08职称英语理工A考试真题及答案.docx

08职称英语理工A考试真题及答案.docx

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08职称英语理工A考试真题及答案

2012职称英语考试理工类A级真题

第一篇　SmallButWise【小而聪明】

　　OnDecember14,NASA1blastedasmallbutmightytelescopeintospace.ThetelescopeiscalledWISEandisaboutaswidearoundasatrashcan.Don'tletitssmallsizefoolyou:

WISEhasapowerfuldigitalcamera,anditwillbetakingpicturesofsomethewildestobjects2intheknownuniverse,includingasteroids,faintstars,blazinggalaxies3andgiantcloudsofdustwhereplanetsandstarsarebom.

　　“I'mveryexcitedbecausewe'regoingtobeseeingpartsoftheuniversethatwehaven'tseenbefore,”saidNedWright,ascientistwhodirectstheWISEproject.

　　Sincearrivinginspace,theWISEtelescopehasbeencirclingtheEarth,heldbygravityinapolarorbit4（thismeansitcrossesclosetothenorthandsouthpoleswitheachlap5）.Itscameraispointedoutward,awayfromtheEarth,andWISEwillsnapapictureofadifferentpartoftheskyevery11minutes.Aftersixmonthsitwillhavetakenpicturesacrosstheentiresky.

　　ThepicturestakenbyWISEwon'tbelikeeverydaydigitalphotographs,however.WISEstandsfor“Wide-fieldInfraredSurveyExplorer.”Asitsnamesuggests,theWISEcameratakespicturesoffeaturesthatgiveoffinfraredradiation6.

　　Radiationisenergythattravelsasawave.Visiblelight,includingthefamiliarspectrumoflight7thatbecomesvisibleinarainbow,isanexampleofradiation.Whenanordinarydigitalcameratakesapictureofatree,forexample,itreceivesthewavesofvisiblelightthatarereflectedoffthetree.Whenthesewavesenterthecamerathroughthelens,they'reprocessedbythecamera,whichthenputstheimagetogether.

　　Wavesofinfraredradiationarelongerthanwavesofvisiblelight,soordinarydigitalcamerasdon'tseethem,andneitherdotheeyesofhumanbeings.Althoughinvisibletotheeye,longerinfraredradiationcanbedetectedaswarmthbytheskin.

　　That'sakeyideatowhyWISEwillbeabletoseethingsothertelescopescan't.Noteverythingintheuniverseshowsupinvisiblelight.Asteroids,forexample,aregiantrocksthatfloatthroughspace—buttheyabsorbmostofthelightthatreachesthem.Theydon'treflectlight,sothey'redifficulttosee.Buttheydogiveoffinfraredradiation,soaninfraredtelescopelikeWISEwillbeabletoproduceimagesofthem.DuringitsmissionWISEwilltakepicturesofhundredsofthousandsofasteroids.

　　Browndwarfs8areanotherkindofdeep-spaceobjectthatwillshowupinWISE'spictures.Theseobjectsare“failed”stars—whichmeanstheyarenotmassiveenoughtojumpstart9thesamekindofreactionsthatpowerstarssuchasthesun.Instead,browndwarfssimplyshrinkandcooldown.They'resodimthatthey'realmostimpossibletoseewithvisiblelight,butintheinfraredspectrumtheyglow.

　　教材的原题：

　　1.WhatissospecialaboutWISE?

　　AItissmallinsizebutcarriesalargecamera.

　　BItisassmallasatrashcan.

　　CItsdigitalcameracanhelpastronomerstoseetheunknownspace.

　　DNeverbeforehasatelescopecarriedadigitalcamerainspace.

　　2.WhichisNOTthesynonymfortheword“snap”inthethirdparagraph?

　Amake.

　Bshoot.

　　Ctake

　　Dphotograph.

　　3.ThecameraonWISE

　　Aisnodifferentfromanordinarycamera.

　　Bdoesnotseeinfraredradiationwhiletheordinarycameradoes.

　　Ccatchestheinfraredradiationwhiletheordinarycameradoesnot.

　　Dreflectslightthathumaneyescansee.

　　4.WhichofthefollowingisNOTcorrectabout“asteroids”accordingtoparagraph7?

　　AAsteroidsfloatthroughspacegivingoffvisiblelight.

　　BAsteroidsdonotreflectlightthatreachesthem.

　　CItisdifficulttotakeasteroids'picturesbyordinarycameras.

　　DTheWISEtelescopecantakepicturesofasteroids

　　5.Whatisimpliedinthelastparagraph?

　　ABrowndwarfsgiveoffvisiblelight.

　　BBrowndwarfsgiveoffinfraredradiation.

　　CBrowndwarfsarepowerstarslikethesun.

　　DBrowndwarfsareimpossibletoseewiththeWISEtelescope.

　　答案

　　1.C　　2.A　　3.C　　4.A　　5.B

第三篇：

Downloadknowledgedirectlytoyourbrain（正确下载知识到你的大脑）

　　36：

whathaveresearchersbeenabletodowiththehelpofthestudy

　　A:

makeapersonknowhowtodosomethingwithoutlearning

　　B:

setupdifferentlearningpatternsfordifferentpeople

　　C:

Enablepeopletolearnkungfuinstantly

　　D:

Discoveraperson’slearningprocessinthebrain

　　37：

whathelpsapersontodoaparticulartaskbetterinvisualperceptuallearning

　　A:

TestingB:

EncouragementC:

RepetitionD:

self-assessment

　　38:

whichofthefollowingstatementsistrueoftheexperimentparticipants

　　A:

theywerenottoldwhattobelearnedintheexperiment

　　B:

theylearnedhowtocontrolMRLmachinesintheexperiment

　　C:

theywerepaidtotakepartintheexperiment

　　D:

theywerenotcooperativeintheexperiment

　　39:

thefindingofthestudyismostsignificantinthatlearning

　　A:

isfulloffunB:

isvisualized

　　C:

becomesunnecessaryD:

happensunconsciously

　　40:

whoaremostlikelytobenefitfromthestability

　　A:

seniorpeopleB:

teenagers

　　C:

musiciansD:

Athletes

教材原题：

　　SolarPowerwithoutSolarCells【没有太阳能电池的太阳能】

　　AdramaticandsurprisingmagneticeffectoflightdiscoveredbyUniversityof

Michigan1researcherscouldleadtosolarpowerwithouttraditionalsemiconductor-based

solarcells.

　　Theresearchersfoundawaytomakean“optical1,”saidStephenRand,aprofessor

inthedepartmentsofElectricalEngineeringandComputerScience,PhysicsandApplied

Physics.

　　Lighthaselectricandmagneticcomponents.Untilnow,scientiststhoughtthe2ofthe

magheticfieldweresoweakthattheycouldbeignored.WhatRandandhiscolleaguesfound

isthatattherightintensity,whenlightistravelingthroughamaterialthatdoesnot

conductelectricity,thelightfieldcangeneratemagneticeffectsthatare100million

timesstrongerthan

　　3expected.4thesecircumstances,themagneticeffectsdevelopstrengthequivalentto

astrongelectriceffect.

　　“Thiscouldleadtoanewkindofsolarcellwithoutsemiconductorsandwithout

absorptiontoproducechargeseparation,”Randsaid.“Insolarcells,the5goesintoa

material,getsabsorbedandcreatesheat.Here,weexpecttohaveaverylowheatload2.

Insteadofthelightbeingabsorbed,energyisstoredinthemagneticmoment3.Intense

magnetizationcanbeinducedbyintenselightandthenitisultimatelycapableof

providingacapacitivepower6”Whatmakesthispossibleisapreviouslyundetectedbrand

of“opticalrectification4,”saysWilliamFisher,adoctoralstudent5inapplied

physics.Intraditionalopticalrectification,light'selectricfieldcausesacharge

separation,orapulling7ofthepositiveandnegativecharges6inamaterial.Thissets

upavoltage,similarto8inabattery.

　　RandandFisherfoundthatundertherightcircumstancesandinrighttypesof

materials,thelight'smagneticfieldcanalsocreateopticalrectification.Thelightmust

beshonethrough7a

　　9thatdoesnot10electricity,suchasglass.Anditmustbefocusedtoanintensity

of10millionwattspersquarecentimeter8.Sunlightisn'tthisintenseonitsown,butnew

materialsarebeingsoughtthatwouldworkatlowerintensities,Fishersaid.

　　“Inourmostrecentpaper,weshowthatincoherentlight9likesunlightis

theoreticallyalmostas11inproducingchargeseparationaslaserlightis,”Fisher

said.

　　Thisnew12couldmakesolarpowercheaper,theresearcherssay.Theypredictthatwith

improvedmaterialstheycouldachieve10percentefficiencyin13solarpowertouseable

energy.That'sequivalenttotoday'scommercial-gradesolarcells.

　　“Tomanufacture14solarcells,youhavetodoextensivesemiconductorprocessing,”

Fishersaid.“Allwewouldneedarelensestofocusthelightandafibertoguideit.

Glassworksfor15It'salreadymadeinbulk10,anditdoesn'trequireasmuchprocessing.

Transparentceramicsmightbeevenbetter.”

　　练习：

　　1.AmicroscopeBinstrumentCfiberDbattery

　　2.AmodificationsBeffectsCapplicationsDresults

　　3.AfrequentlyBprivatelyCpreviouslyDformally

　　4.AUnderBAtCOnDOver

　　5.AfightBelectricityCchemicalDmagnetism

　　6.AplantBequipmentCsourceDline

　　7.AdownBupCtogetherDapart

　8.AthisBthatCthoseDit

　　9.AmaterialBlensCmeterDdetector

　　10.AproduceBconveyCuseDconduct

　　11.AremoteBpoorCeffectiveDrare

　　12.AprototypeBskillCtechniqueDmiracle

　　13.AconvertingBobtainingCdeliveringDtransmitting

　　14.AcompactBmodemCdurableDhandy

　　15.AothersBsomeCallDboth

　　答案

　　1.D　　2.B　　3.C　　4.A　　5.A　　6.C　　7.D　　8.B

　　9.A　　10.D　　ll.C　　12.C　　13.A　　14.B　　15.D

　　考试答案SolarPowerwithoutSolarCells

　　原文中标注红色为今年考试的题目!

　　1、Abattery2、Dcomponents

　　3、Cignored4、Cconduct

　　5、Aequivalent6、Dlight

　　7、Dsource8、Dapar

　　9、Athat10、Bmaterial

　　11、Cintense12、Aas

　　13、Dtechnology14、Cextensive

15、Cboth

2011年职称英语考试理工类A级真题及答案

一、词汇选项

1.Forsomeobscurereason,thesimplegameisbecomingverypopular.

　　A.unclearB.obviousC.majorD.minor

2.Theseaturtle’snaturalhabitathasbeenconsiderablyreduced.

　　AgreatlyBsuddenlyCgenerallyDslightly

3.IgotanotefromMoiraurgingmetogetintouch.

　　AinstructingBnotifyingCpushingDinviting

4.Itispossibletoapproachtheprobleminadifferentway.

　　AraiseBposeCexperienceDhandle

5.Thedecisiontoinvadeprovokedstormsofprotest。

　　AignoredBorganizedCcausedDreceived

6.Janesaidthatshecouldn’ttoleratethelonghours.

　　AspendBtakeClastDstand

7.At80,PeckwasstillvigorousandlivinginParis.