英语英语阅读理解练习题及答案及解析.docx

英语英语阅读理解练习题及答案及解析.docx

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英语英语阅读理解练习题及答案及解析

【英语】英语阅读理解练习题及答案及解析

一、高中英语阅读理解

1．阅读理解

   Mexicositesonanislandplateau（高原）surroundedbyvolcanicpeaks,whichmakesairqualityaconstantconcernforpeoplewholivethere.

   InApril,thecountrytookadecisivesteptowardimprovingairqualitybyenactingatemporarybanonprivateandFederalvehiclesinthecity.TheruleforbidspeoplefromdrivinginthecityonedayeachweekandoneSaturdayeachmonth.Electricvehicles,governmentservicevehicles,publictransportoptionsandschoolbusesarenotincludedintheban.

   MexicoCityisn'tthefirsturbancentertobeinvolvedincar-freeliving.Butthebanismorethananawareness-raiser.Itwasenactedwiththedirectaimofsolvingairpollution.InMarch,thecitysankintoadeepbrownhazeofsmogwhenthepollutionlevelspassedthe200mark.Thecityorderedsome1.1mofthearea's4.7mcarsoffthestreetsandalsoofferedfreebusandsubwayrides.

   MexicoCity'stemporaryvehiclebanraisesquestionsaboutthebestwaystoimproveurbanairquality.India,whosecitizensbreathesomeoftheworld'sdirtiestair,hastriedavarietyofsolutions.Earlierthisyear,theIndiangovernmentstarteda4%salestaxonnew-carpurchases.

   Beijingalsohasexperiencewithcleaningtheair.Thecityintroducedalternate-dayrulesinadvanceofthe2008OlympicGames,whichproducedgoodresults.AndthenthereistheLondoncongestion（拥挤）charge,introducedin2003.Thechargehashadameasurableeffectonairquality.

Fornow,MexicoCity—namedbytheUnitedNationsasthemostpollutedcityontheplanetin1992—canlookforwardtothestartoftheregion'srainyseason,whendailyshowerswillhelplocleantheair.

（1）HowdidMexicobanvehiclesinthecity?

A. BybanningprivateandFederalvehiclesonedayaweek.         

B. ByforbiddingprivateandpublicvehicleseverySaturday.

C. Bylimitingthenumberofnewcars.               

D. Byprohibitingthevehiclesexceptpublicones.

（2）WhatdidthegovernmentofMexicodowhencarryingoutthebanonvehicles?

A. Raisedthenumberofpublicvehicles.            

B. Offeredfreebusandsubwayrides.

C. Introducedmoretraveloptions.                     

D. Encouragedcitizenstoleavethecity.

（3）WhatmaycontributetoimprovingtheairqualityinMexico?

A. Alternate-dayrules.          B. Taxrises.          C. Congestioncharge.          D. Therainyseason.

（4）What'sthebesttitleforthepassage?

A. Mexico—anIslandPlateau                             

B. AVarietyofBansonVehiclesinMexico

C. ShouldCitiesBeCar-freeZones                     

D. HowtoImproveAirQuality

【答案】

（1）A

（2）B

（3）D

（4）C

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，墨西哥墨西哥政府为了提高空气质量，在实施车辆禁令时提供免费巴士和地铁。

他们希望城市应该是无车区。

（1）考查细节理解。

根据第二段中的“InApril,thecountrytookadecisivesteptowardimprovingairqualitybyenactingatemporarybanonprivateandFederalvehiclesinthecity.TheruleforbidspeoplefromdrivinginthecityonedayeachweekandoneSaturdayeachmonth.”可知，墨西哥是通过每周有一天禁止私人和联邦车辆来禁止车辆进入城市的。

故选A。

（2）考查细节理解。

根据第三段中的“Thecityorderedsome1.1mofthearea's4.7mcarsoffthestreetsandalsoofferedfreebusandsubwayrides.”可知，墨西哥政府在实施车辆禁令时提供免费巴士和地铁。

故选B。

（3）考查推理判断。

根据倒数第二段最中的“Thechargehashadameasurableeffectonairquality.”可知，拥挤费有助于改善墨西哥的空气质量。

故选D。

（4）考查主旨大意。

根据最后一段中的“Fornow,MexicoCity—namedbytheUnitedNationsasthemostpollutedcityontheplanetin1992—canlookforwardtothestartoftheregion'srainyseason,whendailyshowerswillhelplocleantheair.”可知，城市应该是无车区。

故选C。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇环保类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，并根据上下文进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，选出正确答案。

2．阅读理解

   Payingahigherpricethanusualforatickettoseeafilmin3Distheannoyanceofmanyacinema-goer'slife.

   Buttheremaybeabenefittodoingso,asastudyhasfoundthat3Dfilmsexercisethebrainandimproveshort-termfunctioninginasimilarwaytobrain-trainingtests.

   Theresearchfoundthatpeoplewhowatchedamoviein3Dimprovedcognitive（认知）skills,comparedtothosewhowatcheditin2D.

   Theresearchwasledbyneuroscientist（神经学家）DrPatrickFaganfromGoldsmithsUniversityinLondon.Morethan100peopletookpartintheexperiment,whereparticipantswatchedDisneyfilmBigHero6ineitherstandardformatorRealD3D.

   Theyalsocarriedoutabrain-training-styletestbeforeandafterseeingasectionfromthefilm.Thetestcoveredmemory,reactiontimesandcognitivefunctionandtheresultswerecomparedlater.

   Accordingtotheresearch,whichwascarriedoutinpartnershipwithsciencegroupThrillLaboratory,participantsexperienceda23percentincreaseincognitiveprocessing,aswellasan11percentincreaseinreactiontimes.

   DrFagansaidthattheresultsshowedenoughofanimprovementinbrainfunctiontosuggestthat3Dcouldplayapartinimprovingbrainpowerinthefuture.

   "Thesefindingsaremoresignificantthanyoumightthink,"hesaid."Itisafactthatpeoplearelivinglongerandthereisanoticeabledeclineincognitivebrainfunctioninoldagewhichcanworsenfuturequalityoflife.Therehasneverbeenabettertimetolookatwaystoimprovebrainfunction.Theinitialresultsofthisstudyshowthat3Dfilmsmaypotentiallyplayaroleinslowingthisdecline."

   Asecondpartoftheexperimentinvolvedthosewatchingthefilmbeingfittedwithheadsetsthatscannedbrainactivityandthistooshowedheightened（加强的）activitywhenwatching3D.Accordingtotheresults,participantsweresevenpercentmoreengagedwithwhattheywerewatching,addingtoargumentthat3Dmoviesaremorelikewatchingreal-life—somethingProfessorBrendanWalkerfromThrillLaboratoryagreedwith.

   "AsProfessorBrendanWalker'stestconcluded,3Dfilmsaremoreattractiveandheightenthesenses—this,inturn,makesthebrainrunatquickerspeeds,"DrFagansaid.

（1）Accordingtotheresearch,peoplewatchingamoviein3D________.

A. haveagoodexercisefortheirbrain           

B. losetheirshortmemoryofitsplots

C. arewillingtopayahighpricefortickets   

D. reactthesamewayasthosewatchingitin2D

（2）Whatcanbelearnedfromtheresearch?

A. Watching2Dfilmslimitsbrainfunction.

B. 3Dwouldbeacontributingfactorinimprovingbrainpower.

C. Thetestwascarriedoutafterthewholefilmwasviewed.

D. Theparticipantstookthebrain-training-styletestonce.

（3）Paragraph8ismainlyabout________.

A. theapplicationof3D                                       

B. thedisadvantagesof2Dfilms

C. thechangeinbrainfunction                           

D. thesignificanceofthestudy

（4）Thetextismostlikelytoappearin________.

A. asportsnewspaper       

B. abiologytextbook       

C. asciencemagazine       

D. afilmreview

【答案】

（1）A

（2）B

（3）D

（4）C

【解析】【分析】本文介绍3D电影对人的大脑的益处。

（1）细节理解题。

根据第二段asastudyhasfoundthat3Dfilmsexercisethebrainandimproveshort-termfunctioninginasimilarwaytobrain-trainingtests.可知，看3D电影能锻炼大脑。

故选A。

（2）推理判断题。

根据第二段Buttheremaybeabenefittodoingso,asastudyhasfoundthat3Dfilmsexercisethebrainandimproveshort-termfunctioninginasimilarwaytobrain-trainingtests.可知，3D电影是一个促进大脑力量的因素。

故选B。

（3）段落大意题。

根据第八段第一句Thesefindingsaremoresignificantthanyoumightthink（这些发现比你想象的更重要）可知，选D。

（4）推理判断题。

3D电影是高科技产品，所以这篇文章最有可能出现在科学杂志上，故选C。

3．阅读理解

   Ifyouwanttoconvincethebossyoudeserveapayriseorpromotion,thesolutioncouldbesimple—eatthesamefoodastheydo.Psychologistshavediscoveredmanagersaremuchmorelikelytoinstantlytrustusifwechoosethesamedishesasthem.

   Duringexperiments,discussionsoverwagesandworkconditionsweremuchmoresuccessfulifbothsideschosetosnackonthesametreats.AndshoppersweremuchmorelikelytobuyaproductadvertisedonTVbysomeoneeatingasimilarfoodtothematthetime.

   Thereasonisthoughttobeso-calledsimilarityattractiontheory---wherepeopletendtolikeotherswhohavesimilartastesorhabitstothemselves.Butthisisbelievedtobeoneofthefirststudieshighlightingtheroleoffoodinthisrelationship.ResearchersatChicagoUniversityintheUSconductedaseriesofexperimentstoexaminefood'sroleinearningtrust.

   Inatest,participantsweretoldtowatchTV---wheresomeonepretendingtobeamemberofthepublicpraisedacertainproduct.ThevolunteersweregivenKitKatbarstonibble,whiletheTVpeopleateeitheraKitKatorgrapesastheytalked.

   TheresultsshowedviewersweremuchmorelikelytoexpressaninterestinbuyingtheproductiftheTVshowedtheotherpersoneatingaKitKattoo.

   Theresearchersadded,“Althoughsimilarityinfoodconsumptionisnotasignofwhethertwopeoplewillgetalong,wefindconsumerstreatthisassuch.Theyfeelmoretrustingofthosewhoconsumeastheydo.Itmeanspeoplecanimmediatelybegintofeelfriendshipanddevelopabond,leadingtosmoothertransactionsfromthestart.”

   HarleyStreetpsychologistDrLucyAtchesonsaiditwasalreadyknownthatwearingsimilarclothescouldinstantlycreatetrust.Butthiswasthefirstreportthatfoodhadthesameeffect.Shesaid,“Thisisreallyinteresting.Itmakessenseaspeoplefeeltheyhavecommongroundandcantrusttheotherperson.Thatmeansnegotiationsaremorelikelytobesuccessful.”

（1）Accordingtothepassage,customersarelikelytobuyaproductfromadealerwho      .

A. hasthesametasteasthem                             

B. advertiseshisproductsonTV

C. reducesthepriceofhisproducts                   

D. paysattentiontothequalityofhisproducts

（2）TheexperimentsconductedbyresearchersatChicagoUniversityshowthat      .

A. foodplaysanimportantroleinearni