宾语从句专项复习.docx
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宾语从句专项复习
宾语从句专项复习
考点解读
★1.宾语从句的用法
★2.复习宾语从句的三要素
考点一:
宾语从句引导词的选择
考点二:
宾语从句语序的变化
考点三:
宾语从句时态的变化
★3.宾语从句的同义句转换
★4.宾语从句的否定前移与反意疑问句的变化
★5.宾语从句与状语从句的结合
考查的重难点
中考对宾语从句的考查主要集中在三要素:
温故知新
引导词、语序、时态
一.宾语从句的定义及结构
宾语从句是复合句重要成员之一,当一个从句用作主句的宾语时,就叫做宾语从句。
在及物动词、介词等后面都可以接宾语从句。
练习:
请判断以下句子中哪些是宾语从句
1）.Mymothermademedomyhomeworkeverydayduringthesummervocation.（）
2）.Iknowheisateacher.（）
3）.ThisisthebestbookthatIhaveread.（）
4）.IcouldrideabikewhenIwasten.（）
5）.Jimissostrongthathecancarrytheheavybox.（）
6）.Wearetalkingaboutwhetherwewillgohiking.（）
7）.Ifyoudrivetoofast,youmayhaveanaccident.（）
二.宾语从句的三要素
1.宾语从句的引导词
（1）当宾语从句由陈述句充当时,由that引导,连词that只起连接的作用,在从句中不做成分,也无词义.常被省略.
eg.Ithink（that）heisagreatman.
（2）当宾语从句由一般疑问句充当时,由if或whether引导,起连接作用,在句子中不作句子成分,译为“是否”。
eg.Lucywantedtoknowif\whetheryouwouldgotoapicnicwithus.
Heaskedif\whetherBilllikedred.
★注意:
if多用于口语中,whether多用于书面和一些较正式的场合,一般情况下二者可以互换,但下列情况只用whether。
a.引导的从句作介词宾语时
Everythingdependsonwhetherwehaveenoughmoney.
b.从句后面有ornot时
Iwonderwhetherhewillcomeornot.
c.后面跟动词不定式时
Whocantellmewhethertogoortostay?
d.从句转移到主句的前面
Whetherthisistrueornot.Ican’tsay.
（3）当宾语从句由特殊疑问句充当时,特殊疑问词就是引导词,它们起连接作用,作句子成分,各有自己的意义。
连接代词:
Who,whom,whose,what,which
连接副词;When,where,why,how.
eg.MissLuoaskedJimwhyhewaslateforschoolagain.
练习:
用适合的连词填空
1）.Iamveryhappy____youpassedtheexam.
2）.Iamnotsure____youcancometothemeetingontimetomorrow.
3）.Mymotheristhinkingabout____shewillgoonvacation.Maybeshe’llgotoShanghai.
4）.---Pleasetellme____Jimisunhappy.
---Becausehelosthisbike.
5）.---Couldyoutellme____Mr.Smithis？
---Heisateacherinaschool.
6）.---Iwanttoknow____dictionarythisis.
---It’sMax’s.
7）.Couldyoutellme____yournewcarcost?
8）.Iwanttoknow____thetrainleaves.
9）.Couldyoutellme____Katewillarrivehereat9:
00thismorningornot?
2.宾语从句的语序
宾语从句要用陈述句语序,即引导词+主语+谓语+其他成分
★注意:
在将疑问句变为宾语从句时,特别要将疑问语序还原为陈述句语序。
带有宾语从句的复合句的标点符号,取决于主语的句式,与从句无关.若主句是陈述句,句末用句号;主句是疑问句则用问号。
eg.Pleasetellmewhichclassyouarein.
Doyouknowwhotheyarewaitingfor?
3.宾语从句的时态.
（1）当主句是现在时的范畴,从句时态不受主句的限制.可根据具体情况选用适合的时态。
eg.YouknowhehasgonetoChongqing.
Ithinkhewillleavesoonerorlater.
Hesayshetoldherthismatteryesterday.
（2）当主句是过去时态时,从句需用表示过去的某种时态.
eg.ShesaidthatshewouldleaveforBeijingthenextday.
MissWangtoldmethatshehadbeentoShanghaibefore.
★注意:
当从句叙述的是客观事实，科学真理,格言，谚语等，其时态不受主句的限制,都用一般现在时。
eg.Theteachertoldusthatlighttravelsfasterthansound。
Myfathertoldmethatwherethereisawill，thereisaway.
练习:
选出正确的语序和时态
1）.---Couldyoutellme____?
---Heisinthelibrary.
A:
whereSimonwasB:
whereisSimon
C:
wherewasSimonD:
whereSimonis
2）.---Hi,Daming.It’ssaidthatthefamoussingerwillcometoQijiang.Doyouknow___?
---Nextmonth.
A:
whendoeshecomeB:
whenhecomes
C:
whenwillhecomeD:
whenhewillcome
3）.---Doyouknow____thenewmobilephonelastweek?
---Maybe900yuan.I’mnotquitesure.
A:
howmuchshepaidforB:
howmuchwillshepayfor
C:
howmuchdidshepayforD:
howmuchshewillpayfor
4）.---WhatdidJackaskyoujustnow?
---Hewantedtoknowhowlong____whenIreachedthecinema.
A:
hadthefilmbeenonB:
thefilmhadstarted
C:
thefilmhadlastedD:
hadthefilmended
5）.---Couldyoutellme____?
Heiswantedbytheheadteacher.
---Sorry,I’venoidea.Buthe____herejustnow.
A:
whereTimwas;wasB;whereisTim;was
C:
whereTimis;wasD:
whereTimis;is
6）.IhearTomliveshere,butI’mnotsure____.
A:
whichroomhelivesinB:
whichroomdoeshelivein
C:
helivesinwhichroomD:
inwhichroomdoeshelive
7）.Thescienceteachertoldustheeartharoundthesun.
A:
movedB:
moveC:
movesD:
tomove
三.宾语从句的同义句转换
1.当从句的主语与主句的主语或宾语是同一人时,且从句为wh-疑问词或how引导的宾语从句,可以与（疑问词+不定式）转换。
eg.CouldyoutellmeHowIcangettothehospital?
Couldyoutellmehowtogettothehospital?
Idon’tknowwhatIshoulddonext.
Idon’tknowwhattodonext.
2.当主句的谓语动词是decide,hope等可以接不定式的动词时，且主句的主语与从句的保持一致时.可以直接改为谓语动词加不定式。
eg.IhopethatIcanmadegreatprogressinmystudy.
Ihopetomadegreatprogressinmystudy.
四.宾语从句的否定前移与反意疑问句
1.当主句的谓语动词是think,believe,suppose，guess等表意念或推测的动词,且主语是第一人称,否定时应前移。
2.当宾语从句要变成反意疑问句时，如果主句的谓语动词是think,believe,suppose，guess等，同时主语为第一人称时，反意疑问句要由从句决定，否则由主句决定。
eg.Ithinkhewillcomebackin2days.
Idon’tthinkhewillcomebackin2days.
eg.Wethinksheisagoodteacher,isn’tshe?
Youthinksheisagoodteacher,don’tyou?
练习:
句型转换
1）.CouldyoushowmehowIcanuseQQtochatwithmyfriends？
（改为同义句）
Couldyoushowme_________QQtochatwithmyfriends?
2）.IhopeIcanforgetallmyproblems.（改为同义句）
Ihope______allmyproblems.
3）.Idon’tthinktheboyisastudent.（变为反义疑问句）
Idon’tthinktheboyisastudent,______?
4）.Hebelievedmanypeoplecoulddoitwell.（变为反义疑问句）
Hebelievedmanypeoplecoulddoitwell,______?
5）.Ithinkhecanworkouttheproblem.（否定句）
I___thinkhe___workouttheproblem.
五.宾语从句与状语从句的结合
If和when还可以引导状语从句，要注意区分判断从句类型。
eg.Idon’tknowifitwillraintomorrow.Ifitrains,wewon’tgoonapicnic.
Hedoesn’ttellmewhenhewillcome.I’lltelephoneyouwhenhecomes.
综合检测：
1）.Wehaven’tdecided____we’llgotoShanghainextweek.
A:
whereB:
whenC:
whyD:
how
2）.---Couldyoutellus____---Becausethetrafficisbad.
A:
ifshecomeslateB:
howdoesshecomelate
C:
whydoesshecomelateD:
whyshecomeslate
3）.---ThatactoroftenjoinsindifferentactivitiiesinBeijing.
Doyouknow____?
---For5years.
A:
howsoonhewillcomebackB:
howlonghehasstayedthere
C:
whenhewentthereD:
whenhewillcomehere
4）.---DidMrs.Kingleaveamessage?
---Yes.Shewantedtoknow____thisSunday
A:
whoyouwouldgoshopping
B:
ifyouwouldgoshoppingwithher
C:
thatyouwillgoshopping
D:
whenwillyougoshoppingwithher
5）.---Doesanyoneknow____
---IhearthathewasborninSwnden.
A:
whatheisB:
whenhewasbron
C:
wherehecomesfromD:
whichcountryishefrom
6）.Idon’tknowifJack____.Ifhe____,callme,please.
A:
willcome;willcomesB:
comes;come
C:
comes;willcomeD:
willcome;comes
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