking叠石stoneslaying板石flagstone散点石scatteredstone抱角石cornerstone屋基石foundationstone排衙石guardstone屏石screenstone石岸rockbank石阶stonesteps汀步steppingstoneonwatersurface附壁石stoneappendedtowall石花台stoneflowerbed石凳stonebench假山石挡土墙rockretainingwall干砌石drystonewall假山石楼梯rockstairway石亭stonepavilion石洞stonecavern石窟grotto置石stonearrangement,stonelayout拱石archstone拱顶石keystone园林水景waterscenesofgarden水体waterbody水面watersurface水池pool水塘pond喷泉fountain喷水池fountainpool