新高考英语词汇语篇模式一轮复习教学案含作业主题语境3 Topic 1.docx

新高考英语词汇语篇模式一轮复习教学案含作业主题语境3 Topic 1.docx

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新高考英语词汇语篇模式一轮复习教学案含作业主题语境3Topic1

Topic46　变化

1.改变与调整（ChangeandAdjustment）

change,changeinto,turninto,adapt,adaptto,________[ə'dʒʌst]20，adjustto,adjustment,develop,development,________[Im'pruːv]110，improvement，differ,differfrom,bedifferentfrom,tellthedifferencebetween...and,vary,varyfrom,variety,similar,besimilarto,similarity,reform,transform,abrupt,stable,transfer,shift,________[prə'məʊt]65,promotion,________[dI'mɑːnd]63,strengthen,________[eIm]55,withtheaimof

2.数量变化（QuantityChanges）

increase,ontheincrease,increasingly,add,addition,additional,raise,rise,progress,buildup,goup,speedup,________[əd'vɑːns]45,double,enlarge,expand,multiply,____________[ək'seləreIt]3,accumulate,reduce,decline,decrease,fall,cutdown，slowdown,drop,narrow,withdraw,short,beshortof,shortage,________['bæləns]37

3.更迭交替（ChangeandAlternation）

exchange,exchange...for...,________[rI'pleIs]50,taketheplaceof,remove

4.情境变化（SituationChanges）

far,befaraway,near,new,ancient,value,valuable,cherish,fallbehind,catchupwith,________[ə'prəʊtʃ]61

5.心情变化（MoodChanges）

happy,sad,excited,disappointed,eager,beeagerfor,anxious,beanxiousabout,worry,beworriedabout,besatisfiedwith,bepleasedwith

adjust;improve;promote;demand;aim;advance;accelerate;balance;replace;approach

decrease

①（2018·全国卷Ⅱ）Thisswitchhasdecreasedpollutioninthecountry'smajorlakesandreservoirsandmadedrinkingwatersaferforpeople.

②Therehasbeenadecreaseintrafficaccidents.

（1）介词填空

①Therehasbeensomedecrease________trafficaccidentsthisyear.

②Theclubmembersdecreased________twohundredcomparedwithlastyear.

③Thehousingpriceishopedtodecrease________10%thisyear.

④Toourdelight,varietiesofbirdsintheforestare________theincrease.

★答案★：

①in　②to　③by　④on

（2）单句写作

①Thenumberofstudents____________________（已减少到）1,000.

②Theunemployment____________________（已减少了）30percent.

★答案★：

①hasdecreasedto　②hasdecreasedby

（1）v.（使大小、数量等）减少，减小，降低tobecomeormakesth.becomesmallerinsize,number,etc.

（2）n.减少；降低；减少量theprocessofreducingsth.ortheamountthatsth.isreducedby

decrease_by...减少了……

decreasefrom...to...（数量等）从……减少到……

a_decrease_in……的减少

on_the_decrease/increase在减少/增加

介词by表示增减的幅度；介词to表示增减的结果。

balance

①Trytokeepabalancebetweenworkandrelaxation.

②Hebalancedhisbudgetsbyrigidcontroloverpublicexpenditure.

③Thecostofobtaininglegaladviceneedstobebalancedagainstitsbenefits.

（1）单句语法填空

①Hebalancedtheadvantages________thedisadvantages.

②________balancebiotechnologyshouldbegoodnewsfordevelopingcountries.

③Hecutdownoncoffeeandcigarettes,andatea________（balance）diet.

★答案★：

①against　②On　③balanced

（2）单句写作

①小女孩失去了平衡，从平衡木上摔了下来。

______________________andfelloffthebalancebeam.

②人行道上结了冰，要想保持平衡不容易。

__________________________onanicypavement.

★答案★：

①Thegirllostherbalance　②It'sdifficulttokeepyourbalance

（1）n.均衡；平衡；均势asituationinwhichdifferentthingsexistinequal,correctorgoodamounts

（2）v.使（在某物上）保持平衡；立稳toputyourbodyorsth.elseintoapositionwhereitissteadyanddoesnotfall

（3）v.比较（两个相对的事物）；权衡重要性tocomparetherelativeimportanceoftwocontrastingthings

determined

①（2018·北京高考）Yet,Iwasdeterminedtogoahead.

②Theproposalhadbeendroppedinthefaceofdeterminedopposition.

（1）用determine的适当形式填空

①She________thetitleofhisnovel.

②His________tomarryherisnowmuchstrongerthanever.

③Hewas________towinthegame.

④Hemadea________efforttostopsmoking.

⑤His________lookshowedthathehadmadeuphismind.

★答案★：

①determined　②determination　③determined　④determined　⑤determined

（2）单句写作

①她是一位意志坚强的年轻女人。

Sheis____________________.

②我们决定周一前完成这项工作。

We____________________gettheworkdonebeforeMonday.

★答案★：

①adeterminedyoungwoman　②aredeterminedto/havedeterminedto

（1）adj.决心；决定；决意havingmadeafirmdecisiontodosth.andnotlettinganyoneprevent

（2）adj.坚定的；坚决的；果断的showingaperson'sdeterminationtodosth.

determinetodo与bedeterminedtodo二者都表示“决定做某事”，determinetodo强调动作；bedeterminedtodo说明一种状态，表示已经下了决心。

determine是非延续性动词，不能与表示时间段的状语连用；bedetermined是一种延续状态，可与时间段连用。

affect

①（2019·北京高考）Warmingchangeskeycharacteristicsoftheoceanandcanaffectphytoplanktongrowth.

②IhopesomedayIcanusemyrealhearttoaffectyou.

（1）选词填空：

effect/affect/influence

①It'salltooeasytobe________byourparents.

②Therainhashadan________onthecrops.

③Herparentsnolongerhaveanyreal________overher.

★答案★：

①affected　②effect　③influence

（2）单句语法填空

①Abadhomeenvironmentcan________（effect）achild'shealthygrowth.

②Usingcomputershasabeneficialeffect________children'slearning.

★答案★：

①affect　②on

（3）单句写作

①屋里的人都感动得流下了眼泪。

Allthepeopleintheroom________________tears.

②网络对孩子的行为有影响吗？

DoestheInternet________________children'sbehaviour?

★答案★：

①wereaffectedto　②haveaneffecton

（1）v.影响toproduceachangeinsb./sth.

（2）v.（感情上）深深打动；使悲伤（或怜悯等）tomakesb.havestrongfeelingsofsadness,pity,etc.

rely

①（2017·天津高考）Aslongasonedoesn'tcometorelyonit,wishingforafewgoodthingstohappenneverhurtsanybody.

②Youcanrelyonmetokeepyoursecret.

（1）单句语法填空

①Ithinkwecanrely________Tomnottotellanyone.

②Youcanrelyon________thatitwillrainthisweekend.

③Wecanrelyonthegovernment________help.

★答案★：

①on　②it　③for

（2）单句写作

①你可以信赖我对你的帮助。

Youmay____________________you.

②你相信彼得，他说到做到。

Youcan____________________whateverhepromises.

③我们不要指望他能及时赶到。

Wecan't____________________intime.

★答案★：

①relyonmetohelp/myhelping　②relyonPetertodo　③relyonhis/himcoming

（1）v.依赖；依靠toneedordependonsb./sth.

（2）v.信赖；信任totrustorhavefaithinsb./sth.

relyon/uponsb./sth.依靠某人/某物

relyon/upon...for...依赖；依靠……

relyon/uponsb./one'sdoingsth.依靠/指望某人做某事

relyon/uponsb.todosth.依靠/指望/相信某人做某事

relyon/uponit＋that从句　相信……；指望……

reliableadj.可信赖的；可靠的

support

①（2017·全国卷Ⅰ）Visitpacificsciencecenter.orgtofindvariouswaysyoucansupportPacificScienceCenter.

②Ifyouraiseitatthemeeting,I'llsupportyou.

③（2019·天津高考）Tomissoindependentthatheneveraskshisparents'opinionunlesshewantstheirsupport.

④（2019·江苏高考）Donatorsshouldensurethateachchildgetsfinancialsupport.

（1）单句语法填空

①Isupportyou________yourdecision.

②AcrowdoffanscametoJinanOlympicCenterGymnasium________supportofthepopularplayer.

③Herbosswasvery________（support）andgavehertimeoffworktoseehermum.

★答案★：

①in　②in　③supportive

（2）单句写作

①政府支持这些组织提出的要求。

Thegovernment________theunions________theirdemand.

②只有少数几个人表示支持这个计划。

Onlyafewpeoplespoke____________________thisplan.

③她需要一份高收入来养活这么一大家子。

Sheneedsahighincometo____________________.

④我能自食其力吗？

我暗暗自问。

WillIbeableto____________________？

Iwondered.

★答案★：

①supported;in　②insupportof　③supportsuchabigfamily　④supportmyself

（1）v.帮助；援助togiveorbereadytogivehelptosb.iftheyneedit

（2）v.鼓励；支持；拥护tohelporencouragesb./sth.bysayingorshowingthatyouagreewiththem/it

（3）n.帮助；支持；支援；援助beingkindtosb.andhelpsb.duringadifficultorunhappytime

（4）n.赞助；资助moneyprovidedtoenableanorganizationtocontinue

supportoneself自食其力

supportone'sfamily养家糊口

supportsb.insth.在某事上支持某人

insupportof支持；拥护

cometoone'ssupport援助（某人）

insupport准备给予支援的；准备的

supportiveadj.给予帮助的；支持的

resist

①Theyaredeterminedtoresistpressuretochangethelaw.

②Demonstratorsviolentlyresistedattemptstoremovethemfromthebuilding.

③Studentsshouldresistthetemptationtofocusonexamsalone.

④Ahealthydietshouldhelpyourbodyresistinfection.

（1）单句语法填空

①Hefoundithardtoresist________（buy）thesebooks.

②Therehasbeenalotofresistance________thisnewlaw.

③Thesecropsaresafe,andthey're________（resist）todroughtanddisease.

★答案★：

①buying　②to　③resistant

（2）单句写作

①他反对别人嘲笑他。

He________________laughedat.

②我忍不住看了一眼她的日记。

Icouldn't________________alookatherdiary.

③人们认为上了年纪的人总是抵制变革。

It'sbelievedthatelderlypeoplearealways________________change.

★答案★：

①resistedbeing　②resisthaving　③resistantto

（1）v.抵制；阻挡torefusetoacceptsth.andtrytostopitfromhappening

（2）v.反抗；回击；抵抗tofightbackwhenattacked;touseforcetostopsth.fromhappening

（3）v.忍住；抵挡tostopyourselffromhavingsth.youlikeordoingsth.youverymuchwanttodo

（4）v.使不受……的伤害；抗（伤害）tonotbeharmedordamagedbysth.

resistdoingsth.反对做某事

can'tresist（doing）sth.无法抗拒（做……的）诱惑；忍不住做……

resistthetemptation抵制诱惑

resistancen.（to）抵抗力/性；对抗（力）

resistantadj.（to）抵抗的，抗……的，耐……的

harm

①（2019·全国卷Ⅰ）Whilethesun'srayscanageandharmourskin,theyalsogiveusbeneficialVitaminD．

②（2018·全国卷Ⅲ）Truetoagorilla'sunaggressivenature,thehugeanimalmeantmenorealharm.

（1）选词填空：

injure/wound/hurt/harm

①Thesoldierwas________inthearminthewar.

②Shewas________slightlyinanaccidentduringthework.

③Iwasverymuch________athiswords.

④Thisbrightlightwilldogreat________toyoureyes.

★答案★：

①wounded　②injured　③hurt　④harm

（2）单句语法填空

①Itwouldn'tdohimanyharm________workharder.

②Ifweinterfere,itwilldo________（much）harmthangood.

★答案★：

①to　②more

（3）句型转换

①Thepollutedairisharmfultoourhealth.

→Thepollutedair____________________ourhealth.

②Itdoesnoharmforyoutogetupearly.

→Thereis____________________upearly.

★答案★：

①doesharmto　②noharminyourgetting

（4）单句写作

①这种药对人类无害。

Thismedicine____________________humanbeings.

②污染了的水和空气对人的健康有害。

Thepollutedwaterandair____________________people'shealth.

③许多甜食会对