操作系统全英文期末考试题(带答案).doc

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操作系统全英文期末考试题(带答案).doc

XX大学2011——2012学年第一学期

《 操作系统 》期末考试试题(A)

考试注意事项

考试

课程

考试时间

年月日

题号

总分

满分

得分

阅卷

教师

一.选择题(20分,每题1分)

1.Generallyspeaking,whichoneisnotthemajorconcernforaoperatingsysteminthefollowingfouroptions?

(D)

A.Managethecomputer

B.Managethesystemresources

C.Designandapplytheinterfacebetweenuser'sprogramandcomputerhardwaresystem

D.High-levelprogramminglanguagecomplier

2.Themaindisadvantageofbatchsystemis(C)

A.CPUutilizationislow

B.Cannotconcurrent

C.Lackofinteraction

D.Lowdegreeofautomation

3.Aprocesstransformsfromwaitingstatetoreadystateiscausedbythe(B)

A.Interruptevent

B.Processscheduling

C.Createaprocessforaprogram

D.Waitingforsomeevents

4.Theconcurrentprocessisrefersto(C)

A.Theprocesscanberuninparallel

B.Theprocesscanberuninorder

C.Theprocesscanberuninthesametime

D.Theprocesscannotbeinterrupted

5.Inmulti-processsystem,inordertoensuretheintegrityofpublicvariables,theprocessesshouldbemutuallyexclusiveaccesstocriticalareas.Theso-calledcriticalareais(D)

A.Abuffer

B.Adatearea

C.Synchronizationmechanism

D.Aprogram

6.Theorderlyuseofresourcesallocationstrategycandestroythecondition(D)toavoiddeadlock.

A.Mutualexclusive

B.Holdandwait

C.Nopreemption

D.Circularwait

7.User'sapplicationsusethesystemresourcestocompleteitsoperationbythesupportandservicesof(C)

A.clickingthemouse

B.Keyboardcommand

C.Systemcall

D.Graphicaluserinterface

8.Therearefourjobsarrivedatthesametimeandtheexecutiontimeofeachjobis2h.Nowtheyrunononeprocessoratsinglechannel,thentheaverageturnaroundtimeis(B)

A.1h

B.5h

C.2.5h

D.8h

9.Amongthejobschedulingalgorithms,(B)isrelatedtothejob'sestimatedrunningtime.

A.FCFSschedulingalgorithm

B.Short-job-firstschedulingalgorithm

C.Highresponseratioalgorithm

D.Balancedscheduling

10.Inmemorymanagement,thepurposeofusingtheoverlayandswappingis(C)

A.Sharingmainmemory

B.Expandingmainmemoryphysically

C.Savingmainmemoryspace

D.ImprovingCPUutilization

11.Inthepage-replacementalgorithm,whichonecancausetheBeladyphenomenon?

(A)

A.FIFO

B.LRU

C.CLOCKING

D.OPT

12.Thefollowingdescriptionofthesysteminsafestate,whichoneiscorrect?

(B)

A.Itmustcausedeadlockifthesystemisininsecurestate

B.Itmaycausedeadlockifthesystemisininsecurestate

C.Itmaycausedeadlockifthesystemisinsecurestate

D.Allarewrong

13.Generally,whenwetalkabout"MemoryProtection",thebasicmeaningis(C)

A.Preventhardwarememoryfromdamaging

B.Preventprogramfromlosinginmemory

C.Preventthecross-bordercallbetweenprograms

D.Preventtheprogramfrombeingpeeped

14.Theactualcapacityofvirtualmemoryisequalto(B)

A.Thecapacityofexternalmemory(disk)

B.Thesumofthecapacityofexternalmemoryandmainmemory

C.ThespacethattheCPUlogicaladdressgives

D.ThesmalleronebetweentheoptionBandC

15.Physicalfile'sorganizationisdeterminedby(D)

A.Applications

B.Mainmemorycapacity

C.Externalmemorycapacity

D.Operatingsystem

16.Acomputersystemisconfiguredwithtwoplottersandthreeprinters,inordertoproperlydrivethesedevices,systemshouldprovide(C)devicedriverprogram.

A.5

B.3

C.2

D.1

17.Whentherearefewernumberofchannelsinsystem,itmaycause"bottlenecks”.Tosolvethisproblem,whichofthefollowoptionsisnottheeffectiveway?

(A)

A.improvingthespeedofCPU

B.Usingthevirtualdevicetechnology

C.Addingsomehardwarebufferonthedevices

D.Increasingthepathbetweendevicesandchannels

18.WhenI/Odevicesandmainmemoryareexchangingdata,itcanbeachievedwithoutCPU'sfrequentlyintervention,thiswayofexchangingdataiscalled(C)

A.Polling

B.Interrupts

C.Directmemoryaccess

D.Noneofthem

19.Thefollowingdescriptionofdevicemanagement,whichoneisnotcorrect?

(B)

A.Allexternaldevicesaremanagedbythesysteminuniform

B.Channelisasoftwareofcontrollinginputandoutput

C.TheI/OinterrupteventsfromtheI/Ochannelaremanagedbydevicemanagement

D.Oneoftheresponsibilityoftheoperatingsystemistousethehardwareeffectively

20.Theoperatingsystemused(A),itrealizedamechanismthatwecanusemorespacetosavemoretime.

A.SPOOLING

B.Virtualstorage

C.Channel

D.Overlay

二.填空题(20分,每空1分)

1.Softwaremaytriggeraninterruptbyexecutingaspecialoperationcalledasystemcall.(P7)

2.Ifthereisonlyonegeneral-purposeCPU,thenthesystemisasingle-processorsystem.(p12)

3.Aprocesscanbethoughtofasaprograminexecution.(p79)

4.Asaprocessexecutes,itchangesstate.Eachprocessmaybeinoneofthefollowingstates:

new,running,waiting,readyorterminated.(p83)

5.Long-term(job)schedulingistheselectionofprocessesthatwillbeallowedtocontendfortheCPU.AndShort-term(CPU)schedulingistheselectionofoneprocessfromthereadyqueue.(p116)

6.Theprocessexecutingintheoperatingsystemmaybeeitherindependentprocessesorcooperatingprocesses.Cooperatingprocessesrequireaninterprocesscommunicationmechanismtocommunicatewitheachother.Principally,communicationisachievedthroughtwoschemes:

sharememoryandmessagepassing.(p116)

7.Inmodernoperatingsystems,resourceallocationunitisprocess,processorschedulingunitisthread.(p127)

8.Mostmodernoperatingsystemsprovidekernelsupportforthreads;amongtheseareWindows,aswellasSolarisandLinux.(p146)

9.CPUschedulingisthebasisofmultiprogrammedoperatingsystems.(p153)

10.TheFCFSalgorithmisnonpreemptive;theRRalgorithmispreemptive.

11.Sometimes,awaitingprocessisneveragainabletochangestate,becausetheresourcesithasrequestedareheldbyotherwaitingprocesses.Thissituationiscalleddeadlock.(p245)

12.Themainpurposeofacomputersystemistoexecuteprograms.Theseprograms,togetherwiththedatatheyaccess,mustbeinmainmemory(atleastpartially)duringexecution.(P274)

13.Thevariousmemory-managementalgorithmsdifferinmanyaspects.Incomparingdifferentmemory-managementstrategies,weusethefollowconsiderations:

Hardwaresupport,Performance,Fragmentation,Relocation,

Swapping,Sharingandprotection.(p310)

14.Aprocessisthrashingifitisspendingmoretimepagingthanexecuting.

15.Virtualmemoryisatechniquethatenablesustomapalargelogicaladdressspaceontoasmallerphysicalmemory.(p365)

16.Whenwesolvethemajorproblemsofpagereplacementandframeallocation,theproperdesignofapagingsystemrequiresthatweconsiderpagesize,I/O,locking,processcreation,programstructure,andotherissues.(p366)

17.Theoperatingsystemabstractsfromthephysicalpropertiesofitsstoragedevicestodefinealogicalstorageunit,thefile.(p373)

18.Sincefilesarethemaininformation-storagemechanisminmostcomputersystem,fileprotectionisneeded.(p408)

19.Theseektimeisthetimeforthediskarmtomovetheheadstothecylindercontainingthedesiredsector.(P457)

20.ThehardwaremechanismthatenablesadevicetonotifytheCPUiscalledaninterrupt.(p499)

三.简答题(30分,每题6分)

1.Whatistheoperatingsystem?

Whatroledoestheoperatingsystemplayinacomputer?

开放题,解释操作系统概念,操作系统可以实现哪些基本功能?

关键词:

a.管理系统资源,控制程序运行,改善人机界面,为其他应用软件提供支持。

b.基本功能:

进程与处理机管理、作业管理、存储管理、设备管理、文件管理。

2.TherearefivejobsA,B,C,D,Etoberunning,eachoftheestimatedrunningtimeofA,B,C,D,Eis9,6,3,5,x.Writedowntheirrunningorderwhichhastheshortestaveragewaitingtime?

由于短作业优先调度算法可以使作业的平均周转时间最短,同样使平均等待时间最短,所以采用段作业优先算法。

下面对x的取值进行讨论:

当0

当3

当5<=x<=6时,作业的运行顺序应该为C,D,E,B,A;

当6

当x>9时,作业的运行顺序应该为C,D,B,A,E

3.Whatisthecriteriaofselectingaproperprocessschedulingalgorithm?

由于各种调度算法都有自己的特性,因此,很难评价哪种算法是最好的。

一般说来,选择算法时可以考虑如下一些原则:

①CPU利用率(CPUutilization);

②吞吐量(Throughput);

③等待时间(waitingtime);

④响应时间(responsetime)。

⑤周转时间(Turnaroundtime)

在选择调度算法前,应考虑好采用的准则,当确定准则后,通过对各种算法的评估,从中选择出最合适的算法。

4.Explainthefollowingterms:

1)Systemcalls

2)Virtualmemory

3)Addressrelocation

1)系统调用提供了应用程序和操作系统的接口。

系统调用把应用程序的请求传给内核,调用相应的的内核函数完成所需的处理,将处理结果返回给应用程序。

2)虚拟存储器是指一种实际上并不存在的虚假存储器,它是系统为了满足应用对存储器容量的巨大需求而构造的一个非常大的地址空间,从而使用户在编程时无须担心存储器的不足,就好像有一个无限大的存储器供其使用一样。

3)指当程序装入到与其逻辑地址不同的主存空间时,将程序地址空间的逻辑地址变换为主存空间的物理地址的变换过程。

5.Whatfunctionsdoyouthinkthefilesystemcanrealize?

Pleaseuseyourownwords.

(1)提供方便的文件系统应用接口;

(2)将逻辑文件映射为物理文件;

(3)管理文件存储空间的使用;

(4)保证文件存储的安全性和可靠性。

四.应用题(30分,每题10分)

1.Thereisatickethallcanaccommodate100people.Ifitislessthan100peopleinthehall,buyerscangointoandbuytickets,thenleavethehall.Iftherehas100people,thenbuyersshouldwaitoutsidethehall.Nowpleaseanswerthefollowingquestions:

(1)Isitsynchronizationormutualexclusionbetweenthebuyers?

(2)Describetheprocessofbuyerswithwait()andsignal()operation.

A:

(1)购票者直接是互斥关系。

(2)一个售票厅可容纳100人购票,说明最多允许100人共享售票厅;可引入一个信号量empty,初值为100.由于购票者必须是互斥地进行购票,故应再设一个mutex,初值为1。

用wait()和signal()表达如下:

empty,mutex:

semaphore;

empty:

=100;mutex:

=1;

begin:

wait(empty);

wait(mutex);

进入购票,购票后退出

signal(empty);

signal(mutex);

end

2.Inacomputersystem,thereisoneCPUandtwoexternaldevicesIO1andIO2,nowthreejobsJ1,J2andJ3arealreadyinthemainmemorytoberun,thepriorityofthemisJ1>J2>J3.TheorderandtimetheyusetheCPUanddevicesareasfollowing:

J1:

IO2(30ms),

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