普通昆虫学双语考试试题.docx

普通昆虫学双语考试试题.docx

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普通昆虫学双语考试试题

普通昆虫学双语考试试题（卷）

1.Definitions.Brieflydefinethefollowingterms

halteres-Themodifiedhindwingsarereducedtoapairofbalancingorganscalledhalteres.seemtofunctionasstabilizersorasairspeeddetectors.

Holotype-Thesinglespecimendesignatedorotherwisefixedasthename-bearingtypeofanominalspeciesorsubspecieswhenthenominaltaxonisestablished.

Species-agroupofindividualsorpopulationsinnaturethatarecapableofinterbreedingandproducingfertileoffspring,reproductivelyisolatedfromothersuchgroups,andfundamentallysimilarinstructure

frontalsuture-ThissutureisusuallyintheshapeofaninvertedU,extendingfromabovethebasesoftheantennaelateroventradtowardthelowermarginsofthecompoundeyes,andmarksthebreakintheheadwallthroughwhichtheptilinumwasevertedatthetimeofthefly’semergencefromthepuparium.

principleofpriority-Thevalidnameofataxonistheoldestavailablenameappliedtoit.

homonym-oneandthesamenamefortwoormoredifferenttaxa.

Tarsalformula-thenumberoftarsalsegmentsonthefront,middle,andhindtarsi,respectively.

Crochets-smallhookedspinesatthetipoftheprolegsoflepidopterouslarvae.

Spuriousvein-inSyrphidaeofdiptera,aveinlikethickeningofthewingmembranebetweentwotrueveins;anadventitiouslongitudinalveinbetweentheradiusandthemedia,crossingther-mcrossvein.

Propodeum-theposteriorportionofthethorax,whichisactuallythefirstabdominalsegmentunitedwiththethorax（Hymenoptera,suborderApocrita）

2.Fillintheblanksinthefollowingtable.

Groupor

（Sub）orderName

Common

Name

MeaningoftheGroupor（Sub）orderName

Diptera

FLIES

twowinged

HEMIPTERA

truebugs

halfwinged

Coleoptera

Beetles

ELYTRA

HYMEOPTERA

Wasps

Membranouswing

  TheInternationalcodeofZoologicalNomenclatureregulatesthenamesoftaxainthefamilygroup,genusgroup,andspeciesgroup. 

 Thenamesofcategoriesfromtribethroughsuperfamilyhavestandardendingsandhencecanalwaysberecognizedasreferringtoaparticularcategory.Superfamilynamesendin–oidea,Familynamesendin–idea,Subfamilynamesendin–inae,Tribenamesendin–ini. 

 Iftheauthor’snameisinparentheses,itmeansthathedescribedthespeciesinsomegenusotherthantheoneinwhichitisnowplaced.

 ForewingofHemipteraconsistsofthreesections,thecorium（cor）,clavus（cl）andmembrane,sometimes,acuneusissetoffbyasutureintheapicalpartofthecorium

3.MultipleChoice.（1pointeach）

（1）Neuropteraundergowhattypeofmetamorphosis?

A.AmetabolousB.Holometabolous

C.HemimetabolousD.Hypermetamorphosis

（2）Whichorderismostlyphytophagousandhaspiercing-suckingmouthparts?

A.HemipteraB.ThysanopteraC.PhthirapteraD.Psocoptera

（3）Nametheorderofsmalltomediumsizedinsectswithnarrowwingswithalongsetal（hair）fringe:

A.HemipteraB.ThysanopteraC.PhthirapteraD.Psocoptera

（4）WhichHemimetabolousinsectorderhaschewingmouthparts:

A.HemipteraB.ColeopteraC.NeuropteraD.Orthoptera

（5）Whichorderischaracterizedbyhavingscalecoveredwingsandmouthpartsasacoiledproboscis?

A.TricopteraB.MecopteraC.ColeopteraD.Lepidoptera

（6）ThefollowinggroupsareallintheOrthopteraexcept:

A.earwigsB.grasshoppersC.katydidsD.crickets

（7）Whatorderofinsectscontainsmorespeciesthananyotherorder?

A.ColeopteraB.HymenopteraC.DipteraD.Lepidoptera

（8）AnorderbelongingtotheSubclassApterygotais:

A.CollembolaB.SiphonapteraC.MallophagaD.Thysanoptera

（9）WhichcommonnameisNOTassociatedwiththeorderHomoptera?

A.AphidB.LeafhopperC.ScaleinsectD.Walkingstick

（10）WhichcommonnamesareassociatedwithinsectsintheorderDiptera?

A.WaspsandantsB.Beetlesandweevils

C.FliesandmosquitoesD.Grasshoppersandcrickets

（11）Lepidopteraincludes:

A.waspsB.mothsC.caddisfliesD.fleas

（12）IdentifyingcharacterofCoccinellidae（ladybirdbeetles）

A.AntennaeclubbedB.Tarsi4-4-4C.larvalandadultarepredatorsD.Bodyformelongate.

（13）whichfamilyarepiercing-suckingMouthparts?

A.AphidaeB.CoccidaeC.ReduviidaeD.Fulgoridae

（14）whichantennaebelongtoDiptera?

A.FiliformB.moniliformC.aristateD.lamellate

（15）whichorderundergoHolometabolousdevelopment?

A.LepidopteraB.DipteraC.HemipteraD.Thysanoptera

（16）Thefollowingnamesarecorrectexcept:

A.LocustaMigratoriamanilensis（Mayen）B.popilliajaponicaNewmanC.PierismeleteMenet.D.TrematodestenebrioidesPallas

（17）.IdentifyingcharacterofCerambycidae：

A.longfiliformantennaeB.eyesnotched“v”型凹刻

C.Tarsiapparently4-4-4,really5-5-5D.chewingmouthparts

（18）.Whichfamilyaresocialinsect?

A.antsB.beesC.termites（Isoptera）D.mosquitoes

（19）.IdentifyingcharacterofHesperidae（Skippers）

A.fiveRbranchesinthefrontwingnostalkedB.night-active

C.antennaewithhook-tippedclubs.D.piercing-suckingmouthparts

（20）In,somespeciesatleastarepiercing-suckingmouthparts.

A.DipteraB.HomopteraC.HemipteraD.Anoplura

4.Trueor3.MultipleChoice.

（1）B.

（2）A.（3）B.（4）D.（5）D.（6）A.（7）A.（8）A.（9）D.（10）C.（11）B.

（12）A.B.C.D.（13）A.B.C.D.（14）A.B.C.（15）A.B.（16）A.B.C.（17）.A.B.C.D.（18）.A.B.C.（19）.A.C..D.（20）A.B.C.

False.（1pointeach）

1）1）      Apterygotaareinsectsthatareprimitively（evolutionarily）wingless.

2）2）      SpringtailsbelongintheclassCollembola.

3）3）      Coleopteralarvaehaveprolegsonabdominalsegment.

4）4）      Grasshoppershavespecializedfrontwingscalledtegmina.

5）5）      Hymenopterahaveachewingmouthtype.

6）6）      EruciformlarvaeoccuronlyintheLepidoptera.

7）7）      ThysanopterabelonginthesubclassApterygota.

8）8）      ThemouthpartsofalladultLepidopteraaresiphoningmouthparts.

9）9）      ExceptforDiptera,otherordershavetwopairsofwings.

10）10）  Thenamesofgeneraalwaysbeginwithacapitalletter;speciesandsubspeciesnamesmaybebeginwithacapitalletterordonot；theauth1）   

 T;      2）   T; 3）   F; 4） T;   5）   F;  6）  T;  7）  F;   8） F;  9）  F;   10）  For’snamebeginwithacapitalletter.

5.Short-answer,Essay.Brieflycompletethefollowingquestions.（5pointseach）

（1）.Howtoidentifyanunknowninsect?

  Byhavingitidentifiedforhimbyanexpert

  Bycomparingitwithlabeledspecimensinacollection

   Bycomparingitwithpictures

Bycomparingitwithdescriptions Byusingananalyticalkey 

（2）.Howtodistinguishbetweenabutterflyandamoth?

CHARACTERISTIC

BUTTERFLIES

MOTHS

Antennae

Club-likewithaswollentip

Feathery

HowtheForewingandHindwingareHeldTogetherinFlight

Withanenlargedhumerallobeoneachhindwing

Withafrenulum（bristlesorspinesoneachhindwing）

RestingStance

Wingserectandheldtogetherwhileresting

Wingsopenandfoldedoveritsbackwhileresting,lookinglikethetrainofaweddinggown.

PeriodofActivity

Usuallyactiveduringtheday

Usuallyactiveatnight（andattractedtolight）

Pupa

Pupateasanunprotectedchrysalishangingfromabranchorothersupport

Protectedbyacocoonorpupateundergroundorontheground

6.English-ChineseTranslation:

TranslatetheparagraphsintoChinese.（5points）

Caeliferaarepredominantlyday-active,fast-moving,visuallyacute,terrestrialherbivores,andincludesomedestructiveinsectssuchasmigratorylocusts.Ensiferaaremoreoftennight-active,camouflagedormimetic,andarepredators,omnivoresorphytophages.

 剑尾亚目主要白天活动，移动迅速，视觉敏锐，陆生植食性，包括许多害虫如飞蝗。

锥尾亚目则主要是夜出性，伪装或拟态，捕食性、杂食性或植食性 

7.Keys.Pleasemakeakeytothefollowingfamilies.（25points）

CicadellidaeChrysomelidaeNoctuidaeArctiidaeMiridaeTettigoniidaePentatomidaeTenebrionidaeAleyrodidaeCulicidaeApidaeAcrididae

蝽科盲蝽科拟步甲科叶蝉科蜜蜂科蝗科

蚊科夜蛾科灯蛾科螽斯科粉虱科叶甲科

7.Keys.Pleasemakeakeytothefollowingfamilies.

普通昆虫学小测验

（1）

True/False:

1.Spiders,ticks,andhorseshoecrabsbelongtothesubphylum

Mandibulata.

2.Dragonfliesaremorecloselyrelatedtoscorpionfliesthanto

stoneflies.

3.Theimmaturestagesofsomeholometabolousinsectsarecallednaiads.

4.InsectsintheordersOrthopteraandHymenopterahavechewing

mouthparts.

5.BothArthropodsandOnychophoranshaveopencirculatorysystems.

MultipleChoice:

6.WhichinsectorderismostcloselyrelatedtoDiptera?

A.HymenopteraC.OrthopteraB.PlecopteraD.Thysanura

7.Towhichclassofarthropodsdolobstersandshrimpbelong?

A.CrustaceaC.ArachnidaB.MyriapodaD.Xiphosura

8.TheorderHemipteracontains:

A.Bedbugsandstinkbugs

B.Chewingandsuckinglice

C.Roachesandmantids

D.Cricketsandgrasshoppers

9.WhichorderisNOTholometabolous?

ASiphonapteraC.HymenopterBThysanopteraDNeuroptera

10.Whichorderisexclusivelyherbivorous?

ATrichopteraC.OdonataB.PhasmatodeaD.Thysanoptera

11.Whichorderisexclusivelyparasitic?

A.DipluraC.PhthirapteraB.ZorapteraD.Diptera

12.SuckingmouthpartsareNOTfoundin:

A.FleasCLiceBFliesD.Ants

13.Allametabolousinsectsare:

A.PredatoryC.WinglessB.EndognathousDAllofthese

14.ImmaturesoftheNeuropterawouldbeclassifiedas:

A.ScavengersC.ParasitesB.HerbivoresD.Predators

15.WhatdotheordersMantodea,Dermaptera,andIsopterahave

incommon?

AWinglessnessCChewingmouthpartsBHerbivoryDAllofthese

Matching:

Matcheachinsectintheleftcolumnwithitscorrectordernamein

therightcolumn.

16.SilverfishA.Trichoptera

B.Mecoptera

17.StonefliesC.Psocoptera

D.Orthoptera

18.ScorpionfliesE.