全九年级英语语法丨被动语态精讲精练.docx
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全九年级英语语法丨被动语态精讲精练
九年级英语语法丨被动语态精讲精练
一、主动语态变被动语态口诀:
宾提前变主,被动be加done,
主变介by宾,时态不用变。
AboutthreequartersofthepeopleintheworldspeakEnglish(主动句)世界上大约有四分之三的人说英语→
Englishisspokenbyabout3/4ofthepeopleintheworld(被动句).
二.含双宾语的主动句变被动句口诀:
如遇双宾语,最好变间宾,
如若变直宾,bedone后加to(或for)
[指人的为间接宾语,指物的为直接宾语]
1.Hegavemeabookyesterday(主动)
昨天他给了我一本书。
→
①Iwasgivenabookbyhimyesterday.
②Abookwasgiventomebyhimyesterday.昨天他给了我一本书。
2.Myfatherboughtmealaptop.
我父亲给我买了一台笔记本电脑。
→
①lwasboughtalaptopbymyfather.
②Alaptopwasboughtformebymyfather.
三.十大动词变被动语态口诀:
十大动词真奇怪,to来to去令人猜,
主动句中to离去,被动句中to回来。
(let常不用于被动语态)
“十大动词“指:
feel,hear/listen,have/make/Iet,look/watch/see/notice。
(一感二听三让四看)
这十个动词在主动句中,其后的动词不定式不加to,但变为被动句时必须加to.
TheteacherwatchedherplaythePiano(主)→Shewaswtachedtoplaythepianobytheteacher.老师看着她弹钢琴
四、各种时态的被动语态
①一般现在时:
is/am/are十done(及物动词的过去分词)
Englishisspokenallovertheworld.
全世界都说英语
②一般过去时:
was/were+done
TheelectriclightwasinventedbyEdison.电灯是爱迪生发明的。
③现在进行时:
is/am/are+being+done
ComputergamesarebeingplayedbyXiaoMing.小明正在玩电脑游戏。
ThetableisbeingrepairedbyDad.桌子正在被爸爸修理。
④一般将来时:
shall/will/begingto+be+done
Whenwillourschoolsportsmeetingbeheld?
我们学校的运动会将在什么时候举行?
Hewillbeinterviewedbyreporterstomorrowmorning.记者将在明天早上采访他。
⑤现在完成时:
have/has+been+done
Thechildrenhavebeensenttoschoolsafetlybythedriver.孩子们已经被司机安全地送到学校了。
Thebuildinghasbeenbuiltbytheworkers.这座大楼是由工人们建造的。
⑥过去完成时:
had+been+done
BythetimeIgothome,mygrandfatherhadbeentakentothehospital.当我到家的时候,我爷爷已经被送到医院了。
Whenmymothercamehomefromwork,myhomeworkhadbeenfinished.当妈妈下班回家时,我的作业已经做完了。
五、含有情态动同的被动语态:
情态动词(maymustcanshould…)+be+done
16-year-oldsshouldnotbeallowedtosmoke.不应该允许16岁的青少年吸烟。
InChina,teenagersmustbeeducated.在中国,青少年必须接受教育。
Studentsshouldbeencouragedtodosocialworkforthecommunity.应该鼓励学生为社区做社会工作。
Thelightsmustbeturnedoffbeforeyouleavetheclassroom.离开教室之前你必须把灯关掉。
六、主动形式表示被动意义
(1)动词bear(承受,忍受;承担责任),deserve(应受到),need/rquire/want(需要),stand(忍受)等后面接动名词时,该动名词常用主动形式表示被动意义。
(也可直接跟不定式的被动式)
Thedeskneendsrepairing.(=Thedeskneedstoberepained)这张桌子需要修理
Theflowerswantwatering(Theflowerswanttobewatered)花需要洗水.
(2)不定式用于某些动词(如have,get,want,need等)的宾语后作定语时,如果不定式的逻辑主语是句子的主语,则用主动形式表示被动意义.
Ihavealotofworktodonow.(现在我有很多工作要做)
Iwantsomethingtodrink.(我想喝点什么)
注意:
如果不定式的逻辑主语不是句子的主语则用被动式,比如:
Ihavesomethingtotype.我有些东西要打(字)(指自己打字)。
IhaveSomethingtobetyped.我有些东西要(让别人)打(字)(指请别人打)
(3)形容词cheap,comfortabIe,ydangerous,difficult,good,funny,heavy,imprtant等接不定式做状语时,不定式的主动形式表示被动意义。
ThiswineispleasanttodrinK(这种葡萄酒很好喝)
Thequestionisdificulttoanswer.(这个问题很难回答)
(4)形容词worth(值得的)后接动名词时,该动名词用主动形式表示被动意义
①Thebookisworthreading.
这书值得一读。
②Themovieisworthwatching.
这部电影值得一看。
(5)在too..todo结构中,不定式的主动形式表被动意义.
LuXun'sworksaretoodifficulttounderstand.鲁迅的作品太难理解了。
(6)表示感觉或变化的feel,look,smell,sound,taste,turn,prove,get等系动同的系动词的主动形式表示被动意义.
Thedishsmellsnice(这道菜气味好闻)Hiswordsprovetrue(他的话证明是真的)
(7)某些及物动词转化而来的不及物动词,如(catch,close,lock,sell,wash,open,wear,write等和副词well,easily,smothly)等一起说明主语的特征时,用主动形式表示被动意义。
Theclothwasheseasily.
这种布容易洗。
Thepenwritessmothly.
这支笔写起来很光滑。
(8)Therebe结构中,不定式做定语时,主动形式表被动意义.
Therearemuchhomeworktodotoday.今天要做的家庭作业太多了。
(9)某些动间(如build,burn,cook,print(印刷),make等)的进行时,可用主动形式表示被动意义。
①Thehouseisbuilding.房子正在修建
=Thehouseisbeingbuilt.
②Thebookisprinting.这本书正在被印刷
=Thebookisbeingprinted
③Thedoorwon'tlocked.
=Thedoorwon'tbelocked.这门锁不住。
Theboxcan'tmove.=Theboxcan'tbemoved.(这箱子移动不了)
Theforestisburning.(=Theforestisbeingburned.)森林在燃烧。
七、英语中有以下几种情况,不能使用被动语态。
1.谓语是联系动词时,不用被动语态。
①Thegirllooksverygood.
这个女孩气色很好。
②Thefoodisdelicious.
这种食物味道很好。
③Thatsoundsgreat.
听起来棒极了
2.谓语为不及物动词(或短语)时,不用被动语态。
Ihappenedtomeethiminthepark.
我碰巧在公园遇见他。
3.宾语为不定式、动名词,或从句,表示主语的一些想法、爱好和愿望时,一般不用被动语态。
①Iwanttobuyalaptop.
我想买一台笔记本电脑。
②Hedecidedtogototheparkwithus.
他决定和我们一起去公园。
③LiLeihopestobeascientistinthefuture.李雷希望将来成为一名科学家。
4.宾语是相互代词、反身代词、同源宾语时一般不用被动语态。
①Shethinksmoreofherselfthanofothers.她为自己考虑得比别人多。
②Thelittlegirldreamedasweetdreamlastnight.那个小女孩昨晚做了一个甜甜的梦。
③Nowadays,Peopleliveahappylife.现在,人们过着幸福的生活。
5.宾语是处所、地点时,一般不用被动语态。
①LiNing'sfatherhasgonetoBeijing.李宁的父亲去北京了。
②Inhalfanhour,wewillbeontopofthemountain.半小时后,我们将到达山顶。
6.谓语部分(动词与宾语)是一个不可分割的动词短语时一般不用被动语态。
Myfatherwenttothedentistthismorning.我爸爸今天早上去看牙医了。
7.表示状态的动词,如have、own、belongto等不能用于被动语态。
①Thefarmerhasmanybigfarms.
这个农民有许多大农场。
②ThisbookbelongstoLiMing.
这本书是李明的。
③Hehasahouseofhisown.
他有自己的房子。
【被动语态专题练习】
l.单项选择
(一)
1.Dontbeunhappyifyou________byotherswhenyoumakemistakes.
A.arelaughedat
B.arelaughingat
C.laughat
D.werelaughedat
2.LastDecember,amanwhostoleasharedbike________1,000yuanbythepolice.
A.fined
B.wasfined
C.willbefined
D.hasfined
3.CanMrKingsparetimeforthemeeting?
-Ifhe_____,hewilltryhisbesttomakeit.
A.willbeinvited
B.isinvited
C.invites
D.invited
4.--Whattools______tomakepapercuting?
什么工具被用来剪纸?
---Scissors.
A.areused
B.used
C.willuse
D.use
5.Theoldmanwasquiteweakaftertheaccident,sohe______.
A.mustbelookedafterwell
B.waslookingafterwell
C.musttakegoodcareof
D.mustbetakengoodcare
6.--Ourclassroom_____everyday.
-Soitis.It'sourdutytokeepitcleanandtidy.
A.cleans
B.iscleaning
C.iscleaned
D.isbeingcleaned
7.Mum,whencanIwatchTV?
Assoonasyourhomework_________.
A.finish
B.finished
C.isfinished
D.willbefinished
8.-Don'tsmokehere,Dad.Smoking_____inpublicplaces.
-Oh,sorry.I'llstoprightnow.
A.isntallowed
B.wasn'tallowed
C.doesn'tallow
D.didn'tallow
9.Manyhouses____bytheearthquakeandthousandsofpeoplewerelefthomeless.
A.damaged
B.weredamagedfkfkt'c.weredamaging
D.aredamaged
10.Chengduisagreencitynowbecausealotoftrees________everyspring.
A.havebeenplanted
B.areplanted
C.willbeplanted
D.wereplanted
11.--AreyougoingtoSam'sbirthdaypartythedayaftertomorrow?
--I'mnotsure.IwillgowithyouifI______.
A.willinvite
B.invite
c.willbeinvited
D.aminvited
12.ManychildreninBritain_____________tohavetheirownbankcardsthesedays.
A.allow
B.allowed
c.areallowed
D.wereallowed
13.Tom!
Ilookedforyoueverywhereatthepartylastnight.
Oh,I_____totheparty.
A.aminvited
B.wasinvited
c.amnotinvited
D.wasn'tinvited
14.---Whydidn'tyoucometothemeetingyesterday?
---Sorry,Ididn'tknowthatI____tocome.
A.wasasked
B.haveasked
c.amasking
D.asked
15.--WhenIamwalkinginthestreet,I_____someadseverytime.
--SoamI.Ihateit.It'sawasteofpaper.
A.give
B.amgiven
c.gave
D.wasgiven
(二)
1.Itissaidthatpotatochips
byaccidentaboutahundredyearsago.
A.invent
B.invented
c.areinvented
D.wereinvented
2.---Thesedays,teengersoftenhavetodowhatthey_____to.
-lt'snotgoodfortheiridpendeceTheyneedtothinkontheirown.
A.tell
B.aretelling
c.aretold
D.weretold
3.Whentogoforapicnic_____yet.
A.hasnotdecided
B,hasbeendecided
c.hasdecided
D.hasnotbeendecided
4.ItissaidthatBRT(快速公交系统)____inYongzhousoon.
A.wasused
B.willbeused
C.isused
D.willuse
5.Studentsdolesshomeworknow.Usuallyit_______before9o'lockintheevening.
D.willuse
A.finishes
B.finished
C.isfinished
D.wasfinished
6.Anewclub__________inourschoolatthebeginningofthisyearandnowithasmanymembers.
A.starts
B.isstarted
C.hasstarted
D.wasstarted
7.Hotwater____inthestudents'flatsfrom5;00pmto7:
00pmnow.
A.supplies
B.issupplied
C.supplied
D.wassupplied
8.I'msurethatstricterrulestocontrolcigarettesmoking______verysoon.
A.made
B.willmake
C.weremade
D.willbemade
9.Usuallystudents________tochoosetheirownschooluniforms.
A.don'tallow
B.werenotallowed
C.arenotallowed
D.didn'tallow
10.Confuciusisagreatthinker.Hisworks_______still______bymanypeople.
A.are;reading
B.is;read
C.are;read
D.was;read
11.Theguidesaidthatmuchattentionmust_____thesedtail.导游说必须多注意这些细节.
A.pay
B.bepaid
C.payto
D.bepaidto
12.Whenwillthebirthdayparty_____,onMondayeveningorTuesdayevening?
A.hold
B.beheld
C.held
D.beholding
13.Theradioinyourroom______beforeyouleave.
A.mustturnoff
B.mustbeturnedoff
C.wasturnedoff
D.turnedoff
14.Thestonesaresoheavy.How_____they_________tothetopofthebuildingwithoutmodernmachines?
这些石头这么重,在没有现代化机械的情况,它们是怎么被抬到建筑物顶端的呢?
A.have;lifted
B.did;lift
C.were;lifted
D.are;lifted
15.-Susan,whyareyoustillhere?
Theyareallreadytostart.
--I'msorry,butI____________whentoleave.很抱歉,但没有通知我什么时候出发.
A.don'ttell
B.didn'ttell
C.wasn'ttold
D.haven'tbeentold
(三)
1.Moremoney________ifweusebothsidesofpaper.
A.willsave
B.wassaved
C.hassaved
D.willbesaved
2.--Hey,Molly.You__________onthephonejustnow.Butyouweren'thereandthemanleftaphonenumber.
Oh?
Iwasinthelibrary.
A.wanted
B.arewanted
C.werewanted
D.havewanted
3.Whetherthefourhospitalsshouldclose
____________yet.
A.isn'tdecided
B.doesn'tdecide
C.hasn'tbeendecided
D.hasn'tdecided
4.Thecar________ythepolicemanbecausethedriverwasdrunk.
A.stopped
B.wasstopped
C.stops
D.isstopped
5.Nodecision___________aboutthatmatteryet.Wearestillconsideringit.
A.hasbeenmade
B.hasmade
C.willbemade
D.willmake
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