法律英语常用词汇一.docx
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法律英语常用词汇一
法律英语词汇
一、有关机构的词汇
司法部门,司法的judiciary
法院court
基层人民法院BasicPeople'sCourt
中级人民法院IntermediatePeople'sCourt
高级人民法院HighPeople'sCourt
最高人民法院SupremePeople'sCourt
专门人民法院specialpeople'scourt
军事法院militarycourt
海事法院maritimecourt
铁路运输法院railwaytransportcourt
审委会judicialcommittee
合议庭collegialpanel
侦查机关publicsecurityinspectorate
检察机关procuratorate
公诉机关publicprosecutionorgan
公安局publicsecuritybureau
派出所publicsecuritystation
地方人民检察院localpeople'sprocuratorate
人民调解委员会thepeople'sconciliationcommittees居民委员会neighborhoodcommittee
村民委员会villagecommittee
民政部门civilaffairsdepartment
二、有关身份和称谓的词汇
公民citizen
法人legalperson
未成年人minor
成年人adult
外国人alien
无国籍人statelessperson
无诉讼行为能力人personwithnolegalcapacity监护人guardian
个体工商户Individualbusiness
农村承包经营户leaseholdingfarmhousehold
个人合伙individualpartnership
法官judge
代理审判员actingjudge
陪审员assessor
陪审团jury
检察官prosecutor
代理检察员actingprosecutor
公诉人publicprosecutor
当事人party,litigant
法定代表人legalrepresentative
代理人agent
诉讼代理人AgentsadLitem
法定代理人statutoryagent
原告complainant;plaintiff;prosecutor;accuser共同原告co-plaintiff
被告defendant;theaccused
共同被告co-defendant
上诉人petitioner
被上诉人appellee,respondent
受害者victim
犯人convict
惯犯habitualoffender
犯罪分子offender
律师lawyerattorney
公证人publicnotary
监狱长warden
证人witness
书记员clerk
翻译人员interpreter
鉴定人expertwitnesse
勘验人inspectionpersonnel
外国企业foreignenterprise
债权人creditor
债务人debtor
要约人offeror
受要约人offeree
作者author
三、有关程序的词汇
案件case
办案handleacase
诉讼lawsuit
案由natureofcase
案件受理费litigationfee
起诉initiatelegalproceeding,sue,filealawsuit
反诉counter-claim
公诉publicprosecution
公诉书billofindictment
仲裁arbitration
合议panelhearing
回避withdrawal
公开审判publictrial
两审终审原则thecourtofsecondinstancebeingthatoflastinstance审判权judicialpower
住所domicile
惯常居所地habitualresidence
财产所在地situs
公告publicannouncement
书证documentaryevidence
物证materialevidence
视听资料audio-visualmaterial
证人证言testimonyofwitness
传闻证据hearsay
当事人陈述statementsoftheparties
鉴定结论expertconclusion
勘验笔录recordsofinspection
质证cross-examine
上诉appeal
提起上诉fileanappeal
申请执行applyforexecution
独立审判independentadjudication
发回重审remandalawsuitforanewtrial
维持原判upholdverdict
发生法律效力belegallyeffective
管辖权jurisdiction
管辖权异议objectiontothejurisdictionofacourt
标的物管辖权subjectmatterjurisdiction
对人管辖权inpersonamjurisdiction
对物管辖权inremjurisdiction
级别管辖jurisdictionbyforumlevel
专属管辖exclusivejurisdiction
起诉阶段thepleadingstage
审理trial
不予受理refusaltoentertainacase
驳回起诉rejectionofacomplaint
中止诉讼suspensionoflegalproceeding
终结诉讼terminationoflegalproceeding
缺席判决defaultjudgment
承认、放弃、变更诉讼请求admit,waiveormodifyclaims提起反诉fileacounterclaim
简易程序summaryprocedure
普通程序ordinaryprocedure
辩护defense
调解mediatereconciliation
和解accord
庭外和解anout-of-courtsettlement
胜诉winningsuit
撤销withdraw
开庭insession
法庭辩论courtdebate
处罚penalty
处以…的惩罚underpenaltyof
从宽处理lenientpunishment;liberalpunishment
从轻处罚imposealenientsentence;lighterpunishment从重处罚heavierpunishment;severepunishment
调查investigation
调查取证investigateandcollectevidence
定案结论verdict
定案理由reasonfordecision
财产保全propertypreservation
先予执行advanceexecution
检举accusation
鉴定identification
结案windupacase,closeacase,settlealawsuit委托代理entrustedagency
法定代理statutoryagency
指定代理appointedagency
公开审理publichearing
供认confession
共谋collude
共同犯罪jointoffence
共同实施违法行为jointlycommittedtheoffence
故意伤害intentionalinjury
过失negligence
过失杀人manslaughter
合法权益lawfulbenefit;lawfulright
核实verify
缓期执行suspensionofexecution
缓刑suspendedsentence
极刑capitalpunishment
加重刑罚aggravatepunishment
假释parole
假证据falseevidence
监内执行executionofpunishmentinsidetheprison监狱jail;prison
捏造fabrication
捏造证据fabricateevidence
伪证perjury
搜查令searchwarrant
死刑capitalpunishment;deathpenalty
他杀homicide
通缉令orderforarrest
窝藏罪犯harboracriminal
无期徒刑lifesentence;lifeimprisonment
宣告无罪absolve
作案现场sceneofcrime
标的subjectmatter
禁令injunction
优势证据preponderanceofevidence
表面证据primafaciecase
挑选法院forum-shopping
四、有关法律法规的词汇
宪法Constitutionallaw
民事诉讼法CivilProcedureLaw
行政诉讼法AdministrativeProcedureLaw
刑事诉讼法criminalprocedurelaw
知识产权法intellectualpropertylaw
国际法internationallaw
国际私法internationalprivatelaw
法案bill
法令decree
法律行为actunderthelaw
民事法律行为civiljuristicact
法律后果legaleffect
法律依据legalbasis
法律制裁legalsanctions
法庭传票benchwarrant
法院所在地venueofthecourt
反对objection
反对驳回objectionoverruled
妨碍司法公正interferewiththecourseofjustice;obstructionofjustice合法的legitimate;lawful
非法的illegal;unlawful
不动产realty,realproperty,realestate
动产personalty,personalestate,personalproperty,chattel
违约default
抵销Offset
留置权,优先权lien
期满,到期expire
取消,丧失rescind
有效的valid
无效的invalid
主权利principalright
从权利accessoryright
主债务principaldebt
从债务accessorydebt
民事权利能力capacityforcivilrights
民事行为能力capacityforcivilconduct
完全民事行为能力fullcapacityforcivilconduct限制民事行为能力limitedcapacityforcivilconduct代理权agency
债权creditors'Right
知识产权intellectualPropertyRight
著作权rightofauthorship
版权copyright
专利权patent
商标专用权exclusiveuseoftrademark
证明商标certificationtrademark
发现权rightofdiscovery
姓名权rightofpersonalname
名称权rightofname
肖像权rightofportrait
名誉权rightofreputation
荣誉权rightofhonour
婚姻自主权rightofmarriagebychoice
民事责任civilliability
五,其他
停止cease
查封sealup
扣押distrain
冻结freeze
没收confiscate
过错fault
正当防卫justifiabledefence
停止侵害cessationofinfringements
排除妨碍removalofobstacles
消除危险eliminationofdangers
返还财产returnofproperty
恢复原状restorationoforiginalcondition
修理、重作、更换repair,reworkingorreplacement赔偿损失compensationforlosses
支付违约金paymentofbreachofcontractdamages消除影响eliminationofilleffects
恢复名誉rehabilitationofreputation
赔礼道歉extensionofapology
诉讼时效limitationofaction
不可抗力forcemajeure
商誉goodwill
假冒经营passingoff,palmingoff
在先使用者senioruser
在后使用者junioruser
特许权,版税royalty
垄断monopoly
专利patent有形载体tangiblemedium域名publicdomain衍生作品合理使用损害deviateworkfairuseprejudice合同contract合意mutualassent不当得利unjustenrichment履行、清偿discharge报酬要约承诺remunerationofferacceptance意思表示intentindication要约邀请撤回invitationforofferwithdrawn撤销revoke追认ratification公平原则theprincipleofequitytheprincipleofgoodfaith诚实信用原则社会公德公共利益国家秘密socialethicspublicinterestStatesecrets商业秘密tradesecrets个人隐私破产清算personalprivacybankruptliquidation11
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