职称英语等级考试试题及答案1.docx

职称英语等级考试试题及答案1.docx

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职称英语等级考试试题及答案1

2003年职称英语等级考试试题及答案

理工类B级

第一部分：

词汇选项（第1—15题，每题1分，共15分）

下面共有15个句子，每个句子中均有1个词或短语画有底横线，请从每个句子后面所给的4个选项中选择1个与画线部分意义最相近的词或短语。

答案一律涂在答题卡相应的位置上。

1.Thehigh-speedtrainscanhaveamajorimpactontravelpreferences.

AforceBinfluence

CsurpriseDpower

2.Canyoufollowtheplot?

AchangeBinvestigate

CwriteDunderstand

3.Eveninahighlymodernizedcountry,manualworkisstillneeded.

AphysicalBmental

CnaturalDhard

4.Inthelattercasetheoutcomecanbeseriousindeed.

AresultBjudgment

CdecisionDevent

5.NormanBlameyisanartistofdeepconvictions.

AstatementsBbeliefs

CsuggestionsDclaims

6.Uptonow,theworkhasbeeneasy.

ASoBSolong

CSothatDSofar

7.Thereportadvocatedsettingupdaytrainingcolleges.

AsupposedBexcited

CsuggestedDdiscussed

8.Accordingly,anumberofothermethodshavebeenemployed.

AThereforeBAfterwards

CHoweverDFurthermore

9.Theoutlookfromthetopofthemountainisbreathtaking.

AviewBsight

ClookDpoint

10.Ourlivesareintimatelyboundupwiththeirs.

AtenselyBnearly

CcarefullyDclosely

11.Theunionrepresentativeputacrossherargumentveryeffectively.

AexplainedBinvented

CconsideredDaccepted

12.Hetalkstoughbuthasatenderheart.

AheavyBstrong

CkindDwild

13.Itisnousedebatingtherelativemeritsofthispolicy.

AmakingBtaking

CdiscussingDexpecting

14.Ourstatisticsshowthatweconsumeallthatwearecapableofproducing.

AwasteBbuy

CuseDsell

15.Thefueltankshadacapacityof140liters.

AfunctionBability

CpowerDvolume

第2部分：

阅读判断（第16—22题，每题1分，共7分）

阅读下面这篇短文，短文后列出了7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断。

如果该句提供的是正确信息，请在答题卡上把A涂黑；如果该句提供的是错误信息，请在答题卡上把B涂黑；如果该句的信息文章中没有提及，请在答题卡上把C涂黑。

TheThreattoKiribati

ThepeopleofKiribatiareafraidthatonedayinthenot-too-distantfuture,theircountrywilldisappearfromthefaceoftheearth-literally.Severaltimesthisyear,thePacificislandnationhasbeenfloodedbyasuddenhightide.Thesetides,whichsweptacrosstheislandanddestroyedhouses,camewhentherewasneitherwindnorrain.“Thisneverhappenedbefore,”saytheoldercitizensofKiribati.

Whatiscausingthesemysterioushightides?

Theanswermaywellbeglobalwarming.Whenfuelslikeoilandcoalarebeingburned,pollutants（污染物）arereleased;thesepollutantstrapheatintheearth’satmosphere.Warmertemperaturescausewatertoexpandandalsocreatemorewaterbymeltingglaciers（冰川）andpolar（极地的）icecaps.

Ifthetrendcontinues,scientistssay,manycountrieswillsuffer,Bangladesh,forexample,mightloseone-fifthofitsland.Thecoral（珊瑚）islandnationsofthePacific,likeKiribatiandtheMarshallIslands,however,wouldfaceanevenworsefate–theywouldbeswallowedbythesea.Thelossofthesecoralislandswouldbeeveryone’sloss.Coralformationsarehometomorespeciesthananyotherplaceonearth.

Thepeopleofthesenationsfeelfrustrated.Thesea,onwhichtheireconomieshavealwaysbeenbased,issuddenlythreateningtheirexistence.Theydon’thavethemoneyforexpensivetechnologicalsolutionslikeseawalls.Andtheyhavenocontroloverthepollutants,whicharebeingreleasedmainlybyactivitiesinlargeindustrializedcountries.Alltheycandoistohopethatindustrializedcountrieswilltakestepstoreducepollution.

16.ThepeopleofKiribatiworrythatonedaytheircountrywillbetakenawaybyasuddenhightide.

ARightBWrongCNotmentioned

17.HightidesusedtoattackKiribatiwhentherewasstrongwindorheavyrain.

ARightBWrongCNotmentioned

18.Theheatreleasedbyburningoilandcoalisthedirectcauseofglobalwarming.

ARightBWrongCNotmentioned

19.Scientistsarenotsurehowserioustheeffectsofglobalwarmingwillbe.

ARightBWrongCNotmentioned

20.ThecoralislandnationsofthePacifichavealonghistoryofcivilization.

ARightBWrongCNotmentioned

21.Thepeopleofthecoralislandnationsareunabletodoanythingsubstantialabouttheproblemofglobalwarming.

ARightBWrongCNotmentioned

22.Someindustrializedcountriesareunwillingtospendmoneyinreducingpollution.

ARightBWrongCNotmentioned

第3部分：

概括大意与完成句子（第23—30题，每题1分，共8分）

阅读下面这篇短文，短文后有2项测试任务：

（1）第23—26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第2、3、5和6段每段选择1个正确的小标题；

（2）第27—30题要求从所给的6个选项中选择4个正确选项，分别完成每个句子。

请将答案涂在答题卡相应的位置上。

Robots

1Themostsophisticated（先进的）Japaneserobots,whichhavevisionsystemsandworkatveryhighspeeds,arestillbasedonAmericandesigns.Studiesofrobots,particularlycomputercontrolsoftware,areconsideredtobegenerallylessadvancedinJapanthaninAmericaorEurope.

2

Althoughindustrialrobotswereoriginallydevelopedasdevicesforsimplyhandlingobjects,todaytheircommonestusesareformoreskilledworklikewelding（焊接）,spray-paintingandassemblingcomponents.

3InBritain,robotsalesappropriatelypeakedin1984,buthavebeendecliningeversince.ThisispartlybecauseBritishwageratesaretoolowtomakerobotsfinanciallyattractiveandpartlybecauseengineersnowhavemoreexperiencewithrobotsandaremoreawareofthedifficultiesofintroducingthemeffectively.

4Ithasbeencalculatedthatarobotusesonaverageabout100timesmoreenergythanahumantodoanequivalentjob.

5Itisestimatedthat20%ofallcomicbookheroesinJapanarerobots.ThisisanenormousnumberbecausecomicsaresopopularthattheymakeupathirdofallmaterialpublishedinJapan.

6ThereliabilityofrobotsismeasuredintheirM.T.B.F.ormeantimebetweenfailures.Thishasrisenfromabout250hoursinthemid-1970stoabout10,000hourstoday（equivalenttoworking18hoursadayfortwoyears.）Onewayrobotmanufacturershaveincreasedreliabilityistotesteverysinglecomponenttheybuy,insteadofthenormalprocedureofjusttestingasmallsample.

7ThebiggestsinglebenefitofintroducingrobotsclaimedbyJapanesecompaniesisthattheyincreasequalitycontrol.Onceprogrammed,therobotscanworkmoreaccuratelyandconsistentlythanhumans,whocangettiredandbored.

23.

AOngoingResearch

BExtensionofUse

CRobotHeroes

DGreaterReliability

EFallingDemand

FHiddenDanger

Paragraph2_____________

24.Paragraph3_____________

25.Paragraph5_____________

26.Paragraph6_____________

27.EventhemostsophisticatedJapaneserobotsare__________.

28.RobotsarelesspopularinBritaintodaypartlybecause________.

29.Onedisadvantageofusingrobotsisthattheyconsume___________.

30.Theuseofrobotsincreases___________.

Atoomuchenergy

BbasedonAmericandesigns

Ctheyaretoocostly

Dtheyarenotreliable

Equalitycontrol

Ffreeofcharge

第4部分：

阅读理解（第31—45题，每题3分，共45分）

下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题，每道题后面有4个选项。

请根据文章的内容，从每题所给的4个选项中选择1个最佳答案，涂在答题卡相应的位置上。

第一篇NewFoodsandtheNewWorld

Inthelast500years,nothingaboutpeople–nottheirclothes,ideas,orlanguages–haschangedasmuchaswhattheyeat.Theoriginalchocolatedrinkwasmadefromtheseedsofthecocatree（可可树）bySouthAmericanIndians.TheSpanishintroducedittotherestoftheworldduringthe1500’s.Andalthoughitwasveryexpensive,itquicklybecamefashionable.InLondon,shopswherechocolatedrinkswereservedbecameimportantmeetingplaces.Somestillexisttoday.

ThepotatoisalsofromtheNewWorld.Around1600,theSpanishbroughtitfromPerutoEurope,whereitsoonwaswidelygrown.IrelandbecamesodependentonitthatthousandsofIrishpeoplestarvedwhenthecropfailedduringthe“PotatoFamine（饥荒）”of1845-1846,andthousandsmorewereforcedtoleavetheirhomelandandmovetoAmerica.

TherearemanyotherfoodsthathavetraveledfromSouthAmericatotheOldWorld.Butsomeotherswentintheoppositedirection.Brazilisnowtheworld’slargestgrowerofcoffee,andcoffeeisanimportantcropinColombiaandotherSouthAmericancountries.ButitisnativetoEthiopia,acountryinAfrica.ItwasfirstmadeintoadrinkbyArabduringthe1400’s.

AccordingtoanArabiclegend,coffeewasdiscoveredwhenapersonnameKaldinoticedthathisgoatswereattractedtotheredberriesonacoffeebush.Hetriedoneandexperiencedthe“wide-awake”feelingthatone-thirdoftheworld’spopulationnowstartsthedaywith.

31.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowinghaschangedthemostinthelast500years?

A.Food

B.Clothing

C.Ideology.

D.Language.

32.“Some”inthelastsentenceofthefirstparagraphrefersto

A.somecocoatrees.

B.somechocolatedrinks.

C.someshops.

D.somesouthamericanindians.

33.ThousandsofIrishpeoplestarvedduringthe“PotatoFamine”because

A.theyweresodependentonpotatoesthattheyrefusedtoeatanythingelse.

B.theywereforcedtoleavetheirhomelandandmovetoamerica.

C.theweatherconditionsinirelandwerenotsuitableforgrowingpotatoes.

D.thepotatoharvestwasbad.

34.Whichcountryisthelargestcoffeeproducer?

A.Brazil.

B.Colombia.

C.Ethiopia.

D.Egypt.

35.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrue,accordingtothepassage?

A.Onethirdoftheworld’spopulationdrinkscoffee.

B.CoffeeisnativetoColombia.

C.Coffeecankeeponeawake.

D.CoffeedrinkswerefirstmadebyArabs.

第二篇PleaseFastenYourSeatbelts

Severeturbulence（湍流）cankillaircraftpassengers.Now,intestflightsovertheRockyMountains,NASA（美国航空航天局）engineershavesuccessfullydetectedclear-airturbulenceupto10secondsbeforeanaircrafthitsit.

Clear-airturbulenceoftencatchespilotsbysurprise.Invisibletoradar,itisdifficulttoforecastandcanhurl（用力抛出去）passengersaboutthecabin.InDecember1997,onepassengerdiedandahundredotherswereinjuredwhenune