级专升本英语专业专升本复习资料份考试资料英语语音学复习资料.docx

级专升本英语专业专升本复习资料份考试资料英语语音学复习资料.docx

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级专升本英语专业专升本复习资料份考试资料英语语音学复习资料

《实用英语语音》复习资料1

I.Multiplechoice

1.Accordingtotherulesof____,thephrase“lightpencil”shouldbeproducedas['laip'pensl].

A.liaisonB.lossofplosionC.assimilationD.elision

2.Whichofthefollowingpartofspeechisincludedininformationwords?

A.nounB.verbC.possessiveD.adverb

3.Whichoneinthefollowingisnotthefeatureofweakformsofwords?

A.reductionofthelengthofsounds

B.obscurationofvowelstowardstheschwa

C.elisionofvowelsandconsonants

D.emphasisofcertaininformation

4.____referstothetotalpatternofpitchchanges,i.e.therisingandfallingofthevoicewhenapersonisspeaking,withinanutterance.

A.stressB.rhythmC.intonationD.tone

5.WhichstatementinthefollowingisNOTtrue?

A.Differentpitchesmayindicatedifferentmeaningsforthesameutterance.

B.Differentpitcheshelpusexpressourfeelings.

C.Inlisteningtothemeaningofanutterance,welistentohowspeakerstalkaswellastowhattheysay.

D.WecannotgettherelationshipofwordswithinandbetweensentencesthroughEnglishintonation.

II.Fillintheblanks.

1.Theshortvowelsoundinunstressedsyllablesisveryoftenthesound________,whichisthemostcommonofallsoundsinEnglish.

2.InspokenEnglish,thephenomenonofjoiningwordstogetheriscalled.

3.IntonationcanbeusedtoremoveambiguityofEnglishsentences.Thisisthe_________functionofintonation.

4.[tʃ]and[dʒ]aretwoEnglishaffricateandtheydifferprimarilyintermsof_______

5.Theplacementofnucleusdependsontheinformationcontent:

themorepredictableaword’soccurrenceisinagivencontext,theitsinformationcontentis.

6.Anintonationunitusuallycorrespondstoagroup.

7.ThefrequentoccurrenceofthesyllableisoneofthefundamentalcharacteristicsofspokenEnglish,andtheonethatmostdistinguishesEnglishfromChinese.

8.Thesyllablewhichcarriesamaximalprominenceinthetoneunitiscalled.

9.RhythminEnglishspeechisbasedon.

10.Accordingtothemannerofarticulation,thesound[p]and[t]are____________consonantswhile[m]and[n]are_____________consonants.

11.Intonationcanbeusedtoconveyfeelingsandattitudes.The___________intonationissaidtobemoreoftenassociatedwithfeelingsofhesitation,contrast,reservationordoubt.

12.Accordingtotheplaceofarticulation,thesound[θ]and[ð]are.

13.Headinanintonationunitextendsfromthesyllableuptothenucleus.

14.Thereare4frontvowelsinEnglish.Theyare[i],[],[]and[æ].

15.Thesound[]isdescribedasvoiceless,glottal,fricative.

16.Aisadistinctivesoundwhichiscapableof distinguishing one word or one shape of a word from another inagivenlanguage.

17.Therearearepurevowelsandarediphthongs.

III.TrueorFalse

1.Thephrase“nextyear”inquickcolloquialspeechispronouncedas['nekstʃiə].Thisphenomenonisknownascontextualelision.

2.Englishspeakersusuallystressallwordsonlywhentheyareimpatientorangry.Differentpitchesmayindicatedifferentmeaningsforthesameutterance.

3.Englishnativespeakerscaneasilyunderstandyouwhenyoupronounceclearlyonesyllableafteranother.

4.VariationofwordsorsyllablesthathavestrongstresswiththosethathaveweakerstressistypicalandcontributestotherhythmofEnglish.

5.WhenEnglishspeakersspeak,theymakealmostallpartsofwordswithequalstrengthandlength.

6.Asthesmallestphoneticunitoflanguage,speechsoundisdistinctive.

7.Thefirstpartofadiphthongismuchshorterandweakerthanthesecondpart.

8.Anucleuscanbeonanywordorphraseinanintonationunit.

9.Inspeech,peopleoftenusethefallingtonetoindicatenewinformationandtherisingtonetoindicate“shared”or“given”information.

10.Theweakformofyouris[jə]asinthecolloquialsentence“Takeyourtime.”

11.Tomakenaturallinking,itisimportanttosaygroupsofwordsinonebreathandkeepourvoicegoingfromonewordtothenext.

11.IntherhythmicpatternofanEnglishsentence,thestressedsyllablesfolloweachotheratroughlyequalintervalsoftime.

12.Notalllanguagesintheworldhavetheirownrhythmicpatterns.

13.IntherhythmicpatternofanEnglishsentence,whentherearefunctionwordsbetweenthestrongstresses,wecannotreducethevowels（usingtheweakvowelorschwa）tomakethemshort.

14.Thelocationofthetonicsyllableisofconsiderablelinguisticimportance.Forcontrastivepurposes,anywordmaybearthetonicsyllable.

15.BothEnglishandChinesedependonthecorrectpronunciationofstressedandunstressedsyllablesrecurringinthesamephraseorsentenceintheexpressionofideas.

16.Alloftheprefixcan’tbestressed,suchassubmitandtelegram.

17.Whenafunctionwordoccursattheendofasentence,italsokeepsweak.

18.Accordingtotheworkofvocalcords,[dӡ]isavoicedsound.

19.Vowelsareallvoiced.

20.InanEnglishutterance,stressedwordsgiveinformationtothelistenerandunstressedwordsjoininformationwordstogether.

IV.AnswerthefollowingquestionsandwriteyouranswersontheAnswerSheet.

1.Theintonationusedinquestion-tagscanhavearisingtoneorafallingtone,whichisshowedclearlyinthefollowingsentences.

A.They’recomingtomorrow,aren’tthey?

B.They’recomingtomorrow,aren’tthey?

（1）Dotheabovetwoutteranceshavethesamemeaning?

（2）Ifnot,explainthesemanticdifferencesbetweenthesetwoutterances.

2.WhatarethethreedegreesofstressinEnglish?

Definethemandillustratethemwithexamples.

答案

I.Multiplechoice

1-5CCDCD

II.Fillintheblanks.

1.[ə]2.liaison3.grammatical4.voicing5.lower

6.sense或者word7.unstressed8.nucleus9.stress10.plosive,nasal

11.falling-rising12.inter-dental13.firststressed14.[i:

],[e]15.[h]

16.phoneme17.12,8或者twelve,eight

III.TrueorFalse

1-5TTFTF6-10FFTTT11-15TFFTF16-20FFTTT

IV.AnswerthefollowingquestionsandwriteyouranswersontheAnswerSheet.

1.Theintonationusedinquestion-tagscanhavearisingtoneorafallingtone,whichisshowedclearlyinthefollowingsentences.

A.They’recomingtomorrow,aren’tthey?

B.They’recomingtomorrow,aren’tthey?

（3）Dotheabovetwoutteranceshavethesamemeaning?

（4）Ifnot,explainthesemanticdifferencesbetweenthesetwoutterances.

答案：

（1）Thesetwoutteranceshavetwodifferentmeanings.

（2）UtteranceAhasafallingtone,thespeakeriscomparativelycertainthattheinformationiscorrect,andsimplyaskingforconformation.

（3）UtteranceBhasarisingtone,thespeakerindicatesalesserdegreeofcertaintyandthespeakerisaskingforinformation.

2.WhatarethethreedegreesofstressinEnglish?

Definethemandillustratethemwithexamples.

（1）ThreedegreesofstresscanbefoundinEnglish:

primary,secondaryandzero.（3%）

（2）Primarystressreferstothestrongemphasisaspeakerputsonthemostimportantsyllableofaparticularword.Secondarystressreferstoalessstrongemphasisonthenextmostimportantsyllable.Zerostressreferstoanysyllablethatreceivesnostress,suchsyllablesarecalledunstressedsyllables.

（3）Inwordsliketimetable/'taim’teibl/andoperation/ɔpə'reiʃən/,allthreedegreesofstresscanbefound.

《实用英语语音》复习资料2

I.Multiplechoice

1.Whichofthefollowingwordsiswronglystressed?

A.nation'nalityB.ma'jorityC.'industrialD.'nominate

2.Howmanysyllablesarethereintheword“accompany”?

A.3B.4C.2D.5

3.Aunitisformedbyastressedsyllable,togetherwithunstressedsyllableswhichmaycomebeforethatstressand/orafterit.

A.rhythmB.toneC.intonationD.stressed

4.Thevowelswhichthetonguemovestowards[ə]arecalled_______.

A.centringdiphthongsB.cardinalvowels

C.triphthongsD.closingdiphthongs

5.AccordingthelinkingprincipleofEnglish,weshouldinsertin“theidea︶of”.

A.[j]B.[w]C.[r]D.[t]

6.WhenEnglishspeakersarespeaking,theyusuallydothefollowingexcept_______.

A.makesomepartsofwordsstrongerandclearerthanotherparts.

B.arrangewordsintogroupsandjointhemtogether

C.neverjoinpartsofthewordstogether

D.makesomewordsstrongerandclearerthanotherwords

7.InspokenEnglish,weblendorjointhefinalconsonantofonewordwiththeinitialvowelofthefollowingword,asin“post︶office”.Thisphenomenoniscalled______.

A.assimilationB.elisionC.linkingD.combination

8.Inwhichofthefollowingwords,the“ed”isproducedas[d]?

A.laughedB.changedC.wretchedD.naked

9.____referstothetotalpatternofpitchchanges,i.e.therisingandfallingofthevoicewhenapersonisspeaking,withinanutterance.

A.stressB.rhythmC.intonationD.tone

10.Whichwordisthenucleusofthesentence“IamWRItingaLETtertohimNOW.”whenitisnormallyused?

A.writeB.letterC.ID.now

11.NucleusplacingisimportantasEnglishspeakersusenucleustodothefollowingexcept_______.

A.Tofocuslistener’sattentionB.Tomakemeaningclear

C.TocontrastinformationD.Tomaketheutterancesoundsmooth

12.Anyunstressedsyllableorsyllablesthatmayprecedethe“head”,orthe“nucleus”ifthereisnohead,arecalledthe“”.

A.tailB.pre-headC.headD.nucleus

13.Ifthespeakerwhatstohighlightdirection,whichwordofthesentence“TheyflewtoLondon.”shouldhavethenucleus?

A.theyB.flewC.toD.London

14.Whichoftheunderlinedlettersisproduceddifferentlyfromothers?

A.hardwareB.declareC.apparentlyD.compare

15.Canyou︶askhimtocomebacktotheofficeateight?