Unit 1Unit 2.docx

Unit 1Unit 2.docx

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Unit1Unit2

Unit1

SectionA

Stand

Meaning:

keeporstayinaparticularpositionorstate

tostandstill停止不前

Compare

meaning:

toexamineorjudgetwoormorethingsinordertoshowhowtheyaresimilartoordifferentfromeachother

vt.comparesth/sbwithsth/sb

comparesth/sbtosth/sb

meaning:

usedwhenconsideringthesize,quality,oramountofsomethinginrelationtosomethingsimilar

vt.comparedto/withsth

meaning:

tobebetterorworsethansomethingelse

iv.compare（favourably/unfavourably）withsth

sthdoesn't/can'tcompare（withsth）

meaning:

informaltotalktosomeoneinordertofindoutiftheirexperienceofsomethingisthesameasyours

iv.comparenotes（withsb）

meaning:

literaryaqualitythatisbeyondcompareisthebestofitskind

n.beyond/withoutcompare

☻Budget

Meaning:

themoneythatisavailabletoanorganizationorperson,oraplanofhowitwillbespent

n.（c）budgetof

budgetfor

Meaning:

ifyouareonabudget,youdonothavemuchmoneytospend

n.（c）onabudget

budgetdeficit（=whenmoremoneyhasbeenspentthanisavailable）

budgetcut（=whenlessmoneybecomesavailable）

on/withinbudget（=notcostingmoremoneythanplanned）

underbudget（=costinglessmoneythanplanned）

overbudget（=costingmoremoneythanplanned）

atightbudget（=whenthereisnotmuchmoneyavailable）

balancethebudget（=makesureonlythemoneyavailableisspent）

meaning:

tocarefullyplanandcontrolhowmuchmoneyyouspendandwhatyouwillbuywithit

v.budgetfor

meaning:

1.verylowinprice-oftenusedinadvertisements=cheap

2.usedforsayinghowmuchmoneyhasbeenspentondoingsomething,especiallymakingafilm

Adj.low-budget/big-budget

☻Charge

Meaning:

theamountofmoneyyouhavetopayforgoodsorservices

n.chargeof

chargefor

meaning:

thepositionofhavingcontrolorresponsibilityforagroupofpeopleoranactivity

n.incharge（ofsth）

meaning:

ifsomeoneorsomethingisinyourcharge,youareresponsibleforlookingafterthem

n.bein/undersb'scharge

meaning:

anofficialstatementmadebythepolicesayingthattheybelievesomeonemaybeguiltyofacrime

n.chargeagainst

chargeof

meaning:

awrittenorspokenstatementblamingsomeonefordoingsomethingbadorillegal=allegation

n.chargethat

chargeof

meaning:

anordertodosomething

n.chargetodosth

onacharge（ofsomething）

bring/presscharges（=stateofficiallythatsomeoneisguiltyofacrime）

facecharges（=beaccusedofacrime）

dropthecharges（=decidetostopmakingcharges）

denyacharge（=saythatachargeisuntrue）

admitacharge

pleadguiltytoacharge

bereleasedwithoutcharge

becleared/acquittedofacharge（=whensomeoneisofficiallynotguiltyattheendofatrial）

beconvictedofacharge（=whensomeoneisfoundguiltyattheendofatrial）

lay/leaveyourselfopentoachargeofsth（=belikelytobeblamedforsomething）

meaning:

toasksomeoneforaparticularamountofmoneyforsomethingyouareselling

v.chargesb£10/$50etc（forsth）

chargesthatsth

　chargefor

chargerent/afee/interestetc

meaning:

torecordthecostofsomethingonsomeone'saccount,sothattheycanpayforitlater

vi.chargesthtosb'saccount/roometc

meaning:

topayforsomethingwithacreditcard

v.chargesbwithsth

meaning:

tosaypubliclythatyouthinksomeonehasdonesomethingwrong

v.chargethat

meaning:

todeliberatelyrunorwalksomewherequickly

v.chargearound/through/outetc

meaning:

todeliberatelyrushquicklytowardssomeoneorsomethinginordertoattackthem

v.chargeat/towards/into

meaning:

ifabatterycharges,orifyouchargeit,ittakesinandstoreselectricity

v.chargeup

meaning:

toordersomeonetodosomethingormakethemresponsibleforit

v.chargesbwithdoingsth

Replace

Meaning:

toremovesomeonefromtheirjoborsomethingfromitsplace,andputanewpersonorthingthere

Vt.replacesthwithsth

☻Restless

Meaning:

unwillingtokeepstillorstaywhereyouare,especiallybecauseyouarenervousorbored=fidgety

Adj.become/grow/getrestless

Meaning:

anightduringwhichyoucannotsleeporrest

Adj.restlessnight

☻Elbow

Meaning:

hardworkandeffort,especiallywhencleaningorpolishingsomething

n.（c）elbowgreaseinformal

Meaning:

BrEinformaltotellsomeonethatyounolongerlikethemorwantthemtoworkforyouandthattheyshouldleave

n.（c）givesbtheelbow

Meaning:

enoughspaceinwhichtomoveeasily

n.（c）elbowroom

Meaning:

topushsomeonewithyourelbows,especiallyinordertomovepastthem

Vt.elbowyourwaythrough/past/intoetcsth（=movethroughagroupofpeoplebypushingpastthem）

Opening

Meaning:

1.thetimewhenanewbuilding,roadetcisusedforthefirsttime,orwhenapubliceventbegins,especiallywhenitinvolvesaspecialceremony

2.thebeginningorfirstpartofsomething

3.whensomethingopens,orisopened

n.openingof

Meaning:

aholeorspaceinsomething

n.openingin

Meaning:

achanceforsomeonetodoorsaysomething

n.openingfor

☻Convention

Meaning:

aformalagreement,especiallybetweencountries,aboutparticularrulesorbehaviour=pact,treatytreaty

n.conventionon

Meaning:

behaviourandattitudesthatmostpeopleinasocietyconsidertobenormalandright=custom

n.byconvention

Leisure

Meaning:

ifyoudosomethingatyourleisure,youdoitslowlyandwithouthurrying

n.at（your）leisure

Meaning:

someonewhodoesnothavetowork-usedhumorously

n.gentleman/ladyofleisure

adj＆advleisurely

☻Assess

Meaning:

tomakeajudgmentaboutapersonorsituationafterthinkingcarefullyaboutit=judge

vt.assesstheimpact/extent/effectivenessetcofsth

　assesswhat/howetc

　beassessedassth

Meaning:

tocalculatethevalueorcostofsomething

vt.beassessedatsth

Probe

Meaning:

toaskquestionsinordertofindthingsout,especiallythingsthatotherpeopledonotwantyoutoknow

vt.probeinto

☻Consequently=asaresult

Given

Meaning:

anyparticulartime,situation,amountetcthatisbeingusedasanexample

adj.any/agiven...

atanygiventime/moment

Meaning:

formaltotendtodosomething,especiallysomethingthatyoushouldnotdo

adj.begivento（doing）sth

Meaning:

toacceptthatsomethingistrueorexists,especiallywhenyouaredevelopinganideaorargument

adj.takesthasgiven

Meaning:

takingsomethingintoaccount

prep.giventhat

☻Significance

Meaning:

1.theimportanceofanevent,actionetc,especiallybecauseoftheeffectsorinfluenceitwillhaveinthefuture

n（u）significanceof

significancefor

great/littlesignificance（insth）

grasp/appreciatethesignificance（ofsth）（=fullyunderstandsomething）

Meaning:

themeaningofaword,sign,actionetc,especiallywhenthisisnotimmediatelyclear

n（u）significanceof

full/real/truesignificance

☻Conduct

Meaning:

tocarryoutaparticularactivityorprocess,especiallyinordertogetinformationorprovefacts

vt.conductasurvey/investigation/reviewetc

conductanexperiment/atest

　conductacampaign

conductaninterview

Meaning:

tostandinfrontofagroupofmusiciansorsingersanddirecttheirplayingorsinging→conductor

v.conductanorchestra/choir

Meaning:

formaltobehaveinaparticularway,especiallyinasituationwherepeoplejudgeyoubythewayyoubehave

v.conductyourself

Meaning:

formaltotakeorleadsomeonesomewhere

v.conductsbtosth

　conductedtour（ofsth）（=atourofabuilding,city,orareawithsomeonewhotellsyouaboutthatplace）

Meaning:

thewaysomeonebehaves,especiallyinpublic,intheirjobetc=behaviour

n.ethical/professionaletcconduct

improper/violent/offensiveetcconduct

Meaning:

thewayinwhichanactivityisorganizedandcarriedout

n.conductofsth

Increasingly

Meaning:

moreandmoreallthetime

Elapse

Meaning:

formalifaparticularperiodoftimeelapses,itpasses

☻Competent

Meaning:

havingenoughskillorknowledgetodosthwellortothenecessarystandard

adjective~（todosth）

☻Fulfill

Meaning:

ifyoufulfilahope,wish,oraim,youachievethethingthatyouhopedfor,wishedforetc

vt.fulfilanaim/agoal/anobjective

Meaning:

todoorprovidewhatisnecessaryorneeded

vt.fulfilarole/duty/functionetc

　fulfilarequirement/condition/obligationetc

Meaning:

formaltodowhatyousaidyouwoulddo

vt.fulfilapromise/pledgeetc

Meaning:

tofeelsatisfiedbecauseyouareusingallyourskills,qualitiesetc

vt.fulfilyourself

☻Acute

Meaning:

1【problem】2【feeling】3【illness】4【senses】5【intelligent】

6【mathematics】7【punctuation】

☻surroundings

Meaning:

nearby

inrelaxedsurroundings在轻松的环境里

☻obtain

Meaning:

togetsomethingthatyouwant,especiallythroughyourowneffort,skill,orwork=get

v.obtainsthfromsb/sth

obtainsththroughsth　

☻efficient

Meaning:

ifsomeoneorsomethingisefficient,theyworkwellwithoutwastingtime,money,orenergy

☻Fallbehind落后；跟不上

Fallbackupon求助于

Falldownon未能符合

Falloutwith与...失和

Fallthrough失败，落空

☻Resultin造成······的结果

Subject+V-ing（orV-ed）

☻Slavetosth.成为...的奴隶，奴隶于...

☻Nothingbut仅仅，只不过

☻Accountfor说明；解释

☻Runout耗尽，用完

Inarush=inahurry匆匆忙忙

☻Gowith同时发生；伴随

Racethrough匆匆完成

Gothrough经历

Getthrough用完，完成某事，通过

Livethrough经历某事而幸存

Comethrough传来，康复，还活着

Take...personally针对个人的

Workat致力于，从事

☻Inperson亲身；亲自

Save...for留于以后用或做...

☻Athand在手边

☻Dueto:

由于tobeduepartlyto部分由于

Inone’seyes在······眼里

Takeas=regardas把...看作

Withspeed=fastorquickly迅速，高速

☻Pourinto大量投入（精力或金钱等）

underpressure处于压力之下

understress在压力下

undercontrol在控制中

underthethreatof在...威胁之下

undersuspicion受到怀疑

tohavelittleornorelationto与···关系不大或没有关系

havenothingtodowith与...没有关系

havenobearingon与...没有关系

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