专题11新高考英语拓展阅读训练人与动物或植物解析版.docx
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专题11新高考英语拓展阅读训练人与动物或植物解析版
专题11—人与动物或植物
Text1(2020年全国统一高考英语试卷(新课标Ⅱ))
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出最佳选项。
Whenyouweretryingtofigureoutwhattobuyfortheenvironmentalistonyourholidaylist,furprobablydidn’tcrossyourmind.Butsomeecologistsandfashion(时装)enthusiastsaretryingtobringbackthemarketforfurmadefromnutria(海狸鼠).
UnusualfashionshowsinNewOrleansandBrooklynhaveshowcasednutriafurmadeintoclothesindifferentstyles.“Itsoundscrazytotalkaboutguilt-freefur-unlessyouunderstandthatthenutriaaredestroyingvastwetlandseveryyear”,saysCreeMcCree,projectdirectorofRighteousFur.
ScientistsinLouisianaweresoconcernedthattheydecidedtopayhunters$5atail.SomeofthefurendsupinthefashionshowsliketheoneinBrooklynlastmonth.
NutriawerebroughttherefromArgentinabyfurfarmersandletgointothewild.“Theecosystemdowntherecan’thandlethisnon-nativespecies(物种).It’sdestroyingtheenvironment.It’sthemorus.”saysMichaelMassimi,anexpertinthisfield.
Thefurtradekeptnutriaincheckfordecades,butwhenthemarketfornutriacollapsedinthelate1980s,thecat-sizedanimalsmultipliedlikecrazy.
BiologistEdmondMoutonrunsthenutriacontrolprogramforLouisiana.Hesaysit’snoteasytoconvincepeoplethatnutriafurisgreen,buthehasnodoubtaboutit.Huntersbringinmorethan300,000nutriatailsayear,sopartofMouton’sjobthesedaysistryingtopromotefur.
Thenthere’sRighteousFuranditsunusualfashion.ModelPaigeMorgansays,”Togivepeopleaguilt-freeoptionthattheycanwearwithoutsomeonethrowingpaintonthem-1thinkthat’sgoingtobeamassivething,atleasthereinNewYork.”DesignerJenniferAndersonadmitsittookherawhiletocomearoundtotheopinionthatusingnutriafurforhercreationsismorallyacceptable.Shetryingtocomeupwithalabletoattachtonutriafashionstoshowitiseco-friendly.
28.WhatisthepurposeofthefashionshowsinNewOrleansandBrooklyn?
A.Topromoteguilt-freefur.
B.Toexpandthefashionmarket.
C.Tointroduceanewbrand.
D.Tocelebrateawinterholiday.
29.Whyarescientistsconcernedaboutnutria?
A.Nutriadamagetheecosystemseriously.
B.Nutriaareanendangeredspecies.
C.Nutriahurtlocalcat-sizedanimals.
D.Nutriaareillegallyhunted.
30.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“collapsed”inparagraph5probablymean?
A.Boomed.B.Becamemature.C.Remainedstable.D.Crashed.
31.WhatcanweinferaboufwearingfurinNewYorkaccordingtoMorgan?
A.It’sformal.B.It’srisky.C.It’sharmful.D.It’straditional.
【答案】28.A29.A30.D31.B
【解析】
本文是说明文。
介绍了美国新奥良和布鲁克林举办了不同寻常的时装秀。
展出海狸鼠制成的皮衣。
海狸鼠们每年都在破坏大片的湿地,因此设计师称这是一种环保的举措,科学家们也对海狸鼠损坏生态平衡表示了担忧。
28.
推理判断题。
根据第二段UnusualfashionshowsinNewOrleansandBrooklynhaveshowcasednutriafurmadeintoclothesindifferentstyles.“Itsoundscrazytotalkaboutguilt-freefur-unlessyouunderstandthatthenutriaaredestroyingvastwetlandseveryyear,”saysCreeMcCree,projectdirectorofRighteousFur.得知,美国新奥尔良和布鲁克林举办了不同寻常的时装秀,时装秀上展出海狸鼠皮制成的不同风格的衣服,项目总监CreeMcCree说:
“除非了解海狸鼠正每年破坏大片湿地,否则谈论无罪感皮衣是很疯狂的事情”,可以判断出由于海狸鼠对生态造成了巨大的破坏,这场海狸鼠皮衣时装秀销售的是无罪恶感皮衣。
故选A。
29.
推理判断题。
根据第三段ScientistsinLouisianaweresoconcernedthattheydecidedtopayhunters$5atail.得知,科学家们如此担心以至于他们决定按照一条海狸鼠尾巴付给猎人们5美元,可以推断出科学家们担忧海狸鼠们严重破坏生态平衡,。
故选A。
30.
词义猜测题。
根据第五段Thefurtradekeptnutriaincheckfordecades,butwhenthemarketfornutriacollapsedinthelate1980s,thecat-sizedanimalsmultipliedlikecrazy.得知,毛皮贸易使海狸鼠受到了几十年的控制,但是当海狸鼠市场在20世纪80年代末崩溃时,这种猫大小的动物数量疯长,根据but判断,这是转折关系,以前由于皮毛交易,海狸鼠处于控制,现在这种海狸鼠之所以能够数量激增,是由于市场不再销售海狸鼠皮毛导致的,可以推断出划线词collapsed是和D.crashed倒闭的意思最相近。
故选D。
31.
推理判断题。
根据第二段ModelPaigeMorgansays,“Togivepeopleaguilt–freeoptionthattheycanwearwithoutsomeonethrowingpaintonthem-Ithinkthat’sgoingtobeamassivething,atleastinNewYork.”得知,为了给人们一种无罪的选择,人们可以穿皮衣而不被人们泼油漆,我认为在纽约将是一件巨大的事情,根据模特摩根所说得知,在纽约穿皮质衣服是有风险的。
故选B。
Text2(2020年全国统一高考英语试卷(新课标Ⅲ))
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出最佳选项。
When“RiseofthePlanetoftheApes”wasfirstshowntothepubliclastmonth,agroupofexcitedanimalactivistsgatheredonHollywoodBoulevard.Buttheyweren’ttheretothrowredpaintonfur-coat-wearingfilmstars.Instead,oneactivist,dressedinafull-bodymonkeysuit,hadarrivedwithasignpraisingthefilmmakers:
“Thanksfornotusingrealapes(猿)!
”
Thecreativeteambehind“Apes”usedmotion-capture(动作捕捉)technologytocreatedigitalizedanimals,spendingtensofmillionsofdollarsontechnologythatrecordsanactor’sperformanceandlaterprocessesitwithcomputergraphicstocreateafinalimage(图像).Inthiscase,oneofarealistic-lookingape.
Yet“Apes”ismoreexceptionthantherule.Infact,Hollywoodhasbeenhotonliveanimalslately.Onenonprofitorganization,whichmonitorsthetreatmentofanimalsinfilmedentertainment,iskeepingtabsonmorethan2,000productionsthisyear.Already,anumberoffilms,including“WaterforElephants,”“TheHangoverPartⅡ”and“Zookeeper,”havedrawntheangerofactivistswhosaythecreaturesactinginthemhaven’tbeentreatedproperly.
Insomecases,it’snotsomuchthetreatmentoftheanimalsonsetinthestudiothathasactivistsworried;it’stheoff-settrainingandlivingconditionsthatareraisingconcerns.AndtherearequestionsaboutthefilmsmadeoutsidetheStates,whichsometimesarenotmonitoredascloselyasproductionsfilmedintheStates.
24.WhydidtheanimalactivistsgatheronHollywoodBoulevard?
A.Toseefamousfilmstars.
B.Toopposewearingfurcoats.
C.Toraisemoneyforanimalprotection.
D.Toexpressthankstosomefilmmakers.
25.Whatdoesparagraph2mainlytalkabout?
A.Thecostofmaking“Apes.”
B.Thecreationofdigitalizedapes.
C.Thepublicityabout“Apes.”
D.Theperformanceofrealapes.
26.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“keepingtabson”inparagraph3probablymean?
A.Listingcompletely.
B.Directingprofessionally.
C.Promotingsuccessfully.
D.Watchingcarefully.
27.Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraphaboutanimalactors?
A.Theymaybebadlytreated.
B.Theyshouldtakefurthertraining.
C.Theycouldbetradedillegally
D.Theywouldlosepopularity.
【答案】24.D25.B26.D27.A
【解析】这是一篇新闻报道。
短文报道了电影“猩球崛起”上个月首次与公众见面。
动物爱好者聚集在好莱坞前,感谢电影制作者,在电影拍摄时,没有使用真的类人猿。
现在的动物拍摄使用的是数字化人猿的创造技术,而一些电影的拍摄却存在着虐地动物的现象,这让一个非盈利的组织密切关注此事。
但有些拍摄也是不能够被监测到的。
24.
细节理解题。
根据第一段“Instead,oneactivist,dressedinafull-bodymonkeysuit,hadarrivedwithasignpraisingthefilmmakers:
“Thanksfornotusingrealapes”可知,相反,一名身穿全套猴服的活动人士来到现场,手里拿着一块牌子,称赞电影制作人:
“感谢你们不用真正的猿猴。
所以动物保护者聚集在好莱坞大道是为了向电影制作者表示感谢。
故选D项。
25.
主旨大意题。
根据第二段“Thecreativeteambehind"Apes"usedmotion-capture(动作捕捉)technologytocreatedigitalizedanimals,spendingtensofmillionsofdollarsontechnologythatIrecordsanactor’sperformanceandlaterprocessesitwithcomputergraphicstocreateafinalimage(图像).”可知,“人猿”背后的创作团队利用动作捕捉技术创造数字化的动物,在记录演员表演的技术上,花费数千万美元,然后用电脑图形处理,以产生最终的影像。
由此可知,第二段主要是关于数字化人猿的创造。
故选B项。
26.
词句猜测题。
根据第三段划线前的句子“Onenonprofitorganization,whichmonitorsthetreatmentoranimalsinfilmedentertainment”(一个非营利组织,监控动物在电影娱乐中的待遇)以及下文Already,anumberoffilms,including"WaterforElephants,""TheHangoverPartⅡ"and"Zookeeper,"havedrawntheangerofactivistswhosaythecreaturesactinginthemhaven’tbeentreatedproperly.(许多电影,包括“大象的眼泪”,“宿醉Ⅱ”和“管理员”,引起了动物保护人士的愤怒,他们说影片中的动物没有遭到很好的对待。
)由此可知,其中一家监控动物待遇的非营利组织,今年正密切关注着2000多部影片。
由此判断出,划线词的意思是“密切关注”。
故选D项。
27.
推理判断题。
根据最后一段Insomecases,it’snotsomuchthetreatmentoftheanimalsonsetinthestudiothathasactivistsworried;it’stheoff-settrainingandlivingconditionsthatareraisingconcerns.AndtherearequestionsaboutthefilmsmadeoutsidetheStates,whichsometimesarenotmonitoredascloselyasproductionsfilmedintheSates.”(在某些情况下,让活动人士担心的并不是电影棚里对动物的待遇;让人担忧的是训练和生活条件。
还有一些关于在美国以外拍摄的电影的问题,这些电影有时不像在美国拍摄的电影那样受到严密的监控。
)可知,在某些情况下,让活动人士担心的并不是工作室里动物的待遇;令人担忧的是训练和生活条件。
由此判断出动物演员可能受到虐待。
故选A项。
Text3(2020年浙江卷7月)
阅读下面短文,根据所给情节进行续写,使之构成一个完整的故事。
Onefall,mywifeElliandIhadasinglegoal:
tophotographpolarbears.Wewerestayingataresearchcampoutside“thepolarbearcapitaloftheworld”—thetownofChurchillinManitoba,Canada.
Takingpicturesofpolarbearsisamazingbutalsodangerous.Polarbears—likeallwildanimals—shouldbephotographedfromasafedistance.WhenI’mfacetofacewithapolarbear,Ilikeittobethroughacamerawithatelephotolens.Butsometimes,thatiseasiersaidthandone.Thiswasoneofthosetimes.
AsElliandIcookeddinner,ayoungmalepolarbearwhowasplayinginanearbylakesniffed,andsmelledourgarlicbread.
Thehungrybearfollowedhisnosetoourcamp,whichwassurroundedbyahighwirefence.Hepulledandbitthewire.Hestoodonhisbacklegsandpushedatthewoodenfenceposts.
Terrified,ElliandItriedallthebeardefenseactionsweknew.Weyelledatthebear,hitpotshard,andfiredblankshotgunshellsintotheair.Sometimesloudnoiseslikethesewillscarebearsoff.Notthispolarbearthough—hejustkepttryingtoteardownthefencewithhismassivepaws(爪子).
Iradioedthecampmanagerforhelp.Hetoldmeahelicopterwasonitsway,butitwouldbe30minutesbeforeitarrived.Makingthebestofthiscloseencounter(相遇),Itooksomepicturesofthebear.
ElliandIfearedthefencewouldn’tlastthrough30moreminutesofthebear’spunishment.ThecampmanagersuggestedIusepepperspray.Thesprayburnsthebears’eyes,butdoesn’thurtthem.SoIapproachedouruninvitedguestslowlyand,throughthefence,sprayedhimintheface.Withanangryroar(吼叫),thebearrantothelaketowashhiseyes.
注意:
1.所续写短文的词数应为150左右;
2.至少使用5个短文中标有下划线的关键词语;
3.续写部分分为两段,每段的开头语已为你写好;
4.续写完成后,请用下划线标出你所使用的关键词语。
Afewminuteslater,thebearheadedback