职称英语等级卫生A类卷考试试题.doc

职称英语等级卫生A类卷考试试题.doc

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2003年职称英语等级卫生A类卷考试试题

第1部分：

词汇选择

1．Theunionrepresentativeputacrossherargumentveryeffectively.

A.invented

B.explained

C.considered

D.accepted

2.Hetalkstoughbuthasatenderheart.

A.heavy

B.strong

C.wild

D.kind

3.Itisnousedebatingtherelativemeritsofthispolicy.

A.making

B.taking

C.expecting

D.discussing

4.Ourstatisticsshowthatweconsumeallthatwearecapableofproducing.

A.waste

B.buy

C.sell

D.use

5.Thefueltankshadacapacityof140liters.

A.function

B.ability

C.volume

D.power

6.Ourlivesareintimatelyboundupwiththeirs.

A.tensely

B.nearly

C.closely

D.carefully

7.Herfaithupheldherintimesofsadness.

A.excited

B.supported

C.inspired

D.directed

8.Thebookprovidesaconciseanalysisofthecountry’shistory.

A.clean

B.perfect

C.brief

D.real

9.Itislaiddownintheregulationsthatallmembersmustcarrytheirmembershipcardsatalltimes.

A.suggested

B.warned

C.confirmed

D.stated

10.Thecouncilmeetingterminatedat2o’clock.

A.began

B.continued

C.resumed

D.ended

11.Aredflagwasplacedthereasatokenofdanger.

A.substitute

B.sign

C.proof

D.target

12.Howeverbadthesituationis,themajorityisunwillingtoriskchange.

A.eager

B.reluctant

C.pleased

D.angry

13.IthasbeensaidthattheActsprovidedanewcourseofactionanddidnotmerelyregulateorenlargeanoldone.

A.control

B.limit

C.replace

D.offset

14.Thesecretaryisexpectedtoexploreideasforpost-warreconstructionofthearea.

A.investigate

B.deny

C.stress

D.create

15.Thesteadilyrisingcostoflaboronthewaterfronthasgreatlyincreasedthecostofshippingcargobywater.

A.suddenly

B.gradually

C.excessively

D.exceptionally

第2部分：

阅读判断

阅读下面这篇短文，短文后列出7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断。

如果该句提供的是正确信息，请在答题卡上把A涂黑；如果该句提供的是错误信息，请在答题卡上把B涂黑；如果该句的信息文章中没有提及，请在答题卡上把C涂黑

UsingHIVVirustoCureCancer

Scientistsareplanningtousehumanimmunodeficiency（免疫缺陷）virus（HIV）,oneofmankind’smostfearedviruses,asacarrierofgeneswhichcanfightcancerandarangeofdiseasesthatcannotbecured.TheexpertssayHIVhasanalmostperfectabilitytoavoidthebody’simmune（免疫的）defenses,makingitidealforcarryingreplacementgenesintopatients’bodies,accordingtotheObserver.

AteamattheCalifornia-basedSalkInstitute,oneoftheworld’sleadingresearchcentersonbiologicalsciences,hascreatedaspecialnewbreedofHIVandhasstartednegotiationswiththeU>S>FoodandDrugAdministration（FDA）tobeginclinicalgenetherapy（治疗）trialsthisyear.ThefirsttrialsareexpectedtoinvolvepatientssufferingfromcancersthatcannotbecuredbysurgeryalthoughprojectleaderProfessorInderVermasaidtheHIVtechniquewouldhave”farwiderapplications”.

Theplanremainsverylikelytocausecontroversysinceitinvolvesmakinguseofaviruswhichhascausedmorethan22milliondeathsaroundtheworldinthepasttwodecades.VermasaidthattheideaofusingHIVforabeneficialpurposewas“shocking”butthefiercenatureofHIVhaddisappearedbyhavingallsixofthepotentiallydeadlygenesremoved.

Illnessessuchasvariouscancersarecausedwhenageneinapatient’sbodyfailstoworkproperly.Inthepasttwoyears,breakthroughsingenetics（遗传学）haveledgenetherapyscientiststotryandreplacethegenesthatdonotfunctionnormally.

Unfortunately,thebody’simmunedefenseshavebeenknowntoattackthemodifiedgenesandmakethemlosetheireffectsbeforetheycanstarttheirtaskandprogressinthefieldhasbeenheldupbythelackofasuitablecarrier.

TheHIVvirushastheabilitytoescapefrom,andthendestroy,theimmunedefensecellsdesignedtoprotectourbodiesandthismakesitattractivetoscientistsasawayofsecretlyconveyingreplacementgenesintopatients’bodies.

1FDAhasapprovedtheplanofusingHIVtocurecancerinhumans.

ARightBWrongCNotmentioned

2TheideaofusingHIVforabeneficialpurposehasbeenwidelyaccepted.

ARightBWrongCNotmentioned

3HIVcanbesafelyusedtocurecanceronlyifthedeadlygeneshavebeenremoved.

ARightBWrongCNotmentioned

4TheHIVvirusisanexcellentwarriortofightthebody’simmunecells.

ARightBWrongCNotmentioned

5Othercountriesarealsoexpectedtobeginclinicalgenetherapytrialssoon.

ARightBWrongCNotmentioned

6Itisthelackofmoneythathashelduptheprogressinusingreplacementgenestocurecancer.

ARightBWrongCNotmentioned

7TheHIVvirushascausedmoredeathsindevelopedcountries.

ARightBWrongCNotmentioned

第3部分：

概括大意与完成句子

ExercisingYourMemory

1Agingdoesnotmeanadramaticdeclineinmemorypower,unlessyouhelpithelpbylettingyourmindgo.

2That'snottosaythatmemorydoesn'tchangethroughoutlife.Researchersdividememoryintocategoriesbasedonthelengthoftimewhenmemoriesarestored.Onesystemdividesitupasshort-term（lessthanoneminute;rememberingatelephonenumberwhileyoudial,forinstance）,long-term（overaperiodofyears）andverylong-termmemory（overalifetime）.

3Short-termmemoryisn'tmastereduntilaboutage7,butafterthatyouneverloseit.Long-termmemory,however,involvesmoreeffortandskillandchangesthroughlife.It'snotuntiltheearlyteensthatmostpeopledevelopamaturelong-termmemory.

4First,wemustgetinformationintoourheadsthroughlearning.Learningstrategiescangetrusty（生锈的，迟钝的）withoutconstantuse.Highschoolandcollegestudents,whoareforcedtorepeatedlyexercisetheirlong-termmemoryabilities（atleastlong-termenoughtogetthemthroughafinalexam）,usuallydowellonmemorytests.Thelongeryoustayinschool,themorechanceyougettopolishyourlearningskills.It'snowonderthatmorehighlyeducatedpeoplehavemoreeffectivememoryskillsthroughoutlife.

5Althougholderpeopleingenerallearnsomewhatmoreslowlythantheydidwhenyounger,adramaticdifferenceexistsbetweenthosewhostayintellectuallyactive--reading,discussing,takingclasses,thinking--andthosewhodonot.Givingthebrainadailyworkoutisjustasimportantasexercisingyourmuscles.Brainworkkeepsyourlearningstrategiesinshape,andthishelpsyourmemorytofunctionatfullcapacity.

6Thenextpartofahealthylong-termmemoryisretention（保持力，记忆力）,theabilitytostorewhatyouhavelearned.Memoryresearchersstilldonotknowwhethermemoriesarelost--whethertheystillexistinthebrainnutourmentalsearchingcannotturnthemup,orhavedisappearedentirelyasourbrainages.

7Thethirdnecessityformemoryisrecall,theabilitytomindthememorieswehavestored.Again,whileaginghaswidelydifferenteffectsontherecallabilitiesofdifferentpeople,researchindicatesthattheolderweget,thelongerittakestorecallfacts.Butslowerrecallisstillrecall.Infact,agingdoesnotseemtohaveanyeffectonforgettingatall,whichtakesplaceatthesamerateinyoungerandolderpeople.

23.Paragraph3_________

24.Paragraph4_________

25.Paragraph5_________

26.Paragraph6___________

A.Effectsofagingonaperson'srecallability

B.short-termmemoryversuslong-termmemory

C.retentionasthesecondnecessityformemory

D.likebetweenlearningstrategiesandeffectivememoryskills

E.Significanceofexercisingyourmuscles

F.importanceofstayingintellectuallyactive

27.Retentionrefersto_____________.

28.Therateofforgettingisthesame_____________.

29.Rememberingsomethingallyourlife_____________.

30.Exercisingyourbraineverydayisbeneficial_____________.

A.totheproperfunctionofyourmemory

B.iscalledlong-termmemory

C.thecapacitytostorewhatyouhavelearned

D.belongstoeverylong-termmemory

E.theabilitytoremainmentallyhealthy

F.foryoungerandolderpeople

第4部分：

阅读理解

第一篇FirstAid

Firstaidisemergencycareforavictimofsuddenillnessorinjuryuntilmoreskillfulmedicaltreatmentisavailable.Itmaysavealifeorimprovecertainvitalsignsincludingpulse,temperature,aclearairway（气道）,andbreathing.Inminoremergencies,firstaidmaypreventavictim’sconditionfromturningworseandproviderelieffrompain.Firstaidmustbeadministeredasquicklyaspossible.Inthecaseofthecriticallyinjured,afewminutescanmakethedifferencebetweencompleterecoveryandlossoflife.

First-aidmeasuresdependuponavictim’sneedsandtheprovider’slevelofknowledgeandskill.Knowingwhatnottodoinanemergencyisasimportantasknowingwhattodo.Improperlymovingapersonwithaneckinjury,forexample,canleadtopermanentspinal（脊柱的）injuryandparalysis（瘫痪）.

Despitethevarietyofinjuriespossible,severalprinciplesoffirstaidapplytoallemergencies.Thefirststepistocallforprofessionalmedicalhelp.Thevictim,ifconscious,shouldbereassuredthatmedicalaidhasbeenrequested,andaskedforpermissiontoprovideanyfirstaid.Next,assessthescene,askingotherpeopleortheinjuredperson’sfamilyorfriendsaboutdetailsoftheinjuryorillness,anycarethatmayhavealreadybeengiven,andpreexistingconditionssuchasdiabetes（糖尿病）orhearttrouble.Thevictimshouldbecheckedforamedicalbracelet（手镯）orcardthatdescribesspecialmedicalconditions.Unlesstheaccidentscenebecomesunsafeorcardthatdescribesspecialmedicalconditions.Unlessth