《特殊句式》.ppt

《特殊句式》.ppt

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高考英语语法专题复习,15特殊句式,强调句型及其它表达强调的方法；各种倒装句；反意疑问句、祈使句、感叹句。

本专题内容知识性强，主要关涉语言形式，但从以上数据看，在重视对语言的意义和功能考查的同时，高考并未完全放弃对语言形式的考查。

并在将来的考试中，将会继续保留这些题目。

突破方法：

加强语法专项练习，尤其是强调和倒装，一定要反复练习，确保记忆的准确和全面。

不可单纯机械地记忆，理解才是真正学好语法的关键。

强调,ItisI_wrong.whoisB.thatisC.whoamD.am,强调句型为Itis/was+who/that如强调句型指现在或未来的情况用Itis,指过去用Itwas.被强调部分为人强调词可用who也可用that。

被强调部分是主语时要注意主谓一致。

被强调部分为人称代词时，原句用什么格,强调句也用什么格。

强调,2.Itis_heoftenbreakstheschoolrules_makeshisheadteacherunsatisfiedwithhim.what;thatB.that;thatC.that;whatD./;that,Thatheoftenbreakstheschoolrulesmakeshisheadteacherunsatisfiedwithhim.,被强调部分往往为句子的主语、宾语、时间状语、地点状语等，但有时也可以强调比较复杂的内容。

如时间状语从句、地点状语从句、notuntil结构、notonlybutalso和aswellas等结构。

强调,3.ItwasonlywhenIrereadhispoemsrecently_Ibegantoappreciatetheirbeauty.A.thatB.whenC.whichD./,IbegantoappreciatetheirbeautyonlywhenIrereadhispoemsrecently.,被强调部分为时间状语、地点状语、或原因状语时不可误用when,where或why，强调词只可用that。

ItwasinthestreetthatImethimyesterday.Itwasbecausehewasillthathewaslate.,强调,4.-Wasitin1969_theAmericanastronautsucceeded_landingonthemoon?

-Yes,thatsright.A.when;onB.that;onC.which;inD.that;in,In1969theAmericanastronautsucceededinlandingonthemoon.,Itwas1969whentheAmericanastronautsucceededinlandingonthemoon.,强调句型的一般疑问句结构IsWasitwhothat?

e.g.WasitduringtheSecondWorldWarthathedied?

强调,5.Why!

Ihavenothingtoconfess._youwantmetosay?

A.WhatisitthatB.WhatitisthatC.HowisitthatD.Howitisthat,强调句型的特殊疑问句结构特殊疑问词+iswasitwhothat?

Wherewasitthatyoufoundyourlostpen?

Whowasitthatbrokethewindow?

强调,6.-Ithinkwehavemetthewordbefore.-Yes.Itmightbeinthereadingmaterial_we_readingyesterday.A.that;didB.that;wereC.when;wereD.when;did,强调句型Itiswaswho/that中iswas前面可用mustmaymight等表推测的情态动词修饰。

Itmightbeinhisroomthathemether.Wherecoulditbethathemether?

强调,7.Itwas_backhomeaftertheexperiment.A.NotuntilmidnightdidhegoB.untilmidnightthathedidntgoC.notuntilmidnightthathewentD.untilmidnightwhenhedidntgo,Hedidntgobackhomeaftertheexperimentuntilmidnight.,对由until引起的短语或从句强调，要注意否定前移。

结构是：

Itis/wasnotuntilthat,强调,8.Itwastwoyears_hecamebackfromabroad.A.beforeB.whenC.thatD.after,ItwastwoyearsagothatIbegantolearnEnglish.ItistwoyearssinceIbegantolearnEnglish.,1.Ihavealwaysbeenhonestandstraightforward,anditdoesntmatter_Imtalkingto.A.whoisitB.whoitisC.itiswhoD.itiswhom,EXERCISES,B,2.Itwaswithgreatjoy_hereceivedthenewsthathislostdaughterhadbeenfound.A.becauseB.whichC.sinceD.that,D,3.Itwasthere,thepolicebelieve,_shewasabletoactivatetherecordershekeptinherbag.A.untilB.whichC.thatD.when,EXERCISES,C,4.Ireallydontknow_Ihadmymoneystolen.A.whenwasitthatB.thatitwaswhenC.whereitwasthatD.itwaswherethat,C,EXERCISES,5.ItisbecauseEnglishisbeingwidelyusedatpresent_.A.whywelearnithardB.thatwelearnithardC.whichwemustlearnD.whenweshouldlearn,强调,1用助动词“do（doesdid）动词原形”来表示强调：

（只能用于一般现在时和一般过去时的肯定句中）Hedoesknowtheplacewell他的确很熟悉这个地方。

Hedidcomehereyesterday.Dowritetomewhenyougetthere你到那儿后务必给我来信,强调,2用形容词very，only，single，such等修饰名词或形容词来加强语气：

Thatstheverytextbookweusedlastterm这正是我们上学期用过的教材。

YouaretheonlypersonherewhocanspeakChineseNotasinglepersonhasbeenintheshopthismorning今天上午这个商店里连一个人都没有。

Howdareyoubuysuchexpensivejewels？

你怎么敢买这么贵的宝石呢？

强调,3用intheworld，onearth，atall等介词短语可以表达更强的语气（常用于疑问句）：

Whereintheworldcouldhebe？

他到底会在哪儿？

Whatonearthisit？

它究竟是什么？

Doyouknowatall？

你到底知不知道？

4用感叹句来表示强烈的感情，突出说话人的情感：

Howinterestingastoryitis！

这是一个多么有趣的故事啊！

Oh，whatalie！

啊，真是弥天大谎！

强调,5用倒装句（也就是将要强调的句子或被强调的部分置于句首）来加强语气：

Onthetableweresomeflowers桌上摆着一些花。

（强调地点）ManyatimehaveIclimbedthathill我多次翻过那座山。

Onlyinthisway，canwesolvethisproblem只有这样，我们才能解决这个问题。

1.I_seehimyesterday.A.reallyB.doC.didD.does,EXERCISES,C,2._becarefulwhencrossingthestreet!

A.MustB.ShouldC.OughttoD.Do,D,3.Notasingleword_lastnight.A.hesaidB.saidheC.didhesayD.hadhesaid,C,4.What_didyoumean?

A.reallyB.ontheearthC.intheworldD.inearth,C,1、therebe句型,Thereisatalltreeinfrontoftheclassroom.,Therearemanydesksandchairsintheroom.,Thereisapen,twobooksandmanypencilsonthedesk.,Therewereoncesometalltreesaroundthehouse.,1.全部倒装的情况:

倒装,Therebe结构中的be可以有不同的时态，而且可以和各种助动词或情态动词连用。

Therewasameetinginourschoolyesterday.,TherewillbeanewfilmshownonSunday.,Therehavebeenmanygreatchangesinourcountrysincethen.,Theremusthavebeenamistakesomewhere.,Therebe中的be，有时可用seemtobe,happentobe,remain,enter,live,stand,lie等词组来替代。

Thereseemstobesomethingwrongwithme.,Oncetherelivedakingwhocaredmoreaboutnewclothesthananythingelse.,Thereenteredawomanwithababyinherarms.,Therebe结构与非谓语结构：

Therebeingnofurtherbusiness,Ideclarethemeetingclosed.Idontwanttheretobeanymisunderstanding.Hewasdisappointedattherebeingsolittletodo.Itisimpossiblefortheretobeanymore.,2.表示方位的副词或介词短语，如：

here,there,now,then,up,down,in,away,off,out,intheroom,onthewall等，置于句首。

InalecturehallofauniversityinEnglandsitsaprofessor.,Southoftheriverliesasmallfactory.,Outrushedthechildren.,Awayflewtheplane.,Therecomesthebus.,注意：

1.不能用进行时；2.主语为人称代词时不倒装。

herushed.,hecomes.,1.全部倒装的情况:

1.全部倒装的情况:

3.带有直接引语的句子位于引语的后面或中间时。

“Dontloseheart!

”saidtheoldman/hesaid.“Help!

Help!

”shoutedtheboy/heshouted.,注意,主语是代词时常不倒装。

4.表语置于句首时。

PresentatthemeetingwereProfessorWhiteandmanyotherguests.Gonearethedayswhenmyheartwasyoung.Sittingroundherwereherchildren.Buriedinthesandswasanancientcity.,使用完全倒装的句子只有两种时态，即一般现在时和一般过去时，也就是谓语由一个单词（且表位移的动词,go,come.run等见多）构成。

EXERCISES,1.Atthesightofthepoliceman,_frombehindthedoor.A.didtheboyrushoutB.theboywasrushingoutC.outrushedtheboyD.rushingoutwastheboy,2.Onthewall_threelargepictures.A.hangsB.hangC.hangedD.arehanging,2.部分倒装的情况:

1.not,never,hardly,seldom,little,scarcely,neither,nor,innoway,atnotime,innocase,bynomeans,undernocircumstances等否定词或否定含义的短语位于句首时。

e.g.NevershallIforgetthedayswhenweweretogether.LittledidIexpecttogetsuchawarmwelcome.AtnotimewillChinabethefirsttousenuclearweapons.NotaworddidIsayatthemeeting.Notonlydidweloseallourmoney,butwealsolostourway.,2.部分倒装的情况:

2.only修饰的状语放在句首时,主句倒装。

e.g.Onlybychangingthewaywelivecanwesavetheearth.OnlythendidIrealizethatIwaswrong.,3.so/as,neither/nor表示“也”时。

e.g.HewontgoandneithershallI.Abetterunderstandingoftheenvironmentisnecessary,asisthewillingnesstoact.,注意,TomlikesEnglish.-Sohedoes.,4.neithernor连接两个句子时,两个句子都倒装。

e.g.Neitherwillhestudynorwillhegotowork.5.nosoonerthan,hardly/scarcelywhen表示“一就时,主句用过去完成时（倒装）,从句用过去时。

e.g.NosoonerhadIgothomethanitbegantorain.,2.部分倒装的情况:

6.虚拟条件句省略if时。

Were,should,had提前。

e.g.WereIyou,Iwouldtakethepositioninthatcompany.Hadhebeengivensomeinformation,hecouldhaveansweredthequestion.,2.部分倒装的情况:

_Ihadtime,Iwouldhavegoneovertoseeher.A.DidB.WereC.HadD.If,7.as位于句首引导让步状语从句时，只须把表语,状语,或动词原形提到as前，（作表语的单数可数名词提到主语前时不带冠词）。

例如：

e.g.Tiredashefelt,hekeptonworking.,Childashewas,hecouldworkouttheproblem.Bad-temperedasheis,helovesmedeeply.MuchashelikesEnglish,heisnotgoodatit.Tryaswemight,wecouldnotbringhimaroundtoacceptourview.,2.部分倒装的情况:

8.So/Such+adj./adv./n.+that表程度时,需用倒装。

（主句倒装）e.g.Soeasywasthetaskthattheyfinisheditwithinhalfanhour.Sofastdidhewalkthatneitherofuscouldcatchupwithhim.Suchakindpersonwashethateveryonelikedhim.,2.部分倒装的情况:

9.表时间，次数或顺序的副词位于句首时，句子倒装。

Eg.Oftendidhecometomyhomeinthepast.ManyatimehaveIseenherwalkingaloneinthestreet.10.表示祝愿的句子。

Eg.LongliveChairmanMao!

Mayyousucceed!

2.部分倒装的情况:

Heasked_fortheviolin.（NMET1992）A.didIpayhowmuchB.IpaidhowmuchC.howmuchdidIpayD.howmuchIpaid2._fromBeijingtoLondon!

（1993）A.HowlongwayitisB.WhatalongwayisitC.HowlongwayisitD.Whatalongwayitis,高考选题,3.Notuntilallthefishdiedintheriver_howseriousthepollutionwas.（1995）A.didthevillagersrealizeB.thevillagersrealizedC.thevillagersdidrealizeD.didntthevillagersrealize4._,Motherwillwaitforhimtohavedinnertogether.（97）A.HowlateisheB.HoweverheislateC.HoweverishelateD.Howeverlateheis,5.Wellhavetofinishthejob,_.（99）A.longittakeshowB.ittakeshoweverlongC.longhoweverittakesD.howeverlongittakes6.Notonly_pollutedbut_crowded.A.wasthecity;werethestreetB.thecitywas;werethestreetC.wasthecity;thestreetwereD.thecitywas;thestreetwere,7.So_thatnofishcanliveinit.（SH92）A.thelakewasshallowB.shallowthelakeisC.shallowisthelakeD.isthelakeshallow8.Little_abouthisownsafety,thoughhewasingreatdangerhimself.（SH92）A.doeshecareB.didhecareC.hecareD.hecared,9._forthefreetickets,Iwouldnothavegonetothefilmssooften.（SH95）A.ifitisnotB.WereitnotC.HaditnotbeenD.Iftheywerenot10.-Davidhasmadegreatprogressrecently.-_,and_.（SH97）A.Sohehas;soyouhaveB.Sohehas;sohaveyouC.Sohashe;sohaveyouD.Sohashe;soyouhave,goodbye,