高考英语阅读理解专项训练专项练习含答案.docx

高考英语阅读理解专项训练专项练习含答案.docx

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高考英语阅读理解专项训练专项练习含答案

2021年高考——英语阅读理解专项训练专项练习含答案

一、高考英语阅读理解专项训练

1．阅读理解

   Imagineaschoolwhereself-awarenessiscelebrated,studentsareencouragedtosolvemathsproblemsbywritingonthewallsandapplyinglearnedlessonstoreallifeismoreimportantthanhomework.TheseareafewoftheconceptsthatmakesSpaceofMindSchoolunique.

   Locatedinahomebuiltin1896inFlorida,US,theprogramservesstudentsingrades2through12andwillacceptkindergartenstudentsnextyear.Italsooffersanafter-schoolprogramforstudentswhoattendtraditionalschools,aswellaseveningprogramsforadultsandeducatorsandweekendeventsforfamilies.

   Thereisadifferentatmospherefromthatofatraditionalschoolbuilding.Tablesandbrightlycoloredwallsarewhiteboards.Inthescienceroom,studentsarestudyingclimatechangesataweatherstation,whileinthemusicroom,astudentissolvinganequation（等式）withhisacademiccoachwhileheconnectsmusictheoryandmaths.

   Thedailyscheduleattheschoolalsostandsout."Wedon'tassignboringorexhaustinghomework."saidSpaceofMindfounderandCEOAliKaufman."Insteadofhomework,weaskthattheygohomeandtakeavideoofthemselvesapplyingalessontheylearnedorcookingamealfortheirfamilythattheylearnedhowtomakeatschool."

   Forlunch,insteadoftraditionalcafeteriadishessuchaspizza,theschooloffersorganicmealsmadeoutofproductsfromlocalgardensandfarms."OurstudentsalsorunabusinessattheDelrayBeachGreenMarketonSaturdayssotheycanunderstandsustainablelivingpracticesandhowtorunabusiness,"Kafmansaid.

   "WearealsothefirstschoolprograminFloridatostartandendeachdaywith15minutesofmeditation（冥想）,"Kaufmansaid."Thepositiveresultswehavebeenseeinginthestudentsfrommeditationareamazing.Wearereallyaboutinfusingsocial,emotionalandcreativeskillswithacademicandlifeskills."

（1）SpaceofMindSchool_________.

A. assignsnohomework.                                     

B. urgesstudentstousewhattheylearn.

C. teachesstudentstoearnmoneyinclass.       

D. focusesonknowledgelearning.

（2）Whatcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraph?

A. YogaenjoysgreatpopularityinUS.                       

B. Thepracticeofmeditationisamazing.

C. Themeditationsessionlasts15minutesdaily.     

D. Thestudentsbenefitfrommeditation.

（3）Theunderlinedword"infusing"inthelastparagraphprobablymeans______.

A. emphasizing                       

B. checking                       

C. developing                       

D. helping

（4）Whatisthetextmainlyabout?

A. WhatmakesSpaceofMindSchooloutstanding.

B. WhySpaceofMindSchoolispopularinUS.

C. Howtheafter-classprogramsofspaceofMindSchoolareorganized.

D. HowSpaceofMindSchoolcultivatesstudents'lifeskills.

【答案】

（1）B

（2）D

（3）C

（4）A

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了SpaceofMindSchool一些独特的理念和做法。

这些使得SpaceofMindSchool与众不同。

（1）考查细节理解。

根据第一段"Imagineaschoolwhereself-awarenessiscelebrated,studentsareencouragedtosolvemathsproblemsbywritingonthewallsandapplyinglearnedlessonstoreallifeismoreimportantthanhomework.TheseareafewoftheconceptsthatmakesSpaceofMindSchoolunique."可知，SpaceofMindSchool推崇自我意识，学生们被鼓励通过在墙上写字来解决数学问题，并将学到的知识应用到实际生活中。

故选B。

（2）考查推理判断。

根据最后一段中的"Thepositiveresultswehavebeenseeinginthestudentsfrommeditationareamazing."可知，我们从学生的冥想中看到的积极结果是惊人的。

由此可知，冥想是有好处的。

故选D。

（3）考查词义猜测。

根据最后一段中的 "Thepositiveresultswehavebeenseeinginthestudentsfrommeditationareamazing."可知，冥想对学生有积极的影响。

再结合划线词后的skills可知，冥想可以"培养"学生的社交、情感和创新技能以及他们的学术和生活技能。

故选C。

（4）考查主旨大意。

第一段介绍了一些使得SpaceofMindSchool独一无二的理念。

第二段是对SpaceofMindSchool的简介。

第三段介绍的是SpaceofMindSchool与众不同的氛围。

第四段介绍的是它独特的日程安排。

第五段介绍的是其独特的午餐。

最后一段介绍了其首创的冥想活动。

这些都使得SpaceofMindSchool与众不同，独一无二。

综上，文章主要介绍了使得SpaceofMindSchool突出的因素。

故选A。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断，词义猜测和主旨大意四个题型的考查，是一篇文化类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。

2．阅读理解

   Theageofadulthoodisbydefinitionarbitrary.Ifeveryonematuredatthesame,fixedrate,itwouldn'tbeahumanprocess.Indeed,maturationhappensatvaryingspeedsacrossdifferentcategorieswithinthesameindividual,soI'dsayIwaseasilyoldenoughtovoteat16,butnobodyshouldhavegivenmeacreditcarduntilIwas32,andI'vegotthecountycourtjudgmenttoproveit.

   However,webroadlyagreethatthere'sadifferencebetweenachildandanadult,evenifwemightargueaboutthetransitionpoint.SothepoliticaltheoristDavidRunciman'sviewthatsix-year-oldsshouldbeallowedtovotegoesagainstanystandardargumentabouttheageofcivicresponsibility.Nobodywouldsaythatasix-year-oldcouldbeheldcriminallyresponsible,couldbesenttowar,couldbecapableofconsent,couldbegivenresponsibilityforanything.Soallowingthemthevote—alongwith,unavoidably,seven-year-oldswhoareevensillier,ifanything—isquiteanamusingproposal.

   Runciman'sargumentisthatthisistheonlywaytorebalancepoliticallife,whichiscurrentlytwistedinfavoroftheold,whodon't（headded）everneedtodemonstratementalcapacity,evenlongafterthey'velostit.

   Thefirstpartofhiscaseisself-evident:

pensionsareprotectedwhilechildren'scentersareclosed,conceptssuchassovereignty（最高权威）areprioritizedoverthefarmoreurgentbusinessofthefuture:

climatechange.Nostalgia（怀念）forapasttheyoungwouldn'tevenrecognizeplaysacentralrole,whichiscompletelyunfair.

   Mostoftheargumentsagainstgivingsix-year-oldsavotearethatchildrenwouldendupvotingforsomethingdamagingandchaotic,ifsomeonemadeunrealisticpromisestothem,whichcouldneverberealized.Well,it'snotchildren'sfault.

   Havingsaidthat,childrendotendtowardstheprogressive,havinganaturalsenseofjustice（whichkicksinattheageofsixmonths,psychologistshaveshown,bycreatingscenesofgreatunfairnesstobabies,andmakingthemcry）andanunderdevelopedsenseofself-interest.Mykid,whenhewassix,madequiteaforcefulcaseagainstprivateproperty,onthebasisthat,sinceeverybodyneededahouse,theyshouldn'tcostmoney,becausenobodywouldwantanyoneelsenottohaveone.Also,foodshouldbefree.Itwasakindofpre-Marxcommunism,whereyoulimitthecoverageofthemarkettoonlythosethingsthatyouwouldn'tmindsomeoneelsenothaving.

   Onthatparticularday,whenwewereregisteredasvoters,mykidwasquitefartotheleftofme,butinthenormalrunofthings,we'reunited,whichbringsustothepointoftheproblem:

childrenobeyyouonalmostnothing,buttheydoseemtobelieveinyourpoliticsuntilthey'readolescent.Sogivingkidsthevoteisreallyjustawayofgivingparentsextravotes.Andwhatcanstopushavingevenmorechildren,oncethere'ssomuchenfranchisement（选举权）initforus?

   Now,ifparentscouldbetrustedtousetheirinfluencewisely,andhammerintochildrenthepoliticsitwilltaketoassureabetterfuture,thenIwouldn'tnecessarilyhaveaproblemwiththat,apartfrom,obviously,thatcultureisalreadywildlytwistedtowardsparents,andIcanimagineafewnon-parentsboilingwithfierceanger.Butthat'snotworthtalkingaboutanyway,becauseparentscan'tbetrusted,otherwisewe'dallalreadyvoteGreen（绿党）.

   Inshort:

no,six-year-oldsshouldnotgetthevote;butwhilewe'rehere,ifanyvotescomeupinthenearfuture,whichwillhaveanimpactonthenextfivedecadesofBritishpoliticallife,alongsideEUmigrants,16-year-oldscertainlyshouldbeenfranchised.

（1）Theauthorreferstohisageofadulthoodtoprovethat________.

A. certainrightsaregrantedatdifferentstagesoflife

B. there'sacommonstandardfortheageofadulthood

C. peoplematureatdifferentratesinvariousaspects

D. acreditcardismoredifficulttogetthanthevote

（2）PeoplerejectDavidRunciman'sproposalbecause________.

A. theybelievechildrenarefarfrommatureinmanyways

B. theyareuncertainwhetherchildrencanassumeresponsibility

C. theyknowtheagetogetthevoteisnottobequestioned

D. theydon'tthinkachildcangrowintoadulthoodearlier

（3）WhatisthebaseforDavidRunciman'sargument?

A. Publicignoranceofchildren'sabilities.          

B. Inequalitiesofopportunity.

C. Aculturalpreferencefortheold.                    D. Theimbalanceinpoliticallife.

（4）Theauthortalksabouthiskidtoindicatethat________.

A. childrenareinfavorofajustsocietyandtendtobeidealistic

B. childrenareinnocentanddon'twanttobeinvolvedinpolitics

C. childrenaresimple-mindedandcanfallforanadult'strick

D. childrenaregood-naturedandliketohelppeopleinneed

（5）Theauthorthinksallowingchildrenthevotemayleadto________.

A. twistedculture       

B. parents'objections       

C. misuseofrights       

D. unusualmaturation

（6）Whatisthemainpointofthepassage?

A. Thereisadifferencebetweenadultsandchildren.

B. Allowingchildrenthevoteisnotaltogetherabsurd.

C. Thedefinitionofadulthoodisquitecontroversial.

D. Parentsshouldintroducepoliticstotheirchildren.

【答案】

（1）C

（2）A

（3）D

（4）A

（5）C

（6）B

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇议论文，讲述了儿童成熟的速度是不同，所以作者认为允许儿童投票的提议并不完全是荒谬的，如果将对未来50年的英国政治生活产生影响，16岁的孩子应该被授予选举权。

（1）考查细节理解。

根据第一段中的“Indeed,maturationhappensatvaryingspeedsacrossdifferentcategorieswithinthesameindividual,soI'dsayIwaseasilyoldenoughtovoteat16,butnobodyshouldhavegivenmeacreditcarduntilIwas32,andI'vegotthecountycourtjudgmenttoproveit.”可知，作者以他的成熟年龄来证明人们在各个方面的成熟速度是不一样的。

故选C。

（2）考查推理判断。

根据第二段中的“Nobodywouldsaythatasix-year-oldcouldbeheldcriminallyresponsible,couldbesenttow