经济学常用英语词汇.docx
《经济学常用英语词汇.docx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《经济学常用英语词汇.docx（32页珍藏版）》请在冰点文库上搜索。
经济学常用英语词汇
经济学英语词汇1、Generalterms一般术语economist经济学家
socialisteconomy社会主义经济capitalisteconomy资本主义经济collective
economy集体经济plannedeconomy计划经济controlledeconomy管制经济rural
economics农村经济liberaleconomy自由经济mixedeconomy混合经济political
economy政治经济学protectionism保护主义autarchy闭关自守primarysector初级成分
privatesector私营成分,私营部门publicsector公共部门,公共成分economicchannels
经济渠道economicbalance经济平衡economicfluctuation经济波动economic
depression经济衰退economicstability经济稳定economicpolicy经济政策
economicrecovery经济复原understanding约定concentration集中holding
company控股公司trust托拉斯cartel卡特尔rateofgrowth增长economictrend
经济趋势economicsituation经济形势infrastructure基本建设standardofliving
生活标准,生活水平purchasingpower,buyingpower购买力scarcity短缺stagnation
停滞,萧条,不景气underdevelopment不发达underdeveloped不发达的developing发展中的
2、Capital资本initialcapital创办资本frozencapital冻结资金frozen
assets冻结资产fixedassets固定资产realestate不动产,房地产circulating
capital,workingcapital流动资本availablecapital可用资产capitalgoods
资本货物reserve准备金,储备金callingupofcapital催缴资本allocationoffunds
资金分配contributionoffunds资金捐献workingcapitalfund周转基金revolving
fund循环基金,周转性基金contingencyfund意外开支,准备金reservefund准备金buffer
fund缓冲基金,平准基金sinkingfund偿债基金investment投资,资产investor投资人
self-financing自筹经费,经费自给bank银行currentaccount经常帐户（美作:
checking
account）current-accountholder支票帐户（美作:
checking-accountholder）
cheque支票（美作:
check）bearercheque,chequepayabletobearer
无记名支票,来人支票crossedcheque划线支票traveller'scheque旅行支票chequebook
支票簿,支票本（美作:
checkbook）endorsement背书transfer转让,转帐,过户money货币
issue发行readymoney现钱cash现金readymoneybusiness,nocredit
given现金交易,概不赊欠change零钱banknote,note钞票,纸币（美作:
bill）topay
（in）cash付现金domesticcurrency,localcurrency]本国货币
convertibility可兑换性convertiblecurrencies可自由兑换货币exchangerate
汇率,兑换率foreignexchange外汇floatingexchangerate浮动汇率free
exchangerates自由汇兑市场foreignexchangecertificate外汇兑换券hard
currency硬通货speculation投机saving储装,存款depreciation减价,贬值
devaluation（货币）贬值revaluation重估价runawayinflation无法控制的通货膨胀
deflation通货紧缩capitalflight资本外逃securitiesbusiness证券市场stock
exchange股票市场stockexchangecorporation证券交易所stockexchange
证券交易所,股票交易所quotation报价,牌价share股份,股票shareholder,stockholder
股票持有人,股东dividend股息,红利cashdividend现金配股stockinvestment股票投资
investmenttrust投资信托stock-jobber股票经纪人stockcompany,stock
brokeragefirm证券公司securities有价证券share,commonstock普通股
preferencestock优先股incomegain股利收入issue发行股票parvalue股面价格,
票面价格bull买手,多头bear卖手,空头assigned过户openingprice开盘closing
price收盘hardtimes低潮businessrecession景气衰退doldrums景气停滞dull
盘整ease松弛raisinglimit涨停板break暴跌bond,debenture债券Wall
Street华尔街3、Credit信贷shorttermloan短期贷款longtermloan
长期贷款mediumtermloan中期贷款lender债权人creditor债权人debtor债务人,借方
borrower借方,借款人borrowing借款interest利息rateofinterest利率
discount贴现,折扣rediscount再贴现annuity年金maturity到期日,偿还日
amortization摊销,摊还,分期偿付redemption偿还insurance保险mortgage抵押
allotment拨款shorttermcredit短期信贷consolidateddebt合并债务funded
debt固定债务,长期债务floatingdebt流动债务drawing提款,提存aid援助allowance,
grant,subsidy补贴,补助金,津贴4、Pruduction生产output产出,产量
producer生产者,制造者productive,producing生产的products,goods产品
consumergoods消费品article物品,商品manufacturedgoods,finishedgoods
制成品,产成品rawproduct初级产品semifinishedgoods半成品by-product副产品
foodstuffs食品rawmaterial原料supply供应,补给input投入productivity
生产率productiveness赢利性overproduction生产过剩5、Expenses耗费
cost成本,费用expenditure,outgoings开支,支出fixedcosts固定成本overhead
costs营业间接成本overheads杂项开支,间接成本operatingcosts生产费用,营业成本
operatingexpenses营业费用runningexpenses日常费用,经营费用miscellaneous
costs杂项费用overheadexpenses间接费用,管理费用upkeepcosts,maintenance
costs维修费用,养护费用transportcosts运输费用socialcharges社会负担费用
contingentexpenses,contingencies或有费用apportionmentofexpenses
分摊费用6、Profit利润income收入,收益earnings利润,收益grossincome,
grossearnings总收入,总收益grossprofit,grossbenefit毛利,总利润,利益毛额net
income纯收益,净收入,收益净额averageincome平均收入nationalincome国民收入
profitability,profitearningcapacity利润率,赢利率yield产量收益,收益率
increaseinvalue,appreciation增值,升值7、taxes税duty税
taxationsystem税制taxation征税,纳税fiscalcharges财务税收progressive
taxation累进税制graduatedtax累进税valueaddedtax增值税incometax所得税
landtax地租,地价税excisetax特许权税basisofassessment估税标准taxable
income须纳税的收入fiscality检查tax-free免税的taxexemption免税taxpayer
纳税人taxcollector收税员8、Internaleconomicandtradeorgnization
国际经济与贸易组织ChinaCouncilforthePromotionofInternational
Trade,中国国际贸易促进委员会NationalCouncilforUS-ChinaTrade
美中贸易全国理事会Japan-ChinaEconomicAssociation日中经济协会Associationfor
thePromotionofInternationalTrade,Japan日本国际贸易促进会British
CouncilforthePromotionofInternationalTrade英国国际贸易促进委员会
InternationalChamberofCommerce国际商会InternationalUnionof
MarineInsurance国际海洋运输保险协会InternationalAluminaAssociation
国际铝矾土协会UniversalPostalUnion,UPU万国邮政联盟CustomsCo-operation
Council,CCC关税合作理事会UnitedNationsTradeandDevelopmentBoard
联合国贸易与发展理事会OrganizationforEconomiccooperationandDevelopment,
DECD经济合作与开发组织EuropeanEconomicCommunity,EEC,EuropeanCommon
Market欧洲经济共同体EuropeanFreeTradeAssociation,EFTA欧洲自由贸易联盟
EuropeanFreeTradeArea,EFTA欧洲自由贸易区CouncilforMutualEconomic
Aid,CMEA经济互助委员会Eurogroup欧洲集团GroupofTen十国集团Committeeof
Twenty（ParisClub）二十国委员会CoordinatingCommittee,COCOM巴黎统筹委员会
CaribbeanCommonMarket,CCM,CaribbeanFree-TradeAssociation,
CARIFTA加勒比共同市场（加勒比自由贸易同盟）AndeansCommonMarket,ACM,Andeans
TreatyOrganization,ATO安第斯共同市场LatinAmericanFreeTrade
Association,LAFTA拉丁美洲自由贸易联盟CentralAmericanCommonMarket,CACM
中美洲共同市场AfricanandMalagasyCommonOrganization,OCAM非洲与马尔加什共同组织
EastAfricanCommonMarket,EACM东非共同市场CentralAfricanCustomsand
EconomicUnion,CEUCA中非关税经济同盟WestAfricanEconomicCommunity,
WAEC西非经济共同体OrganizationofthePetroleumExportingCountries,
OPEC石油输出国组织OrganizationofArabPetroleumExportingCountries,
OAPEC阿拉伯石油输出国组织CommonwealthPreferenceArea英联邦特惠区Centre
NationalduCommerceExterieur,NationalCenterofExternalTrade
法国对外贸易中心People'sBankofChina中国人民银行BankofChina中国银行
InternationalBankforReconstructionanddevelopment,IBRD
国际复兴开发银行WorldBank世界银行InternationalDevelopmentassociation,IDA
国际开发协会InternationalMonetaryFoundAgreement国际货币基金协定
InternationalMonetaryFound,IMF国际货币基金组织EuropeanEconomicand
MonetaryUnion欧洲经济与货币同盟EuropeanMonetaryCooperationFund
欧洲货币合作基金BankforInternationalSettlements,BIS国际结算银行African
DevelopmentBank,AFDB非洲开发银行Export-ImportBankofWashington
美国进出口银行NationalcityBankofNewYork花旗银行AmericanOriental
BankingCorporation美丰银行AmericanExpressCo.Inc.美国万国宝通银行The
ChaseBank大通银行Inter-AmericanDevelopmentBank,IDB泛美开发银行
EuropeanInvestmentBank,EIB欧洲投资银行MidlandBank,Ltd.米兰银行United
BankofSwitzerland瑞士联合银行DresdenBankA.G.德累斯敦银行Bankof
Tokyo,Ltd.东京银行HongkongandShanghaiCorporation香港汇丰银行
InternationalFinanceCorporation,IFC国际金融公司LaCommunaute
FinancieveAfricane非洲金融共同体EconomicandSocialCouncil,ECOSOC
联合国经济及社会理事会UnitedNationsDevelopmentProgram,NUDP联合国开发计划署
UnitedNationsCapitalDevelopmentFund,UNCDF联合国资本开发基金United
NationsIndustrialDevelopmentOrganization,UNIDO联合国工业发展组织United
NationsConferenceonTradeandDevelopment,UNCTAD联合国贸易与发展会议Food
andAgriculturalOrganization,FAO粮食与农业组织,粮农组织Economic
CommissionforEurope,ECE欧洲经济委员会EconomicCommissionforLatin
America,ECLA拉丁美洲经济委员会EconomicCommissionforAsiaandFarEast,
ECAFE亚洲及远东经济委员会EconomicCommissionforWesternAsia,ECWA西亚经济委员会
EconomicCommissionforAfrica,ECA非洲经济委员会OverseasChinese
InvestmentCompany华侨投资公司NewYorkStockExchange,NYSE纽约证券交易所
LondonStockMarket伦敦股票市场BalticMercantileandShippingExchange
波罗的海商业和航运交易所
Nashequilibrium纳什均衡
Naturalmonopoly自然垄断
Naturalresources自然资源
Necessarycondition必要条件
necessities必需品
netdemand净需求
nonconvexpreference非凸性偏好
nonconvexity非凸性
nonexclusion非排斥性
nonlinearpricing非线性定价
nonrivalry非对抗性
nonpricecompetition非价格竞争
nonsatiation非饱和性
non--zero—sumgame非零和对策
normalgoods正常品
normalprofit正常利润
normativeeconomics规范经济学
Top
O
objectivefunction目标函数
oligopoly寡头垄断
oligopolymarket寡头市场
oligopolymodel寡头模型
opportunitycost机会成本
optimalchoice最佳选择
optimalconsumptionbundle消费束
perfectelasticity完全有弹性
optimalresourceallocation最佳资源配置
optimalscale最佳规模
optimalsolution最优解
optimization优化
orderingofoptimization（social）preference（社会）偏好排序
ordinalutility序数效用
ordinarygoods一般品
output产量、产出
outputelasticity产出弹性
outputmaximization产出极大化
Top
P
parameter参数
Paretocriterion帕累托标准
Paretoefficiency帕累托效率
Paretoimprovement帕累托改进
Paretooptimality帕累托优化
Paretoset帕累托集
partialderivative偏导数
partialequilibrium局部均衡
patent专利
payoffmatrix收益矩阵、支付矩阵
perceiveddemandcurve感觉到的需求曲线
perfectcompetition完全竞争
perfectcomplement完全互补品
perfectmonopoly完全垄断
perfectpricediscrimination完全价格歧视
perfectsubstitution完全替代品
perfectinelasticity完全无弹性
perfectlyelastic完全有弹性
perfectlyinelastic完全无弹性
plantsize工厂规模
pointelasticity点弹性
positiveeconomics实证经济学
postHocFallacy后此谬误
prediction预测
preference偏好
preferencerelation偏好关系
presentvalue现值
price价格
priceadjustmentmodel价格调整模型
priceceiling最高限价
priceconsumptioncurve价格费曲线
pricecontrol价格管制
price
升级会员 