完整版TED英语演讲稿为什么节食减肥没效果1.docx

完整版TED英语演讲稿为什么节食减肥没效果1.docx

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完整版TED英语演讲稿为什么节食减肥没效果1

TED英语演讲稿：

为什么节食减肥没效果？

　　简介：

在美国，80%的女孩在她们10岁的时候便开始节食。

神经学家sandraaamodt结合自己的亲身经历，讲述大脑是如何控制我们的身体的。

节食减肥为何没效果?

来听听她的说法吧!

　　threeandahalfyearsago,imadeoneofthebestdecisionsofmylife.asmynewyear'sresolution,igaveupdieting,stoppedworryingaboutmyweight,andlearnedtoeatmindfully.nowieatwheneveri'mhungry,andi'velost10pounds.

　　thiswasmeatage13,whenistartedmyfirstdiet.ilookatthatpicturenow,andithink,youdidnotneedadiet,youneededafashionconsult.（laughter）butithoughtineededtoloseweight,andwhenigaineditback,ofcourseiblamedmyself.andforthenextthreedecades,iwasonandoffvariousdiets.nomatterwhatitried,theweighti'dlostalwayscameback.i'msuremanyofyouknowthefeeling.

　　asaneuroscientist,iwondered,whyisthissohard?

obviously,howmuchyouweighdependsonhowmuchyoueatandhowmuchenergyyouburn.whatmostpeopledon'trealizeisthathungerandenergyusearecontrolledbythebrain,mostlywithoutyourawareness.yourbraindoesalotofitsworkbehindthescenes,andthatisagoodthing,becauseyourconsciousmind--howdoweputthispolitely?

--it'seasilydistracted.it'sgoodthatyoudon'thavetoremembertobreathewhenyougetcaughtupinamovie.youdon'tforgethowtowalkbecauseyou'rethinkingaboutwhattohavefordinner.

　　yourbrainalsohasitsownsenseofwhatyoushouldweigh,nomatterwhatyouconsciouslybelieve.thisiscalledyoursetpoint,butthat'samisleadingterm,becauseit'sactuallyarangeofabout10or15pounds.youcanuselifestylechoicestomoveyourweightupanddownwithinthatrange,butit'smuch,muchhardertostayoutsideofit.thehypothalamus,thepartofthebrainthatregulatesbodyweight,therearemorethanadozenchemicalsignalsinthebrainthattellyourbodytogainweight,morethananotherdozenthattellyourbodytoloseit,andthesystemworkslikeathermostat,respondingtosignalsfromthebodybyadjustinghunger,activityandmetabolism,tokeepyourweightstableasconditionschange.that'swhatathermostatdoes,right?

itkeepsthetemperatureinyourhousethesameastheweatherchangesoutside.nowyoucantrytochangethetemperatureinyourhousebyopeningawindowinthewinter,butthat'snotgoingtochangethesettingonthethermostat,whichwillrespondbykickingonthefurnacetowarmtheplacebackup.

　　yourbrainworksexactlythesameway,respondingtoweightlossbyusingpowerfultoolstopushyourbodybacktowhatitconsidersnormal.ifyoulosealotofweight,yourbrainreactsasifyouwerestarving,andwhetheryoustartedoutfatorthin,yourbrain'sresponseisexactlythesame.wewouldlovetothinkthatyourbraincouldtellwhetheryouneedtoloseweightornot,butitcan't.ifyoudolosealotofweight,youbecomehungry,andyourmusclesburnlessenergy.dr.rudyleibelofcolumbiauniversityhasfoundthatpeoplewhohavelost10percentoftheirbodyweightburn250to400calorieslessbecausetheirmetabolismissuppressed.that'salotoffood.thismeansthatasuccessfuldietermusteatthismuchlessforeverthansomeoneofthesameweightwhohasalwaysbeenthin.

　　fromanevolutionaryperspective,yourbody'sresistancetoweightlossmakessense.whenfoodwasscarce,ourancestors'survivaldependedonconservingenergy,andregainingtheweightwhenfoodwasavailablewouldhaveprotectedthemagainstthenextshortage.overthecourseofhumanhistory,starvationhasbeenamuchbiggerproblemthanovereating.thismayexplainaverysadfact:

setpointscangoup,buttheyrarelygodown.now,ifyourmotherevermentionedthatlifeisnotfair,thisisthekindofthingshewastalkingabout.（laughter）successfuldietingdoesn'tloweryoursetpoint.evenafteryou'vekepttheweightoffforaslongassevenyears,yourbrainkeepstryingtomakeyougainitback.ifthatweightlosshadbeenduetoalongfamine,thatwouldbeasensibleresponse.inourmodernworldofdrive-thruburgers,it'snotworkingoutsowellformanyofus.thatdifferencebetweenourancestralpastandourabundantpresentisthereasonthatdr.yonifreedhoffoftheuniversityofottawawouldliketotakesomeofhispatientsbacktoatimewhenfoodwaslessavailable,andit'salsothereasonthatchangingthefoodenvironmentisreallygoingtobethemosteffectivesolutiontoobesity.

　　sadly,atemporaryweightgaincanbecomepermanent.ifyoustayatahighweightfortoolong,probablyamatterofyearsformostofus,yourbrainmaydecidethatthat'sthenewnormal.

　　psychologistsclassifyeatersintotwogroups,thosewhorelyontheirhungerandthosewhotrytocontroltheireatingthroughwillpower,likemostdieters.let'scallthemintuitiveeatersandcontrolledeaters.theinterestingthingisthatintuitiveeatersarelesslikelytobeoverweight,andtheyspendlesstimethinkingaboutfood.controlledeatersaremorevulnerabletoovereatinginresponsetoadvertising,super-sizing,andtheall-you-can-eatbuffet.andasmallindulgence,likeeatingonescoopoficecream,ismorelikelytoleadtoafoodbingeincontrolledeaters.childrenareespeciallyvulnerabletothiscycleofdietingandthenbinging.

　　severallong-termstudieshaveshownthatgirlswhodietintheirearlyteenageyearsarethreetimesmorelikelytobecomeoverweightfiveyearslater,eveniftheystartedatanormalweight,andallofthesestudiesfoundthatthesamefactorsthatpredictedweightgainalsopredictedthedevelopmentofeatingdisorders.theotherfactor,bytheway,thoseofyouwhoareparents,wasbeingteasedbyfamilymembersabouttheirweight.sodon'tdothat.（laughter）

　　ileftalmostallmygraphsathome,buticouldn'tresistthrowinginjustthisone,becausei'mageek,andthat'showiroll.（laughter）thisisastudythatlookedattheriskofdeathovera14-yearperiodbasedonfourhealthyhabits:

eatingenoughfruitsandvegetables,exercisethreetimesaweek,notsmoking,anddrinkinginmoderation.let'sstartbylookingatthenormalweightpeopleinthestudy.theheightofthebarsistheriskofdeath,andthosezero,one,two,three,fournumbersonthehorizontalaxisarethenumberofthosehealthyhabitsthatagivenpersonhad.andasyou'dexpect,thehealthierthelifestyle,thelesslikelypeopleweretodieduringthestudy.nowlet'slookatwhathappensinoverweightpeople.

　　theonesthathadnohealthyhabitshadahigherriskofdeath.addingjustonehealthyhabitpullsoverweightpeoplebackintothenormalrange.forobesepeoplewithnohealthyhabits,theriskisveryhigh,seventimeshigherthanthehealthiestgroupsinthestudy.butahealthylifestylehelpsobesepeopletoo.infact,ifyoulookonlyatthegroupwithallfourhealthyhabits,youcanseethatweightmakesverylittledifference.youcantakecontrolofyourhealthbytakingcontrolofyourlifestyle,evenifyoucan'tloseweightandkeepitoff.

　　dietsdon'thaveverymuchreliability.fiveyearsafteradiet,mostpeoplehaveregainedtheweight.fortypercentofthemhavegainedevenmore.ifyouthinkaboutthis,thetypicaloutcomeofdietingisthatyou'remorelikelytogainweightinthelongrunthantoloseit.

　　ifi'veconvincedyouthatdietingmightbeaproblem,thenextquestionis,whatdoyoudoaboutit?

andmyanswer,inaword,ismindfulness.i'mnotsayingyouneedtolearntomeditateortakeupyoga.i'mtalkingaboutmindfuleating:

learningtounderstandyourbody'ssignalssothatyoueatwhenyou'rehungryandstopwhenyou'refull,becausealotofweightgainboilsdowntoeatingwhenyou'renothungry.howdoyoudoit?

giveyourselfpermissiontoeatasmuchasyouwant,andthenworkonfiguringoutwhatmakesyourbodyfeelgood.sitdowntoregularmealswithoutdistractions.thinkabouthowyourbodyfeelswhenyoustarttoeatandwhenyoustop,andletyourhungerdecidewhenyoushouldbedone.ittookaboutayearformetolearnthis,butit'sreallybeenworthit.iamsomuchmorerelaxedaroundfoodthanihaveeverbeeninmylife.ioftendon'tthinkaboutit.iforgetwehavechocolateinthehouse.it'slikealienshavetakenovermybrain.it'sjustcompletelydifferent.ishouldsaythatthisapproachtoeatingprobablywon'tmakeyouloseweightunlessyouofteneatwhenyou'renothungry,butdoctorsdon'tknowofanyapproachthatmakessignificantweightlossinalotofpeople,andthatiswhyalotofpeoplearenowfocusingonpreventingweightgaininsteadofpromotingweightloss.let'sfaceit:

ifdietsworked,we'dallbethinalready.（laughter）

　　whydowekeepdoingthesamethingandexpectingdifferentresults?

dietsmayseemharmless,buttheyactuallydoalotofcollateraldamage.atworst,theyruinlives:

weightobsessionleadstoeatingdisorders,especiallyinyoungkids.inthe,wehave80percentof10-year-oldgirlssaythey'vebeenonadiet.ourdaughtershavelearnedtomeasuretheirworthbythewrongscale.evenatitsbest,dietingisawasteoftimeandenergy.ittakeswillpowerwhichyoucouldbeusingtohelpyourkidswiththeirhomeworkortofinishthatimportantworkproject,andbecausewillpowerislimited,anystrategythatreliesonitsconsistentapplicationisprettymuchguaranteedtoeventuallyfailyouwhenyourattentionmovesontosomethingelse.

　　letmeleaveyouwithonelastthought.whatifwetoldallthosedietinggirlsthatit'sokaytoeatwhenthey'rehungry?

whatifwetaughtthemtoworkwiththeirappetiteinsteadoffearingit?

ithinkmostofthemwouldbehappierandhealthier,andasadults,manyofthemwouldprobablybethinner.iwishsomeonehadtoldmethatbackwheniw