上海市晋元中学届高三月考英语试题含答案.docx

上海市晋元中学届高三月考英语试题含答案.docx

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上海市晋元中学届高三月考英语试题含答案

上海市晋元中学2021届高三9月月考

英语试题

II。

GrammarandVocabulary

SectionA

Directions：

Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassagescoherentandgrammaticallycorrect。

Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword；fortheotherblanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblank。

ExploringBeyond

Followingthecallofourrestlessgeneshasnotendedwellforallexplorers。

TheBritishexplorerCaptainJamesCookdiedinafightwithHawaiianstenyearsafterhereceivedthepreciousmapfromTupaia。

Hisdeath,somesay，broughttoaclose（21）________WesternhistorianscalltheAgeofExploration。

Yetithardly（22）________（end）ourexploring。

WehaveremainedenthusiasticaboutfillingintheEarth’smaps；reachingitsfarthestpoles，highestpeaks，anddeepesttrenches（海沟）;sailingtoitseverycornerandthenflyingofftheplanetentirely。

WiththeNASARoverCuriositynow（23）________（stir）usallasitexploresMars,somecountriesandprivatecompaniesarepreparingtosendhumanstotheredplanetaswell。

Somevisionarieseventalkofhavingaspacecraft（24）________（send）totheneareststar。

NASA’sMichaelBarratt—adoctor,diver，andjetpilot;asailorfor40years;anastronautfor12—isamongthose（25）________achetogotoMars。

BarrattconsciouslyseeshimselfasanexplorerCookandTupaia."We’redoingwhat（26）________did，”hesays。

”Itworksthiswayateverypointinhumanhistory。

Asocietydevelopsanenablingtechnology,（27）________it’stheabilitytopreserveandcarryfoodorbuildashiporlauncharocket.”

Notallofus（28）________ridearocketorsailtheinfinitesea，Yet，（29）________aspecies，we’recuriousenoughandinterestedenoughbytheprospecttohelppayforthetripandcheeratthevoyagers’return.Yes,wehopetofindabetterplacetoliveoracquirealargerterritoryormakeafortune.Butwealsoexploresimply（30）________（discover）what'sthere.

SectionB

Directions：

Fillineachblankwithaproperwordchosenfromthebox.Eachwordcanonlybeusedonce。

Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed。

A.appearsB.changingC。

dependentD.dimE.discovery

F。

exclusivelyG。

reflectH.reviewI。

sexuallyJ.underlyingK。

vigorously

UndercoverWings

Thenocturnal（夜间活动的）dot—underwindmoth（蛾）mayuseshape—shiftingpatternsonitswindsasawaytoattractmatesinthedark。

InastudypublishedlastSeptemberinCurrentBiology，scientistsreportthe__31__onmales’fore-wingsofthreepatches（色斑）thatchangedarknessandsizewhenviewedfromparticularangles。

Infemales，theentirefore—wingdarkens。

Althoughbutterflyandmothspeciesthatareactiveduringthedayareknowntoemployvisualeffectstocommunicate，researchershadthoughttheirnocturnalcousinsreliedalmost__32__onchemicalsignalsbecauseofthelackoflight。

Butthese__33__wingpatterns,nowfoundforthefirsttimeinanocturnalmoth，suggesttheinsectsmayalsousevisualsignals.Becauseonlythemaleshavethispattern,researcherssayitislikelya（n）__34__selectedmechanism。

JenniferKelley,anecologistbasedattheUniversityofWesternAustralia，andhercolleaguesfirstnoticedthevisualphenomenonwhilelookingatmuseummothspecimens（标本）foranotherproject."Assoonaswefiguredtheeffectwasangel-__35__,weknewthatnounderstandhowitworks，wehadtounderstandthe__36__physics,"Kelleysays。

ThegroupcontactedGerdSchroder—TurkandBodoWilts,whoarephysicistsatMurdochUniversityinPerthandtheAdolpheMerkleInstituteinSwitzerlandrespectively。

Togethertheresearchersfoundthatwhenthewingsareviewedfromabove，they__37__availablelightdirectly，likeadullmirror。

Whenviewedfromanangle，however,theyletsomeofthelightthroughtorevealadeeperlayerofdarkness,which__38__aspatchesonthemale’swings.Iftheinsectsweretobeattheirwings__39__-acommonbehavioramongmalesapproachingpotentialmates-thepatcheswouldflashonandoff，creatingastrikingsignaleveninvery__40__light.

III.ReadingComprehensions

SectionA

Directions：

Foreachblankinthefollowingpassage，therearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA，B，CandD.Fillineachblankwiththewordorphrasethatbestfitsthecontext。

Whenyouarestuckonaproblem,sometimesitisbesttostopthinkingaboutit—consciously,anyway.Researchhasshownthattakingabreakoranapcanhelpthebraincreate__41__toasolution。

Nowamewstudy__42__ontheeffectofthisso-calledincubation（潜伏期）byusingsoundcuestofocusthesleepingmindonatargetedproblem.

Whenhumanssleep，partsofthebrainreplaycertainmemories,strengtheningandtransformingthem.Aboutadecadeagoresearchersdevelopedatechnique,calledtargetedmemoryreactivation（TMR），aimedatfurtherenhancing__43__memories:

whenasoundbecomesassociatedwithamemoryandislaterplayedduringsleep,thatmemorygets__44__.InastudypublishedlastNovemberinPsychologicalScience，scientiststestedwhether__45__thememoryofapuzzleduringsleepmightalsoimproveproblem—solving.

About60participantsvisitedthelaboratorybeforeandafteranightof__46__。

First,they__47__spatial，verbalandconceptualpuzzles,withadistinctmusiccliprepeatinginthebackgroundforeach，untiltheyhadworkedonsixpuzzlestheycouldnotsolve。

Overnighttheyworeelectrodes（电极）todetectslow—wavesleep,whichmaybeimportantformemoryenhancement-andadeviceplayedthesounds__48__tothreeofthesixunsolvedpuzzles.Thenextday,backatthelab，theparticipantsattemptedthesixpuzzlesagain.（Eachrepeatedtheexperimentwithadifferentsetofpuzzlesthefollowingnight。

）Alltold,thesubjectssolved32percentofthesound-stimulatedpuzzlescomparedwith21percentofthe__49__puzzles.

Theresearchers"verybravelywentforquitecomplextasksthatinvolvedalotofcomplexprocessing，andremarkablytheyfoundthesereallystrongeffectsinalloftheir__50__"，saysPennyLewis,apsychologistatCardiffUniversity，whowasnotinvolvedintheresearch。

"Thesearesuper—coolresults.Nowweneedtogooutandtrytounderstandthembyfirstlyreplicating（复制）themandsecondlytryingto__51__thecomponentprocessesthatareactuallybeinginfluenced。

"

Beyondprovidingnewevidencethathumansrestructurememorieswhilesleeping,theresearchmayhave__52__implications.”Inafuturisticworld,maybeTMRcouldhelpususesleeptoworkonourproblems，”saysleadauthorKristinSanders,whowasagraduatestudentatNorthwesternUniversityduringthestudy。

Sleep-monitoringtechnologyisincreasinglyaccessible-andevenwithoutdevices,prospectivesolvescanfocusonimportantproblemsbefore__53__。

Still,sleepisnot__54__;peopleneedtodotheirhomeworkandloadtheirheadswiththepuzzlepiecesinvolved.”I’mnotgoingtosolvecancerwiththistechnique,"Sanderssays，”becauseIamtotally__55__cancerresearch.”

41.A.applicationsB.commitmentC。

attentionD.pathways

42.A.countsB。

expandsC.insistsD.passes

43。

A。

treasuredB.selectedC。

devotedD.shortened

44。

A.dimmedB。

storedC。

reactivatedD.researched

45。

A。

neglectingB。

examiningC.erasingD.revisiting

46。

A.sleepB。

experimentC。

trainingD.relaxation

47.A.createdB。

solvedC.attemptedD.classified

48.A.assignedB。

transformedC.explainedD。

introduced

49。

A.unsettledB.untargetedC.unstatedD.untested

50.A。

puzzlesB.brainsC.processesD.tasks

51。

A.workoutB。

turntoC。

takeonD。

bringabout

52。

A。

individualB.conceptualC.practicalD。

collective

53。

A.dinnerB。

dawnC。

bedD.schooling

54。

A.significantB。

magicC.fixedD。

possible

55.A。

dependentonB.curiousaboutC。

interestedinD.ignorantof

SectionB

Directions：

Readthefollowingtwopassage。

Eachpassageisfollowedbyseveralquestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA，B，CandD。

Choosetheonethatfitsbestaccordingtotheinformationgiveninthepassageyouhavejustread。

（A）

IconfessIhesitatedwhentheeditorinchiefofTheNewYorkTimesMagazinetoldmeinlate2014thatIwouldbeeditinganewfront—of—bookcolumncalledLetterofRecommendation，aboutstuffpeoplereallylike.Thecolumnwasthebrainchildofourstaffwriter,SamAnderson，heexplained。

Samfiguredthattherewasnoshortageofplacestofindoutwhatwritershatebutfewspacesforwriterstotalkaboutwhattheylove.Wewouldpushagainstthistrend，900wordsaweek,40—sometingtimesperyear.

Thereasonformyhesitationwasasimple，unfortunatefactaboutwriting.Writingaboutthingsyouhateiseasy：

notjustfun，butgenerative。

Thecriticismtendstoentertain，evenifyoudisagree，buttheodedoesn't。

Thewriterlytoneiswell-suitedtoourage，butit'shardnottoseeitasacollectivedefensemechanism—asifrevealingyourtruefeelingsexposesyourunmentionablesecretstothepublic.Obsessions（喜欢），meanwhile,areinseparablefromourpeculiaritiesaspeople—wecometolovethingsforoftenweirdreasons。

Whenthecolumnreallyworks,it'sasrevealingabouttheauthorasitisitssubject.Onewriter，amaninhislate30s，forexample，recommendedPedialyte,whichhedrinkstobalancetheeffectsofbothdrinkingandexercise，andtocheathiswaybacktoyouth.

IprobablyseesomewherebetweenthreeandfiveLetterofRecommendationpitchesaday。

It’sagreatspotfortryingoutnewwritersinthemagazine，soItrymybesttokeepupwithalltheemail,butIoftenfail。

（Ifeelgenuinelyterribleaboutthiseverydayofmylife。

）Determiningwhichtoassigninvolvesseeinghowitmeetsthevariouscriteriawe’ve