北京成人本科学位英语统一考试真题及答案.docx

北京成人本科学位英语统一考试真题及答案.docx

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北京成人本科学位英语统一考试真题及答案

北京地区成人本科学士学位英语统一考试

2013.05.11

PartIReadingComprehension（30%）

Directions:

Therearethreepassagesinthispart.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.YoushoulddecideonthebestchoiceandblackenthecorrespondingletterontheAnswerSheet.

Passage1

Questions1to5arebasedonthefollowingpassage:

Isthat6a.m.workoutgettinginthewayofgoodsleep?

Don’tthinkyourfatcells

won'tnotice.AnewstudypublishedinTheAnnalsofInternalMedicine（amedical

journal）findsthatinadequateshut-eyehasaharmfuleffectonfatcalls,reducingtheir

abilitytorespondtoinsulin（胰岛素）byabout30percent.Overthelong-term，this

decreasedresponsecouldset-thestagefortype-2diabetes（amedicalconditioninwhichsomeonehastoomuchsugarinhisorherblood）,fattyliverdiseaseandweightgain.

Thestudyaddstoagrowingbodyofevidencethatthere’s“anintimaterelationshipbetweentheamountofsleepwegetandourabilitytomaintainagood，healthybodyweight”sayssleepexpertHeleneEmsellem，directoroftheCenterforSleepandWakeDisordersinChevyChase，Maryland.（76）ButAmericansdon’tseemtobegettingthemessagethatweneedseventoninehourspernight.Morethan1in5ofus，accordingtoareportformtheCentersforDiseaseControlandPrevention，isgettingsixorfewerhoursofsleeppernight，onaverage.

SohowdidresearchersstudyfatcellsintheAnnalspaper?

MatthewBradyoftheUniversityofChicagoandagroupofcolleaguesselectedandpersuadedsevenvolunteerstotakepartintheresearchproject.Theywereallyoung，thinandhealthyandagreedtosleepforeightnightsinasleeplab.“Forfournightstheywereallowedtostayinbedfor8.5hoursanight，”saysBrady.Then，amonthlater，theycamebackforfouradditionalnights—butthistimetheywereallowedjust4.5hoursofsleeppernight.Andaftereachvisit，researchersgotasampleoftheirfat.（77）Bradyexplainsthatthefatcellsrespondedsignificantlytothelossofsleep.“Iwasverysurprisedtobehonest，”hesays.

Badthingscanhappenwhenfatcellsbecomelessresponsivetoinsulin.“Fatcellsareactuallyyourfriend，”hesays.“They’retheretostorelipids（血脂）.”Whenlipidsstayinsidethecells，yourbodycanutilizethefatwhenyou’reexercisingorsleepingorgoingaboutyourday.“However，whenfatcellsstarttobecomeinsulinresistant，thelipidsstarttoleachoutofthefatcellsandriseinthebloodstream，”Bradysays.

1.Accordingtothepassage，lackofthesleepforalongwhilecanprobablyleadtoallofthefollowingEXCEPT______.第一段最后一句

A.heartdiseaseB.weightgainC.diabetesD.liverdisease

2.Themainideaofthethirdparagraphis______.第一句

A.howtowriteamedicalresearchpaperB.howtoavoidsleeploss

C.howtheresearchwasconductedD.howtoconductamedicalexperiment

3.Whatdoestheword“leach”inthelastparagraphprobablymean?

A.LeapB.Lead.C.Lead.D.Leak.泄露

4.WhichofthefollowingisNOTTRUEaccordingtothepassage?

A.Wewillbeintroubleifourfatcellsbecomelessresponsivetoinsulin.

B.Moreandmorestudiesaredonetostudythelinkbetweensleepandweight.

C.Morethan20%ofAmericansarenetgettingenoughsleep.

D.Fatcellsaretheretohelpusmaintainagoodhealth.

5.Whichofthefollowingisanappropriatetitleforthispassage?

A.PoorSleepMayLeadtoTooMuchStoredFatandDisease

B.SleepExpertsHadExcitingFindingsinaFatStudy

C.AmericansShouldHaveMoreThanSixHoursofSleep

D.BadThingsHappenifFatCellsBecomeOurFriend

这篇短文讲睡眠的重要性，不足的睡眠会引起种种不良的后果。

76句的翻译是：

但是美国人似乎仍不明白：

我们每晚需要7至9小时的睡眠。

77句的翻译是：

布莱德解释说：

脂肪细胞对睡眠的减少会产生强烈的反应。

1至5题的答案是：

ACDDB

Passage2

Questions6to10arebasedonthefollowingpassage:

Thetopoftheworldisawonderland.Inwinter,thetemperatureoftenfallsto-30℉andthesunneverrises.Theoceanissurroundedbyfrozenground.Therearefewpeopleortrees,buttopolarbears,theArctic（北极）ishome.

（78）Polarbearshavethickfur，bigpawsandotherfeaturesthatmakethemwell

preparedforlifeintheirtoughenvironment.Infact，theyneedtheArcticseaiceforsurvival.Butclimatechangeiscausinglargerandlargerareasofsummerseaicetomelt（融化）.Expertssaythatifwarmingpatternscontinue，theArcticcouldbefreeofsummerseaiceby2050.Theymaycausetwo-thirdsoftheworld’s20,000polarbearstobegonebythentoo.

Polarbearscan’tsurviveforlongonland.Sealsaretheirmainsourceoffood.Theonlyplacewherepolarbearscanhuntsealsisontheice.（79）Althoughthesebearsarestrongswimmers,theyarenomatchforlightningswiftsealsinthewater.Apolarbearhasbrilliantlycleverstrategiestoovercomethisdisadvantage.Inwinterthebearwaitsmotionlessbesideaseal’sbreathinghole，whichisanarrowtunnelthroughtheice.Oftenmanyhourspassbeforethesealcomesupforairandthebearkillsitwithapowerfulblowofitspaw.Insummer,thepolarbearsthatliveonlandeatverylittleandwaitfortheseaicetoreturn.

Withtheseaiceforminglaterintheyearandmeltingearlier，polarbearsdonothaveenoughopportunitytohuntandeat.Lessseaicemakesitharderforthebearstocatchtheseals.Thebearsmustswimlongerdistancesbetweenicepacks（大片浮冰），andtheycan’talwaysmakeit.Theiceisalsogettingthinner.Theseconditionscancausepolar-bearcubstobecomeseparatedformtheirmothers,whoprovidethemwithfood.

StevenAmstrupisthechiefscientistofPolarBearsInternational.Thegroupaimstosavethebearsandtheirhome.“Themorepeoplewhoseepolarbearsandunderstandtheirdifficultsituation,thebetterthechancewe’llalterourwarmingpathintimetosavethem,”hesays.

6.Whichisthebesttitleforthepassage?

A.ClimateChangeintheArcticB.Howto'ProtecttheEnvironment

C.TheArcticIsHometoPolarBearsD.PolarBearsinDanger

7.Wheredopolarbearsusuallyhuntseals?

A.Onland.B.Inopenwatar.

C.Inopeningsintheseaice.D.Atthebottomofthesea.

8.Theword“cubs”inthefourthparagraphisclosestinmeaningto______.

A.adultsB.babiesC.huntersD.enemies

9.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUE?

A.Starvingpolarbearsareincreasinglycomingintovillages,wheretheymaybe

killedeitherforfoodorsafety.

B.Polarbearscanspendtheirentirelivesonlandiftheseaicemeltscompletely.

C.Two-thirdsoftheworld’spolarbearsmaydisappearby2050asglobalwarming

continues.

D.Thegrowingdistancebetweenicepacksisnotaproblemforpolarbears,becausetheyareexcellentswimmers.

10.What’sthemissionofPolarBearsInternational?

A.Savingenergy.B.Conductingscientificresearch.

C.Seekinginternationalcooperation.D.Savingpolarbearsandtheirhome.

这篇短文讲地球变暖使北极熊处境危险。

78句的翻译是：

北极熊有厚密的皮毛、宽大的脚掌以及其他特征，这些特征使他们能够适应艰苦的环境。

79句的翻译是：

尽管北极熊是游泳健将，在水中，他们也无法与快速的敏捷的海豹匹敌。

6至10题的答案是：

DCBCD

Passage3

Questions11to15arebasedonthefollowingpassage:

Imagineaschoolthatexpecteditsstudentstobecomeliterate（有读写能力的）withoutanyformalinstruction.Mostparentswouldbealarmedbysuchanapproach，whichwouldleavetheirchildrenconfusedandwithgapsintheirunderstanding.Thishoweverhasbeenthephilosophyoncharacterdevelopmentinmanyofourschools.Whyisthedevelopmentofcharacterseenassomehowdifferentfromtheotherskillsthatweteach?

Ofcoursetherewillalwaysbelearningbyosmosis（耳濡目染）inanyschool,butasateacherandprimaryschoolheadIhavefoundthatachild’smoralliteracyisstrengthenedwhentheyacquirethebuildingblocksofgoodcharactersuchasconsideration,courageandhonor:

qualitieswhicharecommonlyknownasvirtue（美德）.

Ipersonallyfindthatexploringavirtueoveratwo-weekperiodprovidesasimpleandeffectiveprogramthatallowsforthecreativeinputofbothteacherandstudentandachanceforthevirtuetoembed（使融入）itself.Oncealessononavirtuesuchashonestyhasbeencompletedweneedtoallowtimeforchildrentopracticethisconceptjustaswouldbethecasewithfractionsorverbs.Allowingchildrentoroleplayasituationsuchasmakingupexcusestocoveramistakecanbeenormouslyinteresting,andthedramacanbefrozenallowingthecharacterstobequestionedabouttheirfeelingsandmotives.（80）It'salsoasafewayforchildrentoexperienceforthemselveshowalieusuallygoesoutofcontrol.

Ourroleaseducatorsisalsotolookforopportunitiestohelpourstudentsastheyattempttostrengthentheircharacters.Whensomethinggoeswrongweguidetheyoungpersontothevirtuethatwillpreventitfromhappeningagain.Forinstance,whenastudentthoughtlesslydisturbsthecalmatmosphereofthelibrary,insteadofaresponsesuchas,”thatwasreallydisrespectfulandselfishofyou!

”wedrawoutfromthemtherequiredvirtue:

“Whenyou’rewalkingthroughthelibrary,whatvirtuesdoyouneedtouse?

”

11.Whichofthefollowingisthemainideaofthispassage?

A.Teachingmoralsandvalueshasbeenafrequentlydiscussedtopicinthepastfewyears.'

B.Theauthorandhisstaffembedvirtuesintolessonsandschoollifetoencouragecharacterdevelopmentinchildren.

C.Kidsthroughoutthepopulationfacethesameneeds,thesamechallenges,andthesamerealitiesintheirlives.

D.RoleplaysareanexcellentwayofgettingstudentstopracticetheirEnglish.

12.Wecaninferfromthefirstperagraphthat_____.

A.theretendstobedisagreementaboutwhatcharactereducationis

B.mostparentsarenotsatisfiedwiththeteachingmethodsadoptedinschools

C.theapproachtocharactereducationisgen