换词.docx
《换词.docx》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《换词.docx(15页珍藏版)》请在冰点文库上搜索。
换词
PartⅥTranslation
72.fewerthanfivecentimetersofrainayear
[详细解答]“不足五厘米的降雨”可以译为fewerthanfivecentimetersofrain,也可译为arainfalloffewerthanfivecentimeters;“年降雨量”中的“(每)年”可译为后置定语ayear,也可译为前置定语annual,而rainfall常与annual.搭配,故此处还可译为anannualrainfalloffewerthanfivecentimeters。
73.madebygrassesasthewaterslowlymovesthem
[详细解答]通过分析句子结构可知,所译部分应为noise的后置定语。
noise和“发出”是被动关系,因此要用被动语态来表示;“当……时”可译为as或when,“推动”可译为move。
74.spendminimumtimesightseeingoutsidetheparks
[详细解答]花……时间做某事”应译为spendsometimeonsth./(in)doingsth.。
虽然中文部分给出了“最少的”,但句中并没有明确的比较关系,因此译为minimum比least更为恰当;“游览”可译为sightsee或visit,故此处还可译为spendminimumtimevisiting(places)outsidetheparks。
[考点]以下结构都可以表示“花……时间做某事”:
①sb.spendsometimeonsth./(in)doingsth.,如:
Ispentanhouronmyhomework.我花了一个小时的时间做家庭作业。
②“ittakes/took(sb.)sometimetodosth+如:
Ittakesaboutthirtyminutestogotherebybus.坐公共汽车去那儿大概要花30分钟。
75.toidleawaythehourswatchingTVeachday
[详细解答]由给出的中英文可知,该句包含too...to...的结构,表示“太……而不能……”,直接包含否定概念,因此所译部分尤须含有否定词。
“将时间浪费在……上”可译为idleawaysometimedoingsth.也可直接译为wastetimeon(doing)sth.,而“每天”可译为eachday或everyday,故此处还可译为toidleawaythehourswatchingTVeach/everyday或towastetimeonwatchingTVeach/everyday。
76.thathemighthimselfhavebeenaneye-witness
[详细解答]由给出的中英文可知,该句包含such...that...的结构,再结合中文可知,that之后的内容应采用虚拟语气,表示对过去事实的虚拟,且强调一种可能性,谓语应为mighthavedone的形式。
此处没有表明“看见”的对象,因此可用eye-witness来表示“看见”;为了强调“亲眼”,又加上himself。
词语搭配
换词
要明确哪些该换,哪些不能换。
专有名词绝对不能替换;多音节的那种大词(名,形,动),像responsibility,spectacular,misrepresent...一般不要换;比较怪异的非日常生活用语以及被反复强调的也许很常用但是在题中有特殊涵义的词不能换...这些应该都比较好把握。
可以换的就是那些通俗常用的义项,表达多用副词,介词,小词,熟词的意义。
举个例子,
TherearemoreandmorepeopleinShanghai可以换成thepopulationisincreasing;
AisharmfultoB可以换成Abringsharmto,AendangersB,AposesathreattoB,BsuffersmuchfromA;
AenablesBtodosth可以换成AmakesitpossibleforBtodosth,Bisnowabletodosththanksto/dueto/becauseofA......
这些变化要能快速反映出来,并非一朝一夕,只有平时多积累才能略有小成。
就是熟悉各种句式,语法结构功能,同义词等等。
这个过程其实是和写作紧密联系的。
平时注意不要让表达单调,有意识多换词表达同一个意思,久而久之就能冰冻三尺了。
词语替换集锦
动词替换集锦
做:
do=exercise,practice,perform
(做法:
behavior=exercise,practice,performance)
对…有益处:
begoodfor.=dogoodto
=bebeneficialto
=beadvantageousto
=beconduciveto
对…有害处:
beharmful/badfor
=bedetrimentalto
=bedisadvantageousto
=beperniciousto
集中精力于:
focuson=A devoteoneselfto
dedicateoneselfto
commitoneselfto
=B engageoneselfin
employoneselfin
认为:
think=A argue,assert,contend,claim
=B maintain,insist
=C holdtheviewpointthat
holdthestandpointthat
holdtheperspectivethat
=D harbouranidea/opinionthat
embraceaviewthat
(观点:
viewpoint,standpoint,perspective)
反对:
beagainst=reject,object,oppose
=beopposedto
=becomehostileto
支持:
support=takesideswith
=advocate
=lendsupportto
=singhighpraiseof
导致:
leadto=trigger
=resultin,bringabout
=giveriseto,givebirthto,beresponsiblefor
(归咎于:
beascribedto=beattributedto)
读(read)&学(learn)=接触到makecontactwith,haveaccessto,exposeto
=获得obtain,attain,acquire
将……揭露/……暴露于=beexposedto,gainexposureto
发展(develop),提高(increase),改善(improve)
=A 及物动词组promote, advance, enhance, reinforce
名词 promotion,advancement,enhancement,reinforcement
=B 不及物动词rocket, soar, boom, flourish, prosper(-ing)
面临,面对:
face,encounter,confront,
befacedwith=beencounteredwith=bepoisedonthebrinkof
破坏:
destroy,damage=A decompose,destruct
=B endanger,threaten
=C impair,decimate,deteriorate
=Dexercise/practice/perform+damage/danger…upon
阻碍:
limit=A restrict,restrain,constrict,constrain(v.)
=B obstacle,barricaden.
=C smother,curb(v.)
=D hinder,impede(v.)theprogress/developmentof
下结论:
makeaconclusion=drawaaconclusionthat
reachaconclusionthat
arriveataconclusionthat
hammeraconclusionthat
crystallizeaconclusionthat
使用:
use=employ,apply,adopt,=resortto
解决:
solve,handle,tackle
dealwith,copewith
减轻:
reduce=A lessen,lighten,lower
=B mitigate,alleviate
=Cdecrease,degrade
形容词替换集锦
难的:
difficult=troublesome=burdensome=thorny
不可或缺的:
necessary=indispensable=inevitable=irreplaceable=unavoidable
重要的:
important=siginificant,crucial,critical,essential,vital
importance=beofcruciality=beofcriticality=beofessentiality=beofvitality
巨大的:
large=enormous,tremendous,considerable,appreciable
有道理的:
reasonable=rational=plausible
吸引人的:
attractive=inviting=appealing
足够的:
enough=adequate=sufficient
很多,许多:
A awealthof
afloodof
vastarraysof
B atremendous(enormous/considerable/appreciable)amount(number/sum)of
更,越来越:
moreandmore
=A更+ 具体名词(比如钱,人数等)agrowing/increasing/climbingnumber/amount/sumof
抽象名词(比如影响,重要性)growing/increasing/climbing
=B更+形容词growingly/increasingly/climbingly
=C更+动词toalargerextent(adv.)
名词替换集锦
日常生活:
dailylives=day-to-daylives
=everydaylives
因素:
cause,reason=factor,determinant
联系:
relationship(relateAtoB)
=connection(connectAtoB)
=association(associateAtoB)
优点:
advantage=benefit=superiority=merit
=favorableaspects/respects/perspectives
=desirableaspects/respects/perspectives
缺点:
disadvantage=drawback=inferiority=defect=deficiency
=unfavorableaspects/respects/perspectives
=undesirableaspects/respects/perspectives
英语写作中100个使用频率较高的词语搭配
1.经济的快速发展 therapiddevelopmentofeconomy
2.人民生活水平的显著提高/稳步增长 theremarkableimprovement/steadygrowthofpeople’slivingstandard
3.先进的科学技术 advancedscienceandtechnology
4.面临新的机遇和挑战 befacedwithnewopportunitiesandchallenges
5.人们普遍认为 Itiscommonlybelieved/recognizedthat…
6.社会发展的必然结果 theinevitableresultofsocialdevelopment
7.引起了广泛的公众关注 arousewidepublicconcern/drawpublicattention
8.不可否认 Itisundeniablethat…/Thereisnodenyingthat…
9.热烈的讨论/争论 aheateddiscussion/debate
10.有争议性的问题 acontroversialissue
11.完全不同的观点 atotallydifferent/differedargument
12.一些人…而另外一些人… Somepeople…whileothers…
13.就我而言/就个人而言 AsfarasIamconcerned,/Personally,
14.就…达到绝对的一致 reachanabsoluteconsensuson…
15.有充分的理由支持 besupportedbysoundreasons
16.双方的论点 argumentonbothsides
17.发挥着日益重要的作用 playanincreasinglyimportantrolein…
18.对…必不可少 beindispensableto…
19.正如谚语所说 Astheproverbgoes:
20.…也不例外 …benoexception
21.对…产生有利/不利的影响 exertpositive/negativeeffectson…
22.利远远大于弊 theadvantagesfaroutweighthedisadvantages. overwhelming
23.导致,引起 leadto/giveriseto/contributeto/resultin
24.复杂的社会现象 acomplicatedsocialphenomenon
25.责任感/成就感 senseofresponsibility/senseofachievement
26.竞争与合作精神 senseofcompetitionandcooperation
27.开阔眼界 widenone’shorizon/broadenone’svision
28.学习知识和技能 acquireknowledgeandskills
29.经济/心理负担 financialburden/psychologicalburden
30.考虑到诸多因素 takemanyfactorsintoaccount/consideration
31.从另一个角度 fromanotherperspective
32.做出共同努力 makejointefforts
33.对…有益 bebeneficial/conduciveto…
34.为社会做贡献 makecontributionstothesociety
35.打下坚实的基础 layasolidfoundationfor…
36.综合素质 comprehensivequality
37.无可非议 blameless/beyondreproach
39.致力于/投身于 becommitted/devotedto…
40.应当承认 Admittedly,
41.不可推卸的义务 unshakableduty
42. 满足需求 satisfy/meettheneedsof…
43.可靠的信息源 areliablesourceofinformation
44.宝贵的自然资源 valuablenaturalresources
45.因特网 theInternet(一定要由冠词,字母I大写)
46.方便快捷 convenientandefficient
47.在人类生活的方方面面 inallaspectsofhumanlife
48.环保(的) environmentalprotection/environmentallyfriendly
49.社会进步的体现 asymbolofsocietyprogress
50.科技的飞速更新 theever-acceleratedupdatingofscienceandtechnology
51.对这一问题持有不同态度 holddifferentattitudestowardsthisissue
52.支持前/后种观点的人 people/thoseinfavoroftheformer/latteropinion
53.有/提供如下理由/证据 have/providethefollowingreasons/evi