最新考研英语大纲样题.docx

最新考研英语大纲样题.docx

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最新考研英语大纲样题

附录I样题

SectionⅠUseofEnglish

Directions:

Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword（s）foreachnumberedblankandmarkA,B,CorDonANSWERSHEET1.（10points）

Duringthe1980s,unemploymentandunderemploymentinsomecountrieswasashighas90percent.Somecountriesdidnot_1_enoughfood;basicneedsinhousingandclothingwerenot_2_.Manyofthesecountrieslookedtotheindustrialprocessesofthedevelopednations_3_solutions.

_4_,problemscannotalwaysbesolvedbycopyingtheindustrializednations.Industryinthedevelopednationsishighlyautomatedandvery_5_.Itprovidesfewerjobsthanlabor-intensiveindustrialprocesses,andhighly_6_workersareneededto_7_andrepairtheequipment.Theseworkersmustbetrained,_8_manynationsdonothavethenecessarytraininginstitutions.Thus,the_9_ofimportingindustrybecomeshigher.Studentsmustbesentabroadto_10_vocationalandprofessionaltraining._11_,justtobegintraining,thestudentsmust12learnEnglish,French,German,orJapanese.Thestudentsthenspendmanyyearsabroad,and_13_donotreturnhome.

Allnationsagreethatscienceandtechnology_14_beshared.Thepointis,countries_15_theindustrialprocessesofthedevelopednationsneedtolookcarefully_16_thecosts,becausemanyofthesecostsare_17_.Studentsfromthesenationsshould_18_theproblemsoftheindustrializedcountriesclosely._19_care,theywilltakehomenottheproblemsofscienceandtechnology,_20_thebenefits.

1.[A]generate[B]raise[C]produce[D]manufacture

2.[A]answered[B]met[C]calculated[D]remembered

3.[A]for[B]without[C]as[D]about

4.[A]Moreover[B]Therefore[C]Anyway[D]However

5.[A]expensive[B]mechanical[C]flourishing[D]complicated

6.[A]gifted[B]skilled[C]trained[D]skillful

7.[A]keep[B]maintain[C]retain[D]protect

8.[A]since[B]so[C]and[D]yet

9.[A]charge[B]price[C]cost[D]value

10.[A]accept[B]gain[C]receive[D]absorb

11.[A]Frequently[B]Incidentally[C]Occasionally[D]Eventually

12.[A]soon[B]quickly[C]immediately[D]first

13.[A]some[B]others[C]several[D]few

14.[A]might[B]should[C]would[D]will

15.[A]adopting[B]conducting[C]receiving[D]adjusting

16.[A]to[B]at[C]on[D]about

17.[A]small[B]secret[C]obvious[D]hidden

18.[A]tackle[B]learn[C]study[D]deal

19.[A]In[B]Through[C]With[D]Under

20.[A]except[B]nor[C]or[D]but

SectionIIReadingComprehension

PartA

Directions:

Readthefollowingfourtexts.AnswerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosingA,B,C,orD.MarkyouranswersonANSWERSHEET1.（40points）

Text1

Itwas3:

45inthemorningwhenthevotewasfinallytaken.Aftersixmonthsofarguingandfinal16hoursofhotparliamentarydebates,Australia'sNorthernTerritorybecamethefirstlegalauthorityintheworldtoallowdoctorstotakethelivesofincurablyillpatientswhowishtodie.Themeasurepassedbytheconvincingvoteof15to10.AlmostimmediatelywordflashedontheInternetandwaspickedup,halfaworldaway,byJohnHofsess,executivedirectoroftheRighttoDieSocietyofCanada.Hesentitonviathegroup'son-lineservice,DeathNET.SaysHofsess:

"Wepostedbulletinsalldaylong,becauseofcoursethisisn'tjustsomethingthathappenedinAustralia.It'sworldhistory."

Thefullimportmaytakeawhiletosinkin.TheNTRightsoftheTerminallyIlllawhasleftphysiciansandcitizensaliketryingtodealwithitsmoralandpracticalimplications.Somehavebreathedsighsofrelief,others,includingchurches,right-to-lifegroupsandtheAustralianMedicalAssociation,bitterlyattackedthebillandthehasteofitspassage.Butthetideisunlikelytoturnback.InAustralia—whereanagingpopulation,life-extendingtechnologyandchangingcommunityattitudeshaveallplayedtheirpart—otherstatesaregoingtoconsidermakingasimilarlawtodealwitheuthanasia.IntheUSandCanada,wheretheright-to-diemovementisgatheringstrength,observersarewaitingforthedominoestostartfalling.

　　UnderthenewNorthernTerritorylaw,anadultpatientcanrequestdeath—probablybyadeadlyinjectionorpill—toputanendtosuffering.Thepatientmustbediagnosedasterminallyillbytwodoctors.Aftera"coolingoff"periodofsevendays,thepatientcansignacertificateofrequest.After48hoursthewishfordeathcanbemet.ForLloydNickson,a54-year-oldDarwinresidentsufferingfromlungcancer,theNTRightsofTerminallyIlllawmeanshecangetonwithlivingwithoutthehauntingfearofhissuffering:

aterrifyingdeathfromhisbreathingcondition."I'mnotafraidofdyingfromaspiritualpointofview,butwhatIwasafraidofwashowI'dgo,becauseI'vewatchedpeopledieinthehospitalfightingforoxygenandclawingattheirmasks,"hesays.

21.Fromthesecondparagraphwelearnthat

　　[A]theobjectiontoeuthanasiaisdiminishinginsomecountries.

　　[B]physiciansandcitizenshavethesameviewoneuthanasia.

　　[C]technologicalchangesarechieflyresponsibleforthenewlaw.

　　[D]ittakestimetoappreciatethesignificanceoflawspassed.

22.Bysayingthat“observersarewaitingforthedominoestostartfalling”（Line7-8,Paragraph2）,theauthormeansthat

　　[A]observersaretakingawait-and-seeattitudetowardsthefutureofeuthanasia.

　　[B]thereisapossibilityofsimilarbillsbeingpassedintheU.S.andCanada.

　　[C]observersarewaitingtoseethemovementendupinfailure.

　　[D]theprocessofbilltakingeffectmayfinallycometoastop.

23.WhenLloydNicksondies,hewill

　　[A]undergoacoolingoffperiodofsevendays.

　　[B]experiencethesufferingofalungcancerpatient.

　　[C]haveanintensefearofterriblesuffering.

　　[D]facehisdeathwithcalmcharacteristicofeuthanasia.

24.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardseuthanasia?

　　[A]Hostile.

　　[B]Suspicious.

　　[C]Approving.

　　[D]Indifferent.

25.Wecaninferfromthetextthatthesuccessoftheright-to-diemovementis

　　[A]oneamatteroftime.

　　[B]farfromcertain.

　　[C]justanillusion.

　　[D]afadinghope.

TEXT2

Muchofthelanguageusedtodescribemonetarypolicy,suchas"steeringtheeconomytoasoftlanding"or"atouchonthebrakes",makesitsoundlikeaprecisescience.Nothingcouldbefurtherfromthetruth.Thelinkbetweeninterestratesandinflationisuncertain.Andtherearelong,variablelagsbeforepolicychangeshaveanyeffectontheeconomy.Hencetheanalogythatlikenstheconductofmonetarypolicytodrivingacarwithablackenedwindscreen,acrackedrearviewmirrorandafaultysteeringwheel.

　　Givenallthesedisadvantages,centralbankersseemtohavehadmuchtoboastaboutoflate.Averageinflationinthebigsevenindustrialeconomiesfelltoamere2.3%lastyear,closetoitslowestlevelin30years,beforerisingslightlyto2.5%thisJuly.Thisisalongwaybelowthedouble-digitrateswhichmanycountriesexperiencedinthe1970sandearly1980s.

　　Itisalsolessthanmostforecastershadpredicted.Inlate1994thepanelofeconomistswhichTheEconomistpollseachmonthsaidthatAmerica'sinflationratewouldaverage3.5%in1995.Infact,itfellto2.6%inAugust,andisexpectedtoaverageonlyabout3%fortheyearasawhole.InBritainandJapaninflationisrunninghalfapercentagepointbelowtheratepredictedattheendoflastyear.Thisisnoflashinthepan;overthepastcoupleofyears,inflationhasbeenconsistentlylowerthanexpectedinBritainandAmerica.

　　EconomistshavebeenparticularlysurprisedbyfavourableinflationfiguresinBritainandtheUnitedStates,sinceconventionalmeasuressuggestthatbotheconomies,andespeciallyAmerica's,havelittleproductiveslack.America'scapacityutilisation,forexample,hithistoricallyhighlevelsearlierthisyear,anditsjoblessrate（5.6%inAugust）hasfallenbelowmostestimatesofthenaturalrateofunemployment—theratebelowwhichinflationhastakenoffinthepast.

　　Whyhasinflationprovedsomild?

Themostthrillingexplanationis,unfortunately,alittledefective.Someeconomistsarguethatpowerfulstructuralchangesintheworldhaveupendedtheoldeconomicmodelsthatwerebaseduponthehistoricallinkbetweengrowthandinflation.

26.Accordingtothetext,makingmonetarypolicychanges

　　[A]iscomparabletodrivingacar.

　　[B]issimilartocarryingoutscientificwork.

　　[C]willnotinfluencetheeconomyimmediately.

　　[D]willhaveanimmediateimpactontheinflationrate.

27.Fromthetextwelearnthat

　　[A]thereisaclearrelationshipbetweeninflationandinterestretes.

　　[B]theeconomyalwaysfollowsparticulartrends.

　　[C]thecurrenteconomicproblemareentirelypredictable.

　　[D]thepresenteconomicsituationisbetterthanexpected.

28.Thetextsuggeststhat

　　[A]thepreviouseconomicmodelsarestillapplicable.

　　[B]anextremelylowjoblessratewillleadtoinflation.

　　[C]ahighunemploymentratewillresultfrominflation.

　　[D]interestrateshaveanimmediateeffectontheeconomy.

29.Bysaying"Thisisnoflashinthepan"（line5,paragraph3）,theauthorimpliesthat

　　[A]thelowinflationratewillcontinue.

　　[B]theinflationratewillriseagain.

　　[C]inflationwilldisappearentirely.

　　[D]thereisnoinflationatpresent.

30.Howdoestheauthorfeelaboutthepresentsituation?

　　[A]Tolerant.

　　[B]Indifferent.

　　[C]Disappointed.

　　[D]Surprised.

TEXT3

InthefirstyearorsoofWebbusiness,mostoftheactionhasrevolvedaroundeffortstotaptheconsumermarket.Morerecently,astheWebprovedtobemorethanafashion,companieshavestartedtobuyandsellproductsandserviceswithon