人教版高中英语必修一重点词汇句型精编版.docx
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人教版高中英语必修一重点词汇句型精编版
U1
addsth.up把……加起来
addsth.tosth.把……加到/进……里
addupto加起来共计/达（不用于被动语态）
addto增加；增添
upsetupsetupset
sthupsetsb某事使某人心烦不安
sbupsetsth某人打翻某物
sbbeupsetaboutsth
ignore
beignorantof对···不了解，无知
outofignorance出于无知
stay/keep/becalm保持镇静
AsfarasIamconcerned就我而言
Sbbeconcernedaboutsth担心
Sbbeconcernedin/withsth涉及
Concerningsth=Regardingsth关于，某事
gothroughahardtime经历了一段困难时期
gothroughthebaggage检查行李
gothroughthenewspaper浏览报纸
gothroughlotsofmoney花了很多钱
setdowntheideasonpaper把想法写在纸上
setmedownatthebus-stop在车站让我下车
aseriesof
onpurpose=bydesign故意
byaccident=bychance偶然，碰巧
inorder（not）toinorderthat
soas（not）tosothat
atduskatdawn
powerpowerful
cometopower当前
dosthfacetoface
aface-to-facetalk
drawthecurtain放下窗帘
dust-dusty
dirt-dirty
settledown
settleinsw在某地定居
settleanargument/amatter解决争端/问题
sufferfrom因……而痛苦,患……病
sufferfromloneliness因孤独而痛苦
sufferfromabadcold得了重感冒
遭受,蒙受（痛苦、饥饿、寒冷、损失等）
sufferaheavyloss遭受严重损失
sufferpain/hunger/cold/death遭受痛苦;饥饿;寒冷;死亡
sufferern.受苦者sufferingn.痛苦,苦难
recoverfromillness
betiredof（doing）sth厌烦做某事
betiredfrom（doing）sth因做某事很累
packup
apackof一包
havetroublewithsb与某人闹别扭
havetrouble/difficulty（in）doingsth
fallinlovewithsb
begratefultosbforsth
swapAforB
Youhadtopaytogetitrepaired
Get/havesthdone
Yourfriendcomestoschoolveryupset.主语补足语
While（youwere）walkingthedog,youwerecarelessanditgotlooseandwashitbyacar.主句与从句一致，切从句含有be动词，主语和be动词可一起省略
Tellhimthatheshouldhavestudied.本该做却没做
Doyouwantafriendwhomyoucouldtelleverythingto,likeyourdeepestfeelingsandthoughts?
定语从句
HerfamilywasJewishsonearlytwenty-fivemonthsbeforetheywerediscovered.
Iwonderifit’sbecauseIhaven’tbeenabletobeoutdoorsforsolongthatI’vegrownsocrazyabouteverythingtodowithnature.不定式作后置定语
Icanwellrememberthattherewasatimewhenadeepbluesky,thesongofthebirds,moonlightandflowerscouldneverhavekeptmespellbound.定语从句
Istayedawakeonpurposeuntilhalfpasteleveninordertohaveagoodlookatthemoonbymyself.
itwasthefirsttimeinayearandahalfthatI’dseenthenightfacetoface…
Iamonlyabletolookatnaturethroughdirtycurtainshangingbeforeverydustywindows.
现在分词作后置定语
It’snopleasurelookingthroughtheseanylongerbecausenatureisonethingthatreallymustbeexperienced.定语从句
Shefounditdifficulttosettleandcalmdowninthehidingplace.It作形式宾语
Istillfindithardtomakegoodfriendswiththem.
Iwouldbegratefulifyoucouldgivemesomeadvice.
U2
重点单词和短语
becauseof
dueto
thanksto
owingto
asaresultof
onaccountof
native
adj.本地的,本国的
one’snativeland/country/language故乡；祖国；母语
anativespeakerofEnglish以英语为母语的人benativeto（动植物）原产于某地
n.本地人；当地人；原产于某地的动植物anativeofZhongXiang钟祥人
comeup:
走上前来；被提出；（太阳、月亮）升起；发生
Hecameuptomeandsaidhellotome
Yourquestioncameupatthemeeting
Thesunhascomeup
I’llletyouknowifanythingcomesup
comeupwithagoodidea:
想出一个好点子
base
vt.以……为根据：
basesth.onsth.使……以……为依据/基础
baseone’sopinionsonfacts:
意见以事实为依据bebasedon:
以……为依据
n．基础：
makeLondonthebaseforrevolutionarywork使伦敦成为革命工作的根据地
basisn.根据；基本原则
onthebasisof……在……的基础上thebasisof/foryouropinion你的看法的依据
presentv.赠送；呈现；介绍；描述
presentsth.tosb./presentsb.withsth.向某人赠送/颁发/授予/介绍某物
presentsb.tosb.else向某人介绍/引见某人
adj现在的；在场地
bepresentatthemeeting出席会议everyonepresent在场的各位
thepresentsituation目前的形式
atpresent/atthepresenttime目前；现在
forthepresent眼下；暂时
n.赠品；礼物
makeuseof利用；使用makefulluseof充分利用
makegooduseof好好利用makelittleuseof不充分利用
makethebest（use）of更好地利用；往好里做 makethemostof更好地利用
Hisprogressinstudyliesinthegoodusehemadeofhissparetime
Weshouldconsiderwhatusecanbemadeofsuchamaterial
suchas:
用于列举，往往不能把事物全部列出，可以以“名词（,）suchas+被列举的事物”和“such+名词+as+被列举的事物”形式出现
Sweetfood,suchaschocolatecanmakeyoufat
=Suchsweetfoodaschocolatecanmakeyoufat
command
V.命令；指令；掌握
commandsb.todosth.命令某人做某事
command（that）sb.（should）dosth.从句中用虚拟语气
n．命令;指令；掌握
haveagoodcommandofEnglish.精通/熟练掌握英语
requestV.请求，要求
requeststh.fromsb.向某人索要某物
requestsb.todosth.要求某人做某事
requestthatsb.（should）dosth.
It’srequestedthat从句据要求asrequested依据请求
playanimportant/vitalpart/rolein（doing）sth.在……中起重要/至关重要的作用
playtheleadingrole/part起主要作用，起带头作用，演主角
recognizevt.识别；认出
recognizesb./sb’svoice.认出某人/听出某人的声音
recognizesth./sb.tobe承认某人是……
recognizesth./sb.assth.正式认可/接受某事/人为……
recognitionn.承认，认出beyond/outofrecognition认不出来
alargenumberoffluentEnglishspeakers许多英语讲得流利的人
thenumberofpeoplelearningEnglish学习英语的人的数目
makesense有道理；有意义；讲得通
Insomeimportantwaystheyareverydifferentfromoneanother.
AtfisttheEnglishspokeninEnglandbetweenaboutAD450and1150wasverydifferentfromtheEnglishspokentoday.过去分词作后置定语
ItwasbasemoreonGermanthantheEnglishwespeakatpresent.定语从句
EnglishbecamelesslikeGermanbecausethosewhoruledEnglandspokefirstDanishandlaterFrench.定语从句
ThelattergaveaseparateidentitytoAmericanEnglishspelling.
TodaythenumberofpeoplelearningEnglishinChinaisincreasingrapidly.现在分词作后置定语
Theflyagreedimmediatelywithoutasecondthought.
Believeitornot,thereisnosuchthingasstandardEnglish.
ManypeoplebelievetheEnglishspokenonTVandtheradioisstandardEnglish.过去分词作后置定语
ThosewhoreportthenewswereexpectedtospeakexcellentEnglish.定语从句
Youwillheardifferencesinthewaypeoplespeak.掌握way作先行词的关系词
Whenpeopleusewordsandexpressionsdifferentfromthestandardlanguage.
TheUSAisalargecountryinwhichmanydifferentdialectsarespoken.
U3
prefervt.更喜欢
prefercoffeetotea.更喜欢咖啡而不是茶
preferdoingtodoing更喜欢干……而不愿干……
prefertodoratherthando宁愿干……而不愿干……
preferthatsb（should）do更宁愿某人干…
preferencen.（两者之中）较喜欢的东西；偏好；偏爱
haveapreferencefor…对……偏爱
havenoparticularpreference没有特别的偏好
persuadevt.说服；劝服、
persuadesb.todosth.=persuadesb.intodoingsth.说服某人做……
persuadesb.nottodo=persuadesb.outofdoing说服某人停止做……；劝阻某人做……
persuadesb.ofsth.或persuadesb.+that从句使某人相信
persuasiveadj.有说服力的
6、schedule:
n.时间表；进度表
aheadofschedule较预定的时间提前onschedule按照预定的时间，按时
behindschedule迟于预定的时间；拖后
vt.为……安排时间
schedulethemeetingforthatnight会议的时间定在那天晚上
bescheduledtodosth.预定做某事
10、determinevt.&vi.确定；决定；使…下定决心
determinetodo决定做某事
determinesb.todosth.使某人决定做某事
determineonearlystart
determinedadj已决定了的；坚定的；坚决的
bedeterminedtodosth决定干某事
adeterminedlook坚定的表情adeterminedman意志坚定的人
determination决定；决心withdetermination坚决地
amanofgreatdetermination意志坚定的人
atanaltitudeof=ataheightof在……高度
at表示“在……处/时；以……”
atapriceof以……的价格
ataspeed/rateof以……速度
atalengthof在……长度
atadepth/widthof在……深度，宽度
atadistanceof在……远的距离
atthecostof以……为代价
makeupone’smind下决心readone’smind看出某人心思
keepone’smindon专心于speakone’smind直言不讳
bear/keepsth.inmind记住某事
givein（tosb./sth.）（向……）屈服；让步；投降giveoff发出（蒸汽、光、热等）
giveout分发；筋疲力尽
pace.n.一步；速度；步调
keeppacewith跟……齐步前进
attitude,n.态度；看法
takeafriendlyattitudeto/towardsus.对我们采取友善的态度
holdapositive/negativeattitude持积极/消极态度
insistv.坚决要求；主张
insiston（sb’s）doingsth.坚决要求（某人）做
insiston（my）givingupsmoking坚决要求（我）戒烟
insist+从句
Heinsistedthathewasright.他坚持认为他是正确的
Heinsistedthatheshouldbesetfree.他坚决要求他被释放
view.n.视野；视力；景色；看法；观点
be/gooutofview从视野消失comeintoview进入视线
admiretheview欣赏景色
frommypointofview依我看来
taketheviewthat从句，持有……观点
V.考虑；观看viewsb.assth.把……看作
24、putupthetents.搭起帐篷putupyourhands举手
putupthepost张贴海报putuptenpeoplefornight为十人提供食宿过夜
WangWeisoongottimeinterestedincyclingtoo.
ItwasmysisterwhofirsthadtheideatocyclealongtheentireMekongRiverfromwhereitbeginstowhereitends.强调句
sheinsistedthatsheorganizethetripproperly.虚拟语气
WhenItoldhertheairwouldbehardtobreatheanditwouldbeverycold,shesaiditwouldbeaninterestingexperience.主动被动态情况
Itbecomesrapidsasitpassesthroughdeepvalleys,travelingacrosswesternYunnanProvince.现在分词作伴随状语
TheveryfirsttimethatJoesawthefilm“ET”directedbyStevenSpielberg,hemadeuphismindtobecomeadirectortoo.作连词
Alongthewaychildrendressedinlongwoolcoatsstoppedtolookatus.过去分词作后置定语
Atonepointweweresohighthatwefoundourselvescyclingthroughclouds.
Wecanhardlywaittoseethem.
U4
burst（burst,burst）vi.爆裂；爆发
burstintoaplace=breakintoaplace突然闯进burstin突然插嘴；打断
burstintotears/laughters/flames突然大哭/大笑/起火
burstoutcrying/laughing/singing突然哭起来/笑起来/唱起来
n.一阵aburstoflaughter/applause一阵笑声/掌声aburstofanger怒火的迸发
atanend结束；终结intheend最后；终于
attheend（ofsth.）在结尾处；在（……）结束的时候
bytheendofthismonth在本月末
ruinn.废墟；毁灭；遗迹be/lie/standinruins成为一片废墟
theruinsofYuanmingyuan圆明圆遗迹
v.毁灭；使破产/灭
ruinone’shealth毁坏某人健康ruinone’shope使某人希望破灭
destroy（destroyed,destroyed）vt.破坏；毁坏；消灭
destroythebuilding毁坏建筑destroy/ruinone’shope使希望破灭
destructionn.破坏；毁坏
trackn.轨道；足迹；痕迹keeptrackof记录；掌握……的线索
shock:
n.休克；打击；震惊；令人震惊的事
beagreatshock沉重的打击anelectricshock电击
Thebadnewsleftusspeechlessfromshock坏消息使我们震惊得说不出话来。
vt&vi（使）震惊；震动
beshockedby/at对……感到震惊ashockingaccident令人震惊的事故
rescue:
n&vt.援救；营救
rescuesb.from…从危险中救出arescueteam救援队
come/gotoone’srescue营救某人rescuern.营救人员
t
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