高考英语听力全国卷.docx

高考英语听力全国卷.docx

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高考英语听力全国卷

1EducationinChina

EducationinChinatodayhasbeendevelopingrapidly./Inmanyprovinces,itiscompulsoryandfree./Mostchildrenstartschoolattheageofsix./Theyattend5yearsofelementaryschooland6yearsofhighschool./Aftergraduationfromhighschool,astudentcanstarthishighereducation/inatwo-yearcollege,afour-yearcollege,auniversity,oraspecializedprofessionalschool./Mostcollegesadmitstudentsonthebasisoftheirentranceexaminationrecords./Thecostofacollegeeducationisnotveryhigh./Andthegreaterpartofitismetbytheirfamilies,thoughstudentscangetsupportfromtheircollege./Manystudentsreceivescholarshipsfromtheschool,/thegovernment,orprivatefoundationsandorganizations./ThoughgreatprogresshasbeenmadeinChinainthefieldofeducation,/thereisstillacomparativelylargepartofthepopulation/inthecountrywhocannotreadandwrite.

Words&Expressions

1compulsory:

sthmustbedonebyalaworarule.

----op:

optional

2attend:

togotoaplaceregularly

3elementary:

inorconnectedwiththefirststagesofacourseofstudy

4scholarship:

anamountofmoneygiventosbbyanorganizationtohelppayfortheireducation

5comparatively:

ascomparedtosth.

2Dreams

Dreamsareaproductofthesleeper’smind./Theyincludeeventsandfeelingsthathehasexperienced./Mostdreamsarerelatedtoeventsofthedaybeforethedreamsandthestrongwishesofthedreamer./Manyminorincidentsofthehoursbeforesleepappearindreams./Feweventsmorethantwodaysoldturnup./Deepwishesorfears,especiallythoseheldsincechildhood,oftenappearindreams,andmanydreamsfulfillsuchwishes./Eventsinthesleeper’ssurroundings,aloudnoise,forexample,maybecomepartofadream,buttheydonotcausedreams./Somedreamsinvolvedeepfeelingsthatapersonmaynotrealizehehas./Psychiatristsoftenusematerialfromapatient’sdreamstohelpthepersonunderstandhimselfbetter./Dreamingmayhelpmaintaingoodlearningability,memory,andemotionaladjustment.

Words&Expressions

1minor:

smaller,lessimportant

2:

incident:

event,esp.oneoflessimportancethanothers

3:

appear:

comeintoview,becomevisible

4fulfill:

performorcompleteatask,duty,etc.

5emotional:

oforrelatingtoemotion

6psychiatrist:

theexpertinthefieldofpsychology.

3Emotions

Accordingtopsychologists,anemotionisarousedwhenamanoranimalviewssomethingaseitherbadorgood.Whenapersonfeelslikerunningawayfromsomethinghethinkswillhurthim,wecallthisemotionfear.Ifthepersonwantstoremovethedangerbyattackingit,wecalltheemotionanger.Theemotionsofjoyandlovearearousedwhenwethinksomethingcanhelpus.Anemotiondoesnothavetobecreatedbysomethingintheoutsideworld.Itcanbecreatedbyaperson’sthoughts.Everyonehasemotions,butmanypsychologistsbelievethatinfantsareobrewithoutemotions.Theybelievechildrenlearnemotionsjustastheylearntoreadandwrite.Agrowingchildnotonlylearnshisemotionsbutlearnshowtoactincertainsituationsbecauseofanemotions.

Words&Expressions

1psychologist:

studentoforexpertinpsychology

2emotion:

excitementordisturbanceofthemindorthefeelings

3remove:

takesth/sbawayfromoneplacetoanother

4attack:

makeaviolentattempttohurt,overcomeordefeatsb/sth

5arouse:

causetoappear,awaken

4Re-employmentofLaid-offWorkers

Theissueofre-employmenthasemerged（出现）withlargenumbersofsurpluslabourershavingbeenlaidoff.Thereisnodoubtthatitwouldleadtoendlesstroubleifthesurpluswerenotreorganizedproperly.Inordertomaintain（获得）socialstabilityandtosecurepeople’snormallivingstandards（生活水平）,itisessential（必要的）toworkoutsolutionstotheproblem.Solvingtheproblemisatwo-wayoperationasfarasthegovernmentandworkersareconcerned.Ontheonehand,thegovernmentatalllevelsshouldtryeverypossiblemeanstocreateawiderangeofemploymentoptionsopentolaid-offworkers;ontheotherhand,theseworkersoughtnottositidleandwaitforopportunitiestocome.Solongastheydon’tloseheartandconstantlystrivetobetterthemselves,theirfutureswillbebright.

Words&Expressions

1re-employment:

actofemployingagain

2surplus:

amountleftoverafteronehasusedallthatoneneeds,amountbywhichmoneyreceivedisgreaterthanmoneyspent/过剩的，多余的

3stability:

qualityorstateofbeingstable/

4concern:

beaboutsth;haveasasubject

5constantly:

continuously,frequently

essential

laid-off

idle

5DescribingPeople

Faces,likefingerprints,areunique.Didyoueverwonderhowitispossibleforusrecognizepeople?

Evenaskilledwriterprobablycouldnotdescribeallthefeaturesthatmakeonefacedifferentformanother.Yetaveryyoungchild---evenananimal,suchasapigeon---canlearntorecognizefaces.Wealltakethisabilityforgranted.Wealsotellpeopleapartbyhowtheybehave.

Whenwetalkaboutsomeone’spersonality,wemeanthewaysinwhichheorsheacts,speaks,thinksandfeelsthatmakethatindividualdifferentformothers.Likethehumanface,humanpersonalityisverycomplex.Butdescribingsomeone’spersonalityinwordsissomewhateasierthandescribinghisface.Ifyouwereaskedtodescribewhaa“niceface”lookedlike,youprobablywouldhaveadifficulttimedoingso.Butifyouwereaskedtodescribea“niceperson”,youmightbegintothinkaboutsomeonewhowaskind,considerate,friendlyandwarm.

Words&Expressions

1fingerprint:

markmadebythetipofafingeronasurfaceandusedforidentifyingpeople,esp.criminals.指纹

2recognize:

knowsb/sthagain

3personality:

characteristicsandqualitiesofapersonseenasawhole

4describe:

saywhatsb/sthislike,depictsthinwords

5considerate:

carefulnottohurtorinconvenienceothers,thoughtful

6Physicalactivity

Mostyoungpeopleenjoysomeformofphysicalactivity.Itmightbewalking,cycling,orswimming,orinwinter,skatingorskiing.Itmightbeagameofsomekindlikefootball,hockey,golfortennis,oritmightbemountaineering.Thosewhohaveapassionforclimbinghighanddifficultmountainsareoftenlookeduponwithastonishment.Whyaremenandwomenwillingtosuffercoldandhardship,andtotakerisksonhighmountains?

Thisastonishmentisprobablycausedbythedifferencebetweenmountaineeringandotherformsofactivitytowhichmengivetheirleisure.Ifwecomparemountaineeringandothermorefamiliarsports,wemightthinkthatonebigdifferenceisthatmountaineeringisnota“teamsport”.Weshouldbemistakeninthis.Thereare,itistrue,no“matches”between“teams”ofclimbers.However,whenclimbersareonarockfacelinkedbyaropeonwhichtheirlivesmaydepend,thereisobviouslyteamwork.

Words&Expressions

1mountaineering:

climbingmountains

2passion:

strongfeeling,ofhatred,loveoranger.

3astonishment:

greatsurprise.

4leisure:

timefreefromworkorotherduties;sparetime

5compare:

examinepeopleorthingstoseehowthearealikeandhowtheyaredifferent.

7ThecleveranNasreddin

Anoldmandiedandlefthissonalotofmoney.Butthesonwasafoolishyoungman:

hequicklyspentallthemoney,andsoonhehadnothingleft.Ofcourse,whenthishappened,allhisfriendslefthim.Whenhewasquitepoorandalone,hewenttoseeNasreddin,whowasakind,cleveroldmanandoftenhelpedpeoplewhentheyhavetroubles.“Mymoneyisfinishedandmyfriendshavegone,”saidtheyoungman.“Whatwillhappentomenow?

”“Don’tworry,youngman,”answeredNasreddin,“Everythingwillsoonbeallrightagainandyouwillsoonfeelmuchhappier.”Theyoungmanwasveryglad.“AmIgoingtogetrichagainthen?

”heaskedNasreddin.“No,Ididn’tmeanthat,”saidtheoldman.“Imeantthatyouwouldsoongetusedtobeingpoorandtohavingnofriends.”

Words&Expressions

1foolish:

lackinggoodsenseorjudgment;silly

2happen:

occur（bychanceorotherwise）;takeplace

3trouble:

inconvenience;bother

4finish:

comeorbringtoanend

5mean:

conveysth;signifysth

8Amanandhiscar

Amanwastravelingabroadinasmallredcar.Onedayhelefthiscarandwentshopping.Whenhecameback,itsroofwasbadlydamaged.Someboystoldhimthatanelephanthaddamagedit.Themandidnotbelievethem,buttheytookhimtoacircuswhichwasnearthere.Theowneroftheelephantsaid,“Iamverysorry!

Myelephanthasabig,round,redchair.Hethoughtthatyourcarwashischair,andhesatonit!

”Thenhegavethemanaletter,inwhichhesaidthathewassorryandthathewouldpayforallthedamage.Whenthemangotbacktohisowncountry,thecustomsofficerswouldnotbelievehisstory.Theysaid,“yousoldyournewcarwhileyouwereabroadandboughtthisoldone!

”Itwasonlywhenthemanshowedthemtheletterfromthemanatthecircusthattheybelievedhim.

Words&Expressions

1damage:

causedamageto

2circus:

travelingcompanyofentertainers,includingacrobats,riders,clownsandperforminganimals

3show:

causesb/sthtobeseen.Displaysb/sth

4abroad:

inortoaforeigncountryorcountries;awayfromone’sowncountry

5believe:

feelsureofthetruthof;acceptthestatementofsbastrue.

9thesun

alongtimeagopeoplethoughtthatthesunwentroundtheearth.Insomecountriespeopleevensaidthatthesunwasagod.Theythoughtthegoddroveacrosstheskyeachdayonagoldenhouse.Nowweknowtheearthgoesroundthesun.Ittakestheearthayeartogoallthewayroundthesun.Todaymenevenknowhowfaritisfortheearthtogoroundthesun.theytellusthattheearthtravelsoverathousandmilesa