职称英语真题理工类b级试题.docx

职称英语真题理工类b级试题.docx

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职称英语真题理工类b级试题

2014年职称英语真题理工类b级试题（word版）

第1部分：

词汇选项（第1～15题，每题1分，共15分）

下面每个句子中均有1个词或者短语划有底横线，请为每处划线部分确定1个意义最为接近的选项。

1.Themajorityofpeoplearoundhereare?

decent.A.real?

B.honest?

C.normalD.wealthy

2.Thecurriculumwastoonarrowandtoo?

rigid.A.hiddenB.traditional?

C.inflexible?

D.official

3.Thecommitteewasaskedto?

render?

areportonthehousingsituation.A.furnish?

B.copyC.publishD.summarize

4.Afterwardstherewasjustafeelingof?

letdown.A.excitement?

B.disappointment?

C.angerD.calm

5.Severalwindowshadbeen?

smashed.A.cleanedB.replacedC.fixed?

D.broken

6.Theworst?

agonies?

ofthewarwerenowbeginning.A.pains?

B.partsC.aspectsD.results

7.Londonquicklybecamea?

flourishing?

port.A.majorB.large?

C.successful?

D.commercial

8.Shefeltthatshehaddonehergood?

deed?

fortheday.A.homeworkB.justiceC.model?

D.act

9.Heledavery?

moral?

life.A.humanB.intelligentC.natural?

D.honorable

10.Hisstomachfelt?

hollow?

withfear.A.sincereB.respectful?

C.empty?

D.terrible

11.Itwasamagicnightuntilthe?

spell?

wasbroken.A.time?

B.charm?

C.spaceD.opportunity

12.Hisprofessionalcareer?

spanned?

16years.A.startedB.changedC.moved?

D.lasted

13.Theyaretryingto?

identify?

whatiswrongwiththepresentsystem.A.discover?

B.proveC.considerD.imagine

14.HisknowledgeofFrenchis?

fair.A.veryusefulB.verylimited?

C.quitegood?

D.ratherspecial

15.Thegroupdoesnot?

advocate?

theuseofviolence.A.limitB.regulateC.oppose?

D.Support

答案：

1-5BCABD6-10ACDDC11-15BDACD

第二部分：

阅读判断

下面的短文后列出了7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断：

如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择A;如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择B;如果该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择C。

SoMany'Earths'

TheMilkyWay（银河）containsbillionsofEarth-sizedplanetsthatcouldsupportlifethat'sthefindingofanewstudy.ItdrawsondatethatcamefromNASA'stopplanet-huntingtelescope.

AmechanicalfailurerecentlyputthatKeplerspacetelescopeoutofservice.Keplerhadplayedabigroleincreatingacensusofplanetsorbitingsome170,000stars.Itsdatahavebeenhelpingastronomerspredicthowcommonplanetsareinourgalaxy.ThetelescopefocusedonhuntingplanetsthatmighthaveconditionssimilartothoseonEarth.

Theauthorsofastudy,publishedinTheProceedingsoftheNationalAcademyofsciences,concludethatbetween14and30outofevery100stars,withamassandtemperaturesimilartotheSun,mayhostaplanetthatcouldsupportlifeasweknowit.

SuchaplanetwouldhaveadiameteratleastaslargeasEarth's,butnomorethantwicethatbig.Theplanetalsowouldhavetoorbitinastar'shabitablezone.That'swherethesurfacetemperaturewouldallowanywatertoexistasaliquid.

Thenewestimateofhowmanyplanetsmightfittheseconditionscomesfromstudyingmorethan42,000starsandidentifyingsuitableworldsorbitingthem.Thescientistsusedthosenumberstoextrapolate（推算）totherestofthestarsthatthetelescopecouldnotsee.

Theestimateisrough,theauthorsadmit.Ifappliedtothesolarsystem,itwoulddefineashabitableazonestartingasclosetotheSunasVenusandrunningtoasfarawayasMars.NeitherplanetisEarthlike（althougheithermighthavebeeninthedistantpast）.Usingtighterlimits,theresearchersestimatethatbetween4and8outofevery100SunlikestarscouldhostanEarth-sizedworld.Theseareonesthatwouldtake200to400daystocompleteayearlyorbit.

Fouroutofevery100sunlikestarsdoesn'tsoundlikeabignumber.Itwouldmean,however,thattheMilkyWaycouldhostmorethanabillionEarth-sizedplanetswithachangeforlife.

16.TheKeplerspacetelescopehasbeeninservicefor15years.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

17.ThemaintaskoftheKeplerspacetelescopeistofindoutplanetswithsimilarconditionstoEarth's.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

18.TheplanetthatcouldsupportlifemightbealittlebitsmallerthanEarth.A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

19.TheEarthisplanetorbitingintheSun'shabitablezone.A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

20.Thenewfindingisbasedonathoroughstudyof170,000starsintheMilkyWay.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

21.Theestimateofthenumberofplanetsthatcouldsupportlifeisnotveryaccurate.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

22.Thisisthefirstresearchfindingabouttheplanetswithachanceforlife.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

答案：

16.C17.A18.B19.A20.B21.A22.C

第三部分：

概括大意与完成句子

阅读下面这篇短文，短文后有2项测试，任务：

（1）1-4题要求从所给的4个选项中为段每段选择1个正确的小标题;

（2）第5-8题要求从所给的5个选项中选择4个正确选项，分别完成每个句子。

ClimateChange:

TheLongReach

1.Earthiswarming.Sealevelsarerising.There'smorecarbonintheair,andArcticiceismeltingfasterthanatanytimeinrecordedhistory.Scientistswhostudytheenvironmenttobettergauge（评估）.Earth'sfutureclimatenowarguethatthesechangesmaynotreverseforaverylongtime.

2.Peopleburnfossilfuelslikecoalandoilforenergy.Thatburningreleasescarbondioxide,acolorlessgas.Intheair,thisgastrapsheatatEarth'ssurface.Andthemorecarbondioxidereleased,themoretheplanetwarms.Ifcurrentconsumptionoffossilfuelsdoesn'tslow,thelong-termclimateimpactscouldlastthousandsofyears-andbemoreseverethanscientistshadbeenexpecting.ClimatologistRichardZeebeoftheUniversityofHawaiiatManoaoffersthisconclusioninanewpaper.

3.Mostclimate-changestudieslookatwhat'sgoingtohappeninthenextcenturyorso.Duringthattime,changesintheplanet'senvironmentcouldnudge（推动）globalwarmingevenhigher.Forexample:

Snowandicereflectsunlightbackintospace.Butasthesemelt,sunlightcannowreach--andwarm–theexposedground.Thisextraheatraisestheairtemperatureevenmore,causingevenmoresnowtomelt.Thistypeofrapidexaggerationofimpactsiscalleda‘fastfeedback'.

4.Zeebesaysit'simportanttolookatfastfeedbacks.However,headds,they'relimited.Fromaclimatechangeperspective,‘Thiscenturyisthemostimportanttimeforthenextfewgenerations',hetoldScienceNews“Buttheworldisnotendingin2100”.Forhisnewstudy.Zeebehowfocuseson“slowfeedbacks”.Whilefastfeedbackeventsunfoldoverdecadesorcenturies,slowfeedbackscantakethousandsofyears.Meltingofcontinentalicesheetsandthemigrationofplantlife---astheyrelocatetomorecomfortableareas---aretwoexamplesofslowfeedbacks.

5.Zeebegatheredinformationfrompreviouslypublishedstudiesinvestigatinghowsuchprocessesplayedoutoverthousandsofyearsduringpastdramaticchangesinclimate.Thenhecameupwithaforecastforthefuturethataccountsforbothslowandfastfeedbackprocesses.ClimateforecaststhatuseonlyfastfeedbackspredictadegreeCelsiusdegreeFahrenheit）changebytheyear3000.Butslowfeedbacksaddedanother℃--fora6totalincrease,Zeebereports.Healsofoundthatslowfeedbackeventswillcauseglobalwarmingtopersistforthousandsofyearsafterpeoplerunoutoffossilfuelstoburn.

23.Paragraph2________24.Paragraph3________25.Paragraph4________26.Paragraph5________

A.ApredictionoffutureclimatechangeB.ImpactofburningfossilfuelsC.Fastfeedbacks

D.UnpredictabilityoffeedbackprocessesE.RisingofsealevelsF.Slowfeedbacks

答案：

23.B24.C25.F

27.Arcticicehasneverbeenmeltingsofastin_______

28.Meltingofsnowandiceenablessunlighttoreach________

29.Zeebecameupwithhisfutureclimatepredictionbyanalyzing________

30.Afterfossilfuelsareusedup,globalwarmingwillcontinuefor________

A.rapidexaggerationofimpactsB.averylongtimeC.theextraheat

D.previouslypublishedstudiesE.theexposedgroundF.recordedhistory

答案：

27.F28.E29.D

第4部分：

阅读理解（第31～45题，每题3分，共45分）

下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题。

请根据短文内容，为每题确定1个最佳选项。

第一篇Eye-trackerLotsYouDragandDropFileswithaGlance

Boredofusingamouse?

Soonyou'llbeabletochangestuffonyourcomputerscreen–andthenmoveitdirectlyontoyoursmartphoneortablet（平板电脑）–withnothingmorethanaglance.

AsystemcalledEyeDropusesahead-mountedeyetrackerthatsimultaneouslyrecordsyourfieldofviewsoitknowswhereyouarelookingonthescreen.Gazingatanobject–aphoto,say–andthenpressingakey,selectsthatobject.Itcanthenbemovedfromthescreentoatabletorsmartphonejustbyglancingattheseconddevice,aslongasthetwoareconnectedwirelessly.

"Thebeautyofusinggazetosupportthisisthatoureyesnaturallyfocusoncontentthatwewanttoacquire,"saysJaysonTurner,whodevelopedthesystemwithcolleaguesatLancasterUniversity,UK.

TurnerbelievesEyeDropwouldbeusefultotransferaninteractivemaporcontactinformationfromapublicdisplaytoyoursmartphoneorforsharingphotos.

Abuttonneedstobeusedtoselecttheobjectyouarelookingatotherwiseyouendupwiththe"Midastouch"（点石成金）effect,wherebyeverythingyoulookatgetsselectedbyyourgaze,saysTurner."Imagineifyourmouseclickedoneverythingitpointedat,"hesays.

ChristianHolz,aresearcherinhuman-computerinteractionatYahooLabsinSunnyvale,California,saysthesystemisanicetakeongettingroundthisfundamentalproblemofusinggaze-trackingtointeract."EyeDropsolvesthisinaslick（灵巧的）waybycombiningitwithinputonthetouchdeviceswecarrywithusmostofthetimeanywayandusingtouchinputasaclutchingmechanism,"hesays."Thisnowallowsuserstoseamlessly（无缝地）interactacrossdevicesfarandcloseinaverynaturalmanner."

Whilecurrenteye-trackersareratherbulky,mainstreamconsumerdevicesarenottoofaraway.SwedishfirmTobiiisdevelopinggaze-trackingtechnologythatcanbeinstalledinlaptopsandtabletsandisexpectedtobeavailabletobuynextyear.An