届高考英语冲刺集训Day 5 阅读理解5议论文.docx

届高考英语冲刺集训Day 5 阅读理解5议论文.docx

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届高考英语冲刺集训Day5阅读理解5议论文

Day5阅读理解（5）（议论文）

Passage1

文体：

议论文词数：

326限时：

6分钟

Ilogontoacomputeratthedoctor’sofficetosayIhavearrivedandthenwaituntilavoicecallsmeintotheexaminationroom.

There,aroboticnursedirectsmeontoadeviceandthentakesmybloodpressure.Sometimelater,instepsthedoctor,whoisalsoarobot.Henotesdownmysymptomsandgivesmeaprescription（处方）.Ipayformyvisitusingacreditcardmachineandreturnhomewithouthavingmetanotherhumanbeing.

WhenIcallmydentist’sofficeandactuallygetahumanbeingontheline,Iamthrilled.AndwhenIseetheintroductionofyetmoreself-servicecheckoutstationsatthegrocerystore,Ifeellikeshouting,“Whenitcomestocashiers,makeminehuman,please!

”

Afterall,humancashierssometimesgiveyouastorecoupon（优惠券）foritemsyouarebuying.Evenmorethanthat,real-lifecashiersoftentakeaninterestinparticularlycutechildren,whichcanbrightenayoungmother’sday.Acashiermayalsoshowcompassion（同情）foranelderlypersonstrugglingtogetthatlastpennyoutofherpurse.

Whattechnologicaldevicewoulddo,anyofthis?

Idon’twanttogobacktotheStoneAge,butI’malsoworriedaboutaworldrunbymachines.Sometimeswhenyou’rechattingwithsomeone,youdiscoverthingsyouneedtoknow.Maybeareceptionistneedsprayerssaidforasickchild.Maybeasalespersoncanofferabitofencouragementtoacustomerwhoisfeelingtired.

Machinescanbeefficientandcost-effectiveandtheyoftengetthejobdonejustfine.Buttheylackanelementsoimportanttoeverydaylife.

Callitthespirit,thesoulortheheart.Itissomethingnomachinewilleverhave.Itisbeinghumanthatpromptsustosmileatothers,whichmaybewhattheyneedatthatmoment.

1.What’stheauthor’spurposeinwritingthefirsttwoparagraphs?

A.Toindicatehightechnologycanmakeourfuturelifeveryeasy.

B.Todescribeapossiblefuturescenewhererobotstakecontrolofourlife.

C.Towarnreadersofthepossibledangersofroboticnursesanddoctors.

D.Topredicthowtechnologycanaffectthewayweseeadoctorinthefuture.

2.Whydoestheauthorpreferbeingservedbyhumansratherthanbyrobots?

A.Robotsareindifferentandemotionless.

B.Robotscan’tprovideefficientservices.

C.Robotsdon’toffertogivestorecoupons.

D.Robotsareunabletodoajobaswellashumans.

3.What’stheauthor’sattitudetowardmachines?

A.Hewishesonedaytheywouldcometolife.

B.Heisabsolutelyagainsttheirexistenceinhislife.

C.Hedoesn’tliketheygetinvolvedinhislifetoomuch.

D.Heisafraidtheywouldtaketheplaceofhumanbeings.

Passage2

文体：

议论文词数：

379限时：

8分钟

InaclassthispastDecember,afterIwrotesomedirectionsontheboardforstudentsabouttheirfinalexamination,oneyoungwomanquicklytookapictureoftheboardusinghersmartphone.WhenIlookedinherdirection,sheapologized,“Sorry.Wasitwrongtotakeapicture?

”

“Ican’treadmyownhandwriting，”theyoungwomanexplained.“It’sbestifItakeapictureofyourwritingsoIcanunderstandthenotes.”

Thatremarkstartedaclass-widediscussionabouttakingapictureinsteadoftakingnotes.Forthoseinthephoto-takingcamp,motivationsextendedbeyondtheirinabilitytocomprehendtheirownhandwriting.Sometookpicturesofnotesbecausetheyknewtheirphonewasasafeplacetostorematerial.Theymightlosepaper,theyreasoned,buttheywouldn’tlosetheirphones.SometookphotosbecausetheywantedtorecordexactlythemannerinwhichIhadnotedinformationontheboard.Otherstoldmethatduringclasstheylikedtobeabletolistentothediscussionattentively.

Yettheuseofcamerasasnotetakers,thoughitmaybeconvenient,doesraisesignificantquestionsfortheclassroom.Isapictureaneffectivereplacementfortheprocessofnote-taking?

Instructorsencouragestudentstotakenotesbecausetheactofdoingsoismorethanmerelyrecordingnecessaryinformation—ithelpspreparethewayforunderstanding.Encouragingstudentstotakenotesmaybeanold-fashionedinstructionalmethod,butjustbecauseamethodhasalonghistorydoesn’tmeanit’soutofdate.Writingthingsdownengagesastudent’sbraininlistening,visual,andkinesthetic（触觉的）learning—aviewsupportedbyalongstandingresearch.Theactofwritingdowninformationenablesapersontobegincommittingittomemory,andtoprocessandcombineit,establishingthebuildingblocksoflearningnewconcepts.

Takingapicturedoesindeedrecordtheinformation,butitdeletessomeofthenecessarymentalengagementthattakingnotesemploys.Socanthetwobeequallyeffective?

I’mnotsurehowtomeasuretheeffectivenessofeithermethod.Fornow,Iallowstudentstotakenoteshowevertheyseefit—handwrittenorphotographed—becauseIfigurethatsomenotes,nomatterthemethodofnote-taking,arebetterthannone.

1.Thewomanapologizedintheclassbecauseshe______.

A.tookapictureoftheboard

B.missedtheteachers’directions

C.hadthebadhandwriting

D.disturbedotherstudents’learning

2.Studentsrefusetotakenotesbyhandbecause______.

A.theyareunabletotakenotes

B.theyaremorelikelytolosenotes

C.theyareinterestedinusingtheirphones

D.theyhaveagoodmemoryofteachers’instructions

3.Accordingtothepassage,takingnotesbyhand______.

A.requiresstudentstothinkindependently

B.isunsuitableforstudentstolearnnewideas

C.helpsstudentsactivelyparticipateinlearning

D.provestobeanoldanduselesslearningmethod

4.What’stheauthor’sopiniontowardtakingnotesbyphones?

A.Supportive.B.Neutral.

C.Doubtful.D.Disapproving.

Passage3

文体：

议论文词数：

396限时：

9分钟

“Extra!

Extra!

Gasolinehitsfourdollarsagallon!

”

Noonewillreallybeshocked—except,perhaps,theold-timerswhotellaboutthegoodolddayswhengaswasthreegallonsforadollar,andpeopledrovearound“justforthefunofit”.Asamatteroffact,thepriceofgashasbeenrisingfastandsteadilyforseveralyears,andmanyadjustmentshavealreadybeenmade.

Therewas,foratime,considerableunemploymentintheautoindustry,andthreequartersofthegaragesandservicestationshavegoneoutofbusiness.However,thebicycleandmotor-scooterbusinesshasflourished（兴旺）,andmanypeoplehavefoundemploymentthere.

NowthatFederalMotorshasbroughtoutitsnewLilliput,whichtravelsfortymilesonagallon,theautobusinessispickingupagain.Thefactoriesthathaven’tswitchedovertotwo-wheeltransportationareworkingontheirnewsmallermodels.Thereistalk,too,aboutbringingoutnewsteamandelectricautomobilesthatwillbejustaseconomicalastheoldcars.

Inthemeantime,streetcarsaregraduallyreplacingbusesalloverthecountrybecauseofthegreatereconomyofelectricpower.Andmanypeoplewhohaveseldomusedpublictransportationarenowridingthestreetcarswhiletheirautomobilesrust（生锈）intheirgarages.

There’snomarketatallforthebig,luxuriouscars,foronlythewealthycannowaffordtooperatethem.Manypeoplearenowshoppingintheirownneighborhood,andsmallbusinessesarethriving.

Ministers,educators,andeditorialwritersarepointingoutthattherehasbeenagreatimprovementinfamilylife.Familiesnowstayathomemoreforfun,andchildrenandparentsarebecomingbetteracquainted.Thestoresreportaboomingbusinessinparlorgames,hobbymaterials,books,musicalinstrumentsandalbums.

Peoplehavelosttheirpaleindoorlook.Therevivalofthelostartofwalkinghasbroughtahealthypinkbacktomanyacheek.Thisreturntotheheelshasrevolutionizedtheclothingstyles—peoplenowneedtobereadyforallkindsofweather.

Theseconditions,however,maynotlast.Alreadyourcleverchemistsareatworkonnewsyntheticfuelswhich,theysay,willputusrightbackwherewewere—onwheels.Shallwewishthemsuccessornot?

1.WhichofthefollowingisNOTaresultofthegaspricerising?

A.Morepeopleprefertotravelonpublictransportationwhichcostslessthandrivingcars.

B.Peoplereturntothetraditionalexerciseofwalking,whichhelpsthemtolookhealthier.

C.Peopleshopinnearbystoreswithouthavingtodrive,sosmallbusinessesaredeclining.

D.Theautoindustryhasbeenforcedtodevelopnewmodelswhicharemoreeconomical.

2.Thepurposeofwritingthispassageis______.

A.toshowthechainreactionoftherisinggasprice

B.todiscusswhetherit’snecessarytoworkonnewfuels

C.towarnpeoplenottousetoomuchgasoline

D.topicturewhatlifewillbelikeifgasrunsout

3.Whatisthebesttitleforthispassage?

A.NewFuelsontheWay

B.CarsorBicycles,ThatIsaQuestion

C.EndoftheGoodOldDays

D.FromWheelstoHeels

答案及解析

Passage1

【语篇导读】本文是一篇议论文。

作者通过描述一个全部由机器人负责的诊病场景来引起话题，并提出自己的观点：

虽然机器极大地方便了我们的生活，但是我们不能过分地依赖机器，人与人之间的交流绝对不能被机器替代。

1.B【解析】推理判断题。

根据第五段第二句…butI’malsoworriedaboutaworldrunbymachines.可知，作者关注机器与人类的关系，担忧人的生活被机器控制。

开篇的那个情景就是作者描述的未来全部由机器人负责的诊病场景。

故选B项。

2.A【解析】推理判断题。

根据第六段以及第七段的第一、二句Callitthespirit，thesoulortheheart.Itissomethingnomachinewilleverhave.可知，机器虽然高效，成本低，能胜任工作，但它们没有精神和心灵，是冷酷无情的。

故选A项。

3.C【解析】推理判断题。

综合全文，特别是第六段Machinescanbeefficientandcost\|effectiveandtheyoftengetthejobdonejustfine.Buttheylackanelementsoimportanttoeverydaylife.可知，机器方便了人们的工作和生活，但是机器缺少了一些日常生活的重要元素。

D项陈述过于概括，作者并非害怕机器取代全人类，而是不喜欢机器的冷漠无情。

综合四个选项可知C项正确。

Passage2

【语篇导读】本文是一篇议论文。

作者根据一次课堂上学生用手机拍下黑板上的笔记而引发思考以及全班学生的讨论。

学生应该用传统的手写笔记还是用现代化的电子设备拍照记录笔记?

哪个更有效果?

1.A【解析】细节理解题。

根据第一段最后一句中…sheapologized，“Sorry.Wasitwrongtotakeapicture?

”可知,那位女士道歉是因为她把黑板上的内容拍照了。

故选A项。

2.B【解析】推理判断题。

根据第三段第三句和第四句Sometookpicturesofnotesbecausetheyknewtheirphonewasasafeplacetostorematerial.T