比较级和最高级43559.docx
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比较级和最高级43559
语法:
比较级和最高级
一、形容词、副词的比较级和最高级
1.它们有三个等级:
_____________________________________________________
2.构成(略)见课本P93
3.用法:
(1)不进行比较用___________
(2)两者相比程度一样用_____________
(3)两者相比程度不一样用_____________
(4)表示“更…”,“较…”用______________
(5)三者或以上相比表“最…”用______________
二、.比较级的用法:
常见句子结构:
(1)A+谓语(系动词)+比较级+than+B
(2)A+谓语(系动词)+as+原级as+B
(3)A+谓语(系动词)not+as+原级as+B
(4)疑问词+谓语(系动词)+比较级,AorB?
(5)倍数+as+原级+as+比较对象
比较级+than+比较对象
名词+of+比较对象
Eg:
Thisropeisthreetimesaslongasthatone.
=Thisropeistwicelongerthanthatone.
=Thisropeisthreetimesthelengthofthatone..
应用中应注意的问题:
(1)上述句子中的than引导比较状语从句,但从句中常省去意义上与前面相同的部分,而只剩下比较的对象。
Eg:
Ourteacheristallerthanweare.
Itiswarmertodaythanitwasyesterday.
Igetupearlierthanmymothergetsup(mymotherdoes/mymother).
(2)同类比较。
Thepriceofthefoodhereishigherthanthepriceofthefoodthere/thatofthefoodthere.(√)
Thepriceofthefoodhereishigherthanthefoodthere.(×)
判断:
TheweatherinChongqingiscolderthanBeijing.()
(3)比较级的修饰词:
much/far/alotbigger大得多some/anybigger大一些
alittle/abitbigger大一点even/stillbigger还要/更大些
tenminutesearlier早10分钟twoyearsolder大两岁
但是very,pretty,rather(相当),too,quite(十分)只修饰原级
表问句和否定句中还可以用any/no.例如:
Areyouanybettertoday?
No,I’mnobetter.I’mevenworse.
(4)比较级是两者相比,具有排他的特点。
不可说:
ShanghaiisbiggerthananycityinChina.
应改为:
ShanghaiisbiggerthananyothercityinChina.
判断:
ShanghaiisbiggerthananycityinItaly.()
Sheisclevererthananygirlintheclass.()
(5)old的特殊用法:
它有两个比较级和最高级。
old---older/elder---oldest/eldest.
Eg:
My_____(old)sisterworksinahospital.Sheisthreeyears_____(old)thanme.
(6)比较级+and+比较级表示“越来越…”
Eg:
Winteriscoming.Itisgettingcolderandcolder.
Ourcountryismoreandmorebeautiful.
越来越多_____________越来越大_____________越来越重要__________________
(7)the+比较级+主+谓,the+比较级+主+谓。
表示“越……就越……”
Eg:
Theharderyoustudy,themoreknowledgeyouwillget.
Thecarefulyouare,thefewermistakesyoumake.
(8))表“两者中较为…的那一个”,用the+比较级+of+thetwo/thetwins/one’sparents.
Heisthetallerofthetwo.注意句中的the.
(9)Less+原级+than“…不及”
Sheislessbeautifulthanhersister.=Sheisn’tso/asbeautifulashersister.
(10)在比较级前有的可以加数词。
例如:
Pengisthreeyearsyoungerthanhisbestfriend.
(11)在比较级中主语是不可数名词时,than之后要用that来代替,主语是可数名词单数时,用theone来代替,主语是可数名词复数时,用those来代替。
例如:
TheweatherofChongqingismuchhotterthanthatofChengdu.
Theappleinyourhandisredderthantheoneonthetable.
Thebananasonthistreearebiggerthanthoseonthattree.
三、最高级
1.表示三者或三者以上(人或事物)的比较用最高级,形容词最高级前面一般要加定冠词the,副词最高级前可加可不加定冠词the,后面可带of,in,among短语来说明比较的范围。
“of(among)+同类名词或代词的复数”,而“in+表示范围、处所的名词。
”如:
Heisthetallestofthefourboys.(He与boy属同类名词)
Heisthetallestinourclass.(表示范围)
Ofalltheboysinourclass,Tomistheyoungest.
Sheistheyoungestofthethreechildren.
Heistheyoungest_________alltheboystudents________ourclass.(用of、in填空)
2.表三者或三者以上比较的结构:
the+形容词最高级+of/in/among…
(the)+副词最高级+of/in/among…
who/which等+v.+(the)最高级,A、BorC?
Eg:
AutumnisthebestseasoninBeijing.
Sheistheoldestamongthethreesisters.
Ofalltheboyshereadsmostclearly.
Whoisthetallest,Tom,LileiorMike?
3.表“最…的之一”:
oneof+the+最高级+名词复数
TheChangjiangRiverisoneofthelongestriversintheworld.
4.当最高级前面有物主代词、指示代词或名词所有格修饰时,其前面不用定冠词the.Eg:
Fridayismybusiestday.JohnisJim’sbestfriend.
5.副词的最高级与形容词最高级的区别在于副词最高级前定冠词the可加可不加。
如:
Heruns(the)fastestofthethree.三个人中他跑得最快。
6.表示“第几最……”时,用“the+序数词+最高级+单数名词+in\of……….”如:
TheYellowRiveristhesecondlongestriverinChina.黄河是中国第二长河。
Johnisthethirdtallestofthetenboys.约翰是这十个男孩中第三高的。
7.形容词最高级有时不表示比较,而表示“非常”的意思。
这时用不定冠词“a,an”修饰最高级,意思相当于“very”。
Thisisamostbeautifulpark.
Autumnisabestseason.
8.可以用原级,比较级,最高级三种形式来表示最高级的意思。
如:
“他是他们班上最高的学生。
”有以下表达方式:
Heisthetalleststudentinhisclass.
Heisthetallestofthestudentsinhisclass.
Heistallerthantheotherstudentsinhisclass.
Heistallerthantheothersinhisclass.
Heistallerthananyotherstudentinhisclass.
Heistallerthananyoftheotherstudentsinhisclass.
Noone/Nobodyelseisastallashiminhisclass.
Everyone/Everybodyelseisshorterthanhiminhisclass.
Everyone/Everybodyelseisnotastallashiminhisclass.
形容词、副词的比较级和最高级专项练习题
1.Theboxis______ofall.A.heaviestB.thebigestC.theheavierD.thebiggest
2..______,English,mathorChinese?
A.WhatdoyoulikebestB.Whichdoyoulikebest
C.WhatdoyoulikebetterD.Whichdoyoulikebetter
18.IthinkLiuDehuaisoneofthe______moviestarsinChina.
A.popularB.popularestC.morepopularD.mostpopular
19.Wecan'tlive______air.A.withoutB.withC.toD.out
20.Math______oneofthe______subjectsinmiddleschools.
A.are;importantB.is;mostimportantC.is;moreimportantD.are;muchimportant
IV.单句改错。
(10分)
21.Thisis(A)his(B)thebest(C)book(D).
22.Heis(A)taller(B)than(C)anyboy(D)inhisclass.
23.Which(A)doyoulike(B)best(C),thisoneor(D)thatone?
24.Mikeis(A)very(B)cleverer(C)than(D)Jack.
25.Katedraws(A)best(B)of(C)herclass(D).
(一)写出下列形容词与副词的比较级与最高级形式:
long___________________wide_____________fat___________________
heavy__________________slow_____________few___________________
brightly______________________badly____________far_________________
quickly_______________________happy____________________
unhappy___________________________________
(二)用所给词的正确形式填空:
1.Ofthetwogirls,IfindLucythe_______________(clever).
2.Gold(黄金)is______(little)usefulthaniron(铁).
4.3.Mysisteristwoyears_____________(old)thanI.
John’sparentshavefourdaughters,andsheisthe____________(young)child.
5.The____________(cheap)bagsarethenotusuallythebestones.
7.Theboyisnotso__________________(interesting)ashisbrother.
8.Dicksings____________(well),shesings_____________(well)thanJohn,butMarysings_______________(well)inherclass.
9.Shewillbemuch__________________(happy)inhernewhouse.
10.Thisdressis________________________________that.(twice,as…as…,expensive)
(三)选择填空:
1.Hefeels_____todaythanyesterday.
A.tiredB.moretiredC.moretirederD.muchtired
2.Whichdoyoulike_____,coffee,teaormilk?
A.badB.worseC.theworseD.worst
3.Ofthetwotoys,thechildchose_____.
A.theexpensiveoneB.onemostexpensive
C.aleastexpensiveD.themostexpensiveofthem
4.Thelineis____thanthatone.
A.morelongerB.notlonger
C.muchmorelongerD.manymorelonger
5.Theearthis_____themoon.
A.as49timesbigasB.49timesasbiggeras
C.49timesasbigasD.asbigas49times
6.Thebookis____ofthetwo.
A.thinnerB.thethinnerC.morethinnerD.thethinnest
7.Shelooks_____thanshedoes.
A.themoreolderB.veryolderC.mucholderD.moreolder
8.Thegardenisbecoming______.
A.morebeautifulandmoreB.morebeautifulandbeautiful
C.moreandmorebeautifulD.morebeautifulandbeautifuler
9.Theycompeted(比赛)toseewhocouldwork_____.
A.thefastestandbestB.thefasterandthebetter
C.fastestandbetterD.fasterandbetter
10.______hurry,_______speed.
A.More,lessB.Much,littleC.Themore,thelessD.Themuch,thelittle
11.Thiskindofcoffeeisdifferent______.
A.anditisalsobetterB.andbetterthantheother
C.butalsothanothersD.fromtheother,andbetter
1.
1.Thisboxis___thatone.
A.heavythanB.soheavythanC.heavierasD.asheavyas
2Whenwespeaktopeople,weshouldbe__________________.
A.aspoliteaspossibleB.aspoliteaspossibly
C.aspolitelyaspossibleD.aspolitelyaspossibly
3Thisbookis____thatone,but____thanthatone.
A.asdifficultas;expensiveB.asmoredifficultas;moreexpensive
C.asdifficultas;moreexpensiveD.moredifficultas;asexpensive
4Ithinkthestoryisnotso___asthatone.
A.interestingB.interestedC.moreinterestingD.mostinteresting
5Hisfatherhasbegantowork____hewassevenyearsold.
A.asoldasB.asearlyasC.sinceD.while
2
1.Ithinkscienceis_______________thanJapanese.
A.muchimportantB.importantC.muchmoreimportantD.moremuchimportant
2Thispencilis________thanthatone.
A.longestB.longC.longerD.aslong
3Mymotherisno_________young.
A.shorterB.longerC.littleD.few
4Thesechildrenare____thisyearthantheywerelastyear.
A.moretallB.moretallerC.verytallerD.muchtaller5Itwasveryhotyesterday,butitis___today.
A.evenhotterB.morehotterC.muchmorehotD.muchhot
6.MrsBlackhasgot____insteadofgettinganybetter.
A.morebadB.alittleworseC.muchbadlyD.alotofworse
3
1.Thejacketwasso___thathedecidedtobuyit.
A.muchB.littleC.expensiveD.cheap
2.Ourclassroomis____largerthantheirs.
A.moreB.quiteC.veryD.much
4
1Theearthisabout__________themoon.
A.asfiftytimebigasB.fiftytimesasbigas
C.asbigfiftytimesasD.fiftyastimesbigas
2Yourroomis_____________mine.
A.twiceaslargethanB.twicethesizeof
C.biggertwicethanD.astwicelargeas
3Yourroomis___thanmine.
A.threetimebigB.threetimesbig
C.threetimesbiggerD.biggerthreetimes4Hisfatheris____thanhismother.
A.olderfouryearsB.asfouryearsolder
C.fouryearsolderD.biggerfouryears
5
1Mathismorepopularthan____.
A.anyothersubjectB.allthesubjects
C.anysubjectD.othersubject2Chinaislargerthan____inAfrica.
A.anyothercountryB.othercountries
C.theother