大学英语 英国文学 判断对错.docx

大学英语 英国文学 判断对错.docx

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大学英语英国文学判断对错

1WhatareBlake’spointsofview?

Blakenevertriedtofitintotheworld,hewasarebelinnocentlyandxompletelyallhislife.HewaspoliticallyofthepermanentleftandmixedagooddealwiththeradicalslikeThomasPaine.LideShelley,Blakestronglycriticizedthecapitalists’cruelexploitation,sayingthatthedarksatanicmillsleftmenunemployed,killedchildrenandforcedprostitution.MeanwhilehecherishedgreatexpataationsandenthusiasmfortheFrenchRevolutionlandregarditasanecessarystageleadingtothemillenniumpredictedbythebiblicalprophets.LiteraryBlakewasthefirstimportantRomanticpoetmshowingacontemptfortheruleofreason,opposingtheclassicaltraditionfothe18thcentury,andtreasuringtheindividual’simagination.

3.HowdidBurnsdevelopthecommonloveintoaloftyoneinhisARed,RedRose?

Useexamplestoillustrateit.

OneofthemostfamoussongsthatRobertBurnswroteforthisprojectandfirstpublishedin1794was“ARed,RedRose.”Burnswroteitasatraditionalballad,fourversesoffourlineseach.

“ARed,RedRose”beginswithaquatraincontainingtwosimiles.Burnscompareshislovewithaspringtimebloomingroseandthenwithasweetmelody.Thesearepopularpoeticimagesandthisisthestanzamostcommonlyquotedfromthepoem.

Thesecondandthirdstanzasbecomeincreasinglycomplex,endingwiththemetaphorofthe“sandsoflife,”orhourglass.Onetheonehandwearegiventheimageofhislovelastinguntiltheseasrundryandtherocksmeltwiththesun,wonderfullypoeticimages.OntheotherhandBurnsremindsusofthepassageoftimeandthechangesthatresult.Thatrecallsthefirststanzaanditsimageofaredrose,newlysprunginJune,whichweknowfromexperiencewillchangeanddecaywithtime.Thesearecomplexandcompetingimages,typicalofthemorematureRobertBurns.

Thefinalstanzawrapsupthepoem’scomplexitywithafarewellandapromiseofreturn.

“ARed,RedRose”iswrittenasaballadwithfourstanzasoffourlineseach.Eachstanzahasalternatinglinesoffourbeats,oriambs,andthreebeats.Thefirstandthirdlineshavefouriambs,consistingofanunstressedsyllablefollowedbyastressedsyllable,asinda-dah,da-dah,da-dah,da-dah.Thesecondandfourthlinesconsistofthreeiambs.Thisformofverseiswelladaptedforsingingorrecitationandoriginatedinthedayswhenpoetryexistedinverbalratherthanwrittenform.

4.WhatisByron’schiefcontribution?

AsaleadingRomanticist,Byron’schiefcontributionishiscreationofthe“Byronichero”,aproud,mysteriousrebelfigureofnobleorigin.Withimmensesuperiorityinhispassionsandpowers,hewouldcarryonhisshoulderstheburdenofrightingallthewrongsinacorruptsociety,andwouldrisesinglehandedlyagainstanykindoftyrannicruleseitheringovernment,inreligionlorinmoralsocietywithunconquerablewillsandinexhaustibleenergies.Theconflictisusuallyoneofrebeliousindividualsagainstoutwornsocialsystemsandconventions.Thefigureis,tosomeextent,modeledonthelifeandpersonalityofByronhimself,andmakesByronfamousbothathomeandabroad.

5.AccordingtoWordsworth,whatareessentialtopoetry?

AccordingtoWordsworth,fourpointswereessentialtopoetry:

1）thethemeistobeincidentsandsituationschosenfromcommonlife（generallylowandrusticlifeasheaddedinthefollowingsentence）

2）thelanguageusedistobeaselectionoflanguagereallyusedbumen（ie,againstpoeticdiction）

3）regardingthetreatmentofthetheme,ordinarythingsaretobepresentedinanunusualway（tothrowoverthemacertaincolouringofimagination）

4）thepoetistotraceinthechosenincidentsandsituationstheprimarylawsofhumannature（probablymeaningthefindingofuniversalsignificanceinhumansociety）

6WhatarethethemesofGreatExpectations?

GreatExpectationsisfirstofallanovelaboutgreatexpectations,ormorecorrectlyhere,dreams.NotonlyPip,thehero,cherisheshisgreatexpectationsordreamsofbeingsomedayagentlemanandmarryingarichbeautifulprincess,alltheotherimportantcharactershavetheirexpectionsordreamstoo.ForMissHavisham,arichwomanwhowasoncecheatedandbetrayedanddesertedbyherloverontheveryeveoftheirwddding,herexpectationsistobringupExtellaasabeautiful,cold-heartedweaponofrevengeuponallmalefolkintheworld;forthecriminalMagwitch,hiswishistomakePipagentlemanthatheoncewantedtobebutcanneverbe;andfoEstellsherdreamistoentertheuppersocietyandbeafashionableladywhohaseverygentlemanathercallandhaseveryluxurytoenjoy.Alltheirexpectionsturnouttobeillusionsandalltheirdreamsvapor.Thenovelcanalsobetakenasarealisticsutdyofgrowthofhumannaturefromthesocialcriticalpointofview.BytracingpersonaldevelopmentofPipfromanatruallyinnocent,honestandsympatheticboytoawain,selfish,snobbishyounggentlemanandfinallytoatotallydisillusioned,contaminated,experiencedgrown-up,CharlesDickenstriestoshowusthepainfulyetinevitableexperienceinourstruggletogrowuptoclimbuportosucceedinthecommercializedworld.Inaway,Pip’slifereflectsmanyafalsedreamofmanypeople,who,onawakening,willfindthemselvesdisillusionedbut,nonetheless,maturedthroughhard-learnedexperience.Theirlifewillneverbeasideal,butthereisstillhopeforamoderate,sensiblehappiness.

7WhatarethethemesofJaneEyre?

Eversinceitspublication,JaneEyrehasappealedtothegeneralreadingpublic.Itisknownasaworkofcriticalrealismaswellasthefirstandoneofthemostpopularworksoftheworkingmiddle-classwomen.Itssocialcriticismisfoundinitsvividdescriptionoflifeofapoororphanleftdependentonsomeselfish,cold-heartedpeopleandherhardstruggletoretainherdignityasahumanbeing.Whatismore,thebrutalityandhypocrisyoftheEnglisheducationalsystemarelaidbarehere.Theidleandvainlifeofthecorruptedrichisalsovividlydepictedandsharplycriticized.BesidesJane’sexceptionalpersonalities,thebookisalsohailedasarepresentativeworkoffeministwritingsie,worksreflectingtheexperienceanddefendingtheinterestoftheweakersex.

8MakeacomparisonbetweenTennysonandBrowning.

RobertBrowning,whodiputeswithTennysonthefirstplaceamongVictorianpoets,isTennyson’soppositeinalmosteveryyrespectbutfameandlengthofyears.Hisgeniuswasperminentlydramatic;hisinterestlay,notinuniversallaw,butinindividualpassion.Andhisstyle,insteadofbeingeclecticandcarefullyelaborated,washighlyindivifual,andoftenmoreintentonmeaningthanonform.BrowningisstrongwhereTennysonisweak,weakwhereTennysonisstrong.BothsharedalmostequallyintheVictoriantendencytowardreflection,andtowardadidacticaim,buttheirreflectionwasexerciseduponverydifferentphenomena,andtheirteachingwaswidelyopposed.

8WhatarethethemesofPrideandPrejudice?

Thetitletellsofamajorconcernofthenovel:

prideandprejudice.Iftoformgoodrelationsisourmaintaskinlife,wemustfirsthavegoodjudgment.Ourfirstimpressions,accordingtoJaneAusten,areusuallywrong,asitshownherebuthoseofElizebeth.Intheprocessofjudgingothers,Elizabethfindsoutsomethingaboutherself:

herblindness,partiality,prejudiceandabsurdity.Intimeshediscoversherownshortcomings.Ontheotherhand,Darcytoolearnsaboutotherpeopleandhimself.Intheendfaseprideisjmbledandperejudicedissolved.

AnotherthemethatiscommontoallJaneWusten’sworuksisloveandmarriage.Hereinthisthreekindsofmotivationsoforattitudestowardsmarriagearepresentedformanifestation.First,thereismarriagemerelyforfortune,moneyandsocialrank.Thesecondisthetendencytomarryforbeauty,attractionandpassionregardlessofeconomicconditionsorpersonalmerits.Thissigenerallyknownasloveatfirstsight.Lastlycomestheidealmarriage,whichisalovematchwithconsiderationsofthelover’spersonalmeritsandeconomicconditions.AlargepartofthespaceisgiventothedescriptionoftheironicalandunsmoothcourseofdevelopmentoftherelationbetweenElizabethandDarcy.TomatchDarcy’slargeweilth,highposition,goodeducation,refinedmanners,intelligence,senseofresponsibilityandcapacitytolove,wehaveElizabethwhoisnotonlybeautiful,kind,livelyandpleasant,butalsoveryintelligent,witty,rationalandcapableoflearning.Sheisawomanworthyofloveandadmiration.

10GiveabriefanalysisofSatan.

SatanisthecentralfigureinparadiseLost,heishumanaswellassuperhuman.WethinkofSataneitherasanabstractconceptionorelse,moreimmediately,assomeoneinwhomevilismixedwithgoodbutwhoisdoomedtodestructuonbytheflawofself-love.ThefigureofSatanisundoubtedlyimpressive,powerfulandimmense,loomingupasamagnificentfigure,amighty,aterribleandanimmortalBeing.Heisinfinitelysuperiortoman,aswellinthedignityofhismatrueentirelydifferentfromthedevilofthemiracleplayscompletelyovershadowingtheherobothinintereatandinmanliness.Hehasabouthimthelsatflickersofheavenlyradiance,thetracesofhisruinedgreatness.Thereisundoubtedlysomethingthrillingashesummoneduphisdefeatedpowers,collectstogetherthescatteredlegionsofthelostangels,addressesthemwithwordsdefianceofGod,anddrawsforthresponseofmilitaristicassent.

11WhatisthecentralthemeofParadiseLost?

ThecentralthemeofParadiseLostistakenfromtheBibleanddealswiththeChristianstoryofthefallofman,thatishowthefirstmanandwomani