电力英语.docx

电力英语.docx

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电力英语

南京工程学院

期末考查报告书

成绩

电气工程专业外语B

院（系、部、中心）电力工程学院

专业电气工程及其自动化

班级

学生姓名

学号

任课教师

2010年07月南京

Pageone.TheProductionofElectricalEnergy（电能生产）

OneEnglishtext

Fromreferenceone

Oneoftheeasiestmeasurementstomakeonasystemisvoltage.Voltagecanbemeasuredusingavarietyofmethods.Instrumentsusedintoday’selectronicindustryconsistofvarioustypesofvoltmeterswithaccuraciesform5percentoffullscaletonearly0.002percentofreading.Manymultimetersusedtodaystillusethemagnetoelectricmetermovementasanindicatingdevice.Manypeoplestillfeelthatametershowingsmallflickeringchangesiseasiertoreadthanadigitalmeteronwhichyoutrytoreadflashingdigits.Thedigitalvoltmeterhastobepoweredwithapowersupplyorbatteries,whilethemagnetoelectrictypemeteronlyneedsabatteryintheohmsmode.

Itmustalsoberememberedthatanyvoltmeterisahigh-impedancedeviceandthatanidealvoltmeterdrawsnocurrentfromthecircuitbeingtested.Moderndigitalvoltmetershaveinputresistancesthatrangefrom10megohmstonearly10，000megohms.AlsointheACvoltagemode,low-inputshuntingcapacityisnecessaryforhigh-frequencyoperation.Thevoltmeterisalwaysconnectedacrossacircuitorcomponentandoneterminalofthevoltmeterisalwaysmarkedeither-orcommonandisusuallycoloredblackwithablackconnectingwireandprobe.Theotherterminalisusuallymarkedandhasaredwireandprobe.Somehigh-frequencyACvoltmetershavespecialhotormarksonthecablesandprobes.

Keywords:

electricalmagneticgeneratevoltage

Fromreferencetwo

Thedevelopmentofthermalpowerplant

Energyisthemostimportantkindofeconomicdevelopmentofenergy,canbeeasilyandefficientlyconvertedintootherenergyforms.Providingtheformofhydroelectricpower,thermalpower,windpower,withthehumansocietyenteredtheeraofhightechnologysolarpowerhasemerged,MHDpowergeneration.Butformostdevelopingcountries,thethermalpowerisstillcomingforalongperiodoftimetheinevitableroad.

Thermalpowerdevelopmentisnowthemainforce,nowpresentaharmonioussociety,circulareconomy,theenvironment,weimprovethefirepowerofFangXiang,weshouldfocusontheenvironment,thepowertoconsidertheimpacttonon-renewableenergytotheimpactofcurrentinhavebeenpartofthenuclearpowerplant,thermalpower,butelectricityisstilloccupiedmostofthemarket,electricpowerdevelopmentinrecentyears,laggingeconomicdevelopment,thecountryonanumberofthermalpowerplants,butmustcontinuetoincreasethermalpowertechnologydevelopmentinordertomeettherequirementsofaharmonioussociety.

"15"duringtheconstructionofthermalpowerprojectsinChinadevelopedrapidly.From2001to20058monthsforapprovalbytheStateEnvironmentalProtectionAdministration,thethermalpowerprojectsupto472,installedcapacity344382MW,ofwhich135projectsapprovedin2004,installedcapacity107590MW,up207%overthepreviousyear;1to8,2005month,213projectsapproved,installedcapacity168546MW,anincreaseof420%.Ifallofthesethermalpowerprojectsputintoproduction,thenChina'sthermalpowerinstalledcapacitywillreach582millionkilowatts,up145%from2000.

December2006,theNationalthermalpowergenerationcapacitytomaintainrapidgrowth,butgrowthhasdeclined.Completedmonthofthenationalthermalpowergeneratingcapacityof226.6billionkwh,up15.5%yearonyeargrowthratedropped1percentagepoint,thechainfell3.3percentagepoints;Withthegrowthofelectricityconsumptionforheatinginwinter,thermalpowergenerationchaingrewrapidly,inDecemberthermalpowercomparedtothepreviousmonthincreased22.3billionkwhelectricitygeneration,growthof10.9%.2006,theNationalaccumulatedthermalpowergeneration2.3186trillionkwh,up15.8%,higherthanthegrowthrate3.3percentagepointsoverthesameperiodof

2005AsChina'spowersupplyiseasinggradually,andnationalattentionontheenergyconsumption,Chinabegantointensifyeffortstoadjustthethermalstructureofthesector.

Thesubjectofthedesignerincollegeseriouslycompletingalloftheelectricalengineeringcourses,masteredtheoperationofthepowersystemsecurityandhowtotroubleshootthefailureofitsnormaloperationwithouttheknowledge,canuseelectrical,powerplants,substationselectricalparts，higholtagetechnology,powersystemautomation,powersystemprotectionandotherspecializedknowledgetosolvepracticalproblems,orientedsub-graduatedesignmadesufficientknowledgeofmaterialpreparation.

AfterthefoundingofnewChina,especiallysincethereformandopeningup,China'spowerindustrydevelopedrapidly.IntheStateCouncil,underthecorrectleadership,themajorityoftheworkerstoworkhard,hardwork,China'spowerindustryhasmaderemarkableachievements.In1987,thenationalelectricityinstalledcapacityof100millionkilowattsontothesteps;break200millionkilowattsin1995;totheendof2000,installedpowergeneratingcapacityreached319millionkilowatts.From1949to1978,beforethereformandopeningup,China'spowerinstalledcapacityfrom185millionkwto57.12millionkilowatts,anincreaseof29.9times;annualpowergenerationcapacityfrom4.3billionkwhto256.6billionkwh,up58.7times.From1978tothelatetwentiethcentury,China'spowerinstalledcapacityandannualelectricitygenerationincreasedby4.58and4.33respectivelytimes.Atpresent,China'spowerinstalledcapacityandannualpowergenerationamountallranksNo.2intheworld;China'spowerindustryalsohasgreatpower,greatunit,highpressure,high-automationstage,intotheoptimalallocationofresources,theimplementationofanewstageofnationalnetwork.

Chinaisadevelopingcountry,China'spowerindustryalongtimetodomorethanrelyonpowerpolicytoattractinvestment,promotethedevelopmentofChina'spowerindustry;andthroughtheintroduction,digestionandabsorptionandtechnologicalinnovationhavegreatlyincreasedthepoweroftechnologylevelandtheequipmentlevel;throughyearsofpersistentcompliance,thefirstclassworkandgreatlyimprovethepowermanagementlevel,alotofpowerenterprises,especiallythemanagementofpowerplantswithpowerplantsindevelopedcountriesthaninthemanagementofalevel.However,China'spercapitaconsumptionlevelisstillverylow,facedwithcontinuedpressureofrapiddevelopment.

SincejoiningtheWTO,theStatePowerCorporationhasidentifieda"builtholdingtype,operationtype,group,modern,world-classpowercompany"strategicobjective,andoneoftheworldin20005002001Strongranked77.China'saccessiontoWTOforthepowerindustry,istheopportunitiesandchallenges,theopportunitiesoutweighthechallenges.

InChinaandaroundtheworld,thetotalinstalledcapacityofthermalpowerplantinstalledcapacityofabout70%oftotalelectricitygeneratingcapacityof80%.Sofar,China'sthermalpowerplantunitcapacityto300,000kilowattsand60millionkW,themaincityofYuhuanCounty,ZhejiangProvince,Wenzhou,YuhuanPowerPlantareunderconstructionandfour100-kilowattgeneratorset,thefirstunitisexpectedtoputintooperationthisyearpowergeneration.Theonemillionkilowattsthermalpower

generatingunitssupercriticalmainsteampressureof25MPa,themainsteamandreheatsteamtemperaturesare600degrees,notonlyinourcountryisthehighestparameters,areattheforefrontoftheworldlevel.Previously,ShanghaiElectricandSiemenstocreate2setsoftheShanghaiWaigaoqiao900,000kilowattsfireunitisChina'sfirstsuper-criticalonemillionitems,thefirstunitwasgenerating2006

Modernthermalpowerplantbythelargevarietyofmechanicaldevicesandelectricalequipmentposed.Inordertoproduceelectricityandheat,thesedevicesandequipmentmustbecoordinatedtoachievesafeandeconomicproductionpurposes.Thisworkisthepowerplantoperation.Toensurethefurnace,mechanical,electricalandothermajorequipment,auxiliaryequipmentandthesystemofsafeandeconomicoperation,wemuststrictlyimplementaseriesofoperatingrulesandregulations.Operationofthermalpowerplantsincludethreeareas,namely,startandstopoperation,economicperformance,faultandcountermeasures.Thebasicrequirementsofpowerplantoperationistoensuresafety,economyandpowerquality.

Thermalpowerplantinthedeaeratortanktopumpthewaterthroughtheheatervoltagetosendthroughthehighpressureeconomizer.Intheeconomizer,thewaterheatedbythehotsmoke,thengotothetopofthedrumintheboiler.Aroundthecloudsinthewaterboilerfurnace,calledWall.WallpipesbothendsofthedrumthroughtheUnitedboxandconnectedthewaterboilerconstantlycyclingthroughthewaterwall,absorbingtheloveofcoalcombustionheatrelease.Someofthewaterwallinthecoldafterbeingboiledintowatervaporevaporation,thesaturatedsteamfromthedrumintothesuperheaterintheupperoutflow.Saturatedsteaminthesuperheatercontinueendothermic,assuperheatedsteam.Superheatedsteamwithhighpressureandtemperature,resultingingreatheatpotential.Hasthepotentialofthesuperheatedsteambyheatintosteampipeafter,theyputathermalpotentialenergyintokineticenergy.Topromotehigh-speedflowofsteamturbinerotorrotation,theformationofmechanicalenergy.

Turbinerotorandgeneratorrotorlinkedthroughcouplings.Whenthesteamturbinedrivengeneratorrotorrotates,therotorwillrotate.TheotherendofthegeneratorrotorwithasmallDCgenerator,calledtheexciter.Issued