专八改错题及答案.docx

专八改错题及答案.docx

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专八改错题及答案

RevisedfinaldraftNovember26,2020

专八改错题及答案

2012年3月专八真题：

改错部分

　　Thecentralproblemoftranslatinghasalwaysbeenwhethertotranslateliterallyor

freely．Theargumenthasbeengoingsinceatleastthefirst

（1）______

　　centuryB.C．Uptothebeginningofthe19thcentury,manywriters　favoured

　certainkindof“free”translation:

thespirit,nottheletter;the

（2）_______

　　sensenottheword;themessagerathertheform;thematternot（3）_______

　　themanner．Thisistheoftenrevolutionarysloganofwriterswho（4）_______

wantedthetruthtobereadandunderstood．Thenintheturnofthe19th（5）____

　　century,whenthestudyofculturalanthropologysuggestedthat

　　thelinguisticbarrierswereinsuperableandthatthelanguage（6）_______

wasentirelytheproductofculture,theviewtranslationwasimpossible（7）_____

　　gainedsomecurrency,andwithitthat,ifwasattemptedatall,itmustbeas（8）__

　　literalaspossible．Thisviewculminatedthestatementofthe（9）_______

　　extreme“literalists”WalterBenjaminandVladimirNobokov.

　　Theargumentwastheoretical:

thepurposeofthetranslation,thenature

　　ofthereadership,thetypeofthetext,wasnotdiscussed．Toooften,

　　writer,translatorandreaderwereimplicitlyidentifiedwitheachother．

　　Now,thecontexthaschanged,andthebasicproblemremains．（10）_____

　　参考答案：

　　1．going后加on

　　2．certain改为acertain

　　3．rather改为not

　　4．is改为was

　　5．in改为at

　　6．去掉第二个the

　　7．view后面加that

　　8．去掉was

　　9．culminated后面加in

　　10．and改为but

2011年3月专八真题：

改错部分

Fromaveryearlyage,perhapstheageoffiveorsix,IknewthatwhenIgrewIshouldbeawriter.Betweentheagesofaboutseventeenandtwenty-four

（1）Itriedtoabandonthisidea,butIdidsowiththeconscience

（2）thatIwasoutragingmytruenatureandthatsoonorlaterIshouldhaveto（3）settledownandwritebooks.

Iwasthechildofthree,buttherewasagapoffiveyearsoneitherside（4）andIbarelysawmyfatherbeforeIwaseight.ForthisandotherreasonsIwassomewhatlonely,andIsoondevelopeddisagreeingmannerismswhich（5）mademeunpopularthroughoutmyschooldays.Ihadthelonelychild’shabitofmakingupstoriesandholdingconversationswithimaginativepersons,and（6）Ithinkfromtheverystartmyliteralambitionsweremixedupwith（7）thefeelingofbeingisolatedandundervalued.IknewthatIhadafacilitywithwordsandapoweroffacinginunpleasantfacts,andIfeltthatthiscreated（8）asortofprivateworld?

whichIcouldgetmyownbackformyfailureineverydaylife（9）Therefore,thevolumeofserious—i.e.seriouslyintended—writingwhichIproduced（10）allthroughmychildhoodandboyhoodwouldnotamounttohalfadozenpages.Iwrotemyfirstpoemattheageof

five,mymothertakingitdowntodictation.

1.grew后加up

2.conscience改成consciousness

3.soon改成sooner

4.the和child之间加middle

5.disagreeing改成disagreeable

6.imaginative改成imaginary

7.literal改成literary

8.in去掉

9.which前加in

10.Therefore,改成Nevertheless

改错题出自：

GeorgeOrwell的《WhyIWrite》的前两段

第1个错误出现在grew.解析：

grow表成长，如人和动植物的成长。

如果要表“长大”就要用短语：

growup。

2.句中conscience有如下的释义：

1.良心，良知2.良知1.良心2.第三类法庭而consciousness表示1.意识到,知道.2.意识，觉悟3.意识状态4.清醒句子的意思是：

我意识到这是在违背我的本性。

3.第三句考固定搭配：

soonerorlater迟早。

难点：

outrage违背做动词。

4.按句子意思作者排行老二家里上面和下面都有个小孩因此加上middle

5.disagreeing为disagree的ing,意思是“不同意不认同”。

改为：

disagreeable表1.不合意的;不愉快的;讨厌的2.难相处的,脾气坏的

6.imaginative改成imaginary，解析：

imaginative表示人富有想像力的;富于想像的;有创造力的。

而imaginary表示想像中的;虚构的;幻想的如：

animaginaryfriend想像中的朋友

7.literal表“文字的”改成literary指文学作者的文学的志向与野心

8.facesth.直面某个事实.不用接介词in

9.定语从句，修饰world，有介词要用在which前，不能省略

10.Therefore,改成Nevertheless句子有转折的意思，作者说他一直沉溺在自己的内心世界，然而童年时代所写的东西数目不多。

而非因此，童年所写的东西不多。

2010年3月专八真题：

改错部分

Sofaraswecantell,allhumanlanguagesareequallycompleteandperfectasinstrumentsofcommunication:

thatis,

（1）everylanguageappearstobewellequippedasanyothertosay

（2）thethingstheirspeakerswanttosay.（3）Theremayormaynotbeappropriatetotalkaboutprimitivepeoplesorcultures,butthatisanothermatter.Certainly,notallgroupsofpeopleareequallycompetentinnuclearphysicsorpsychologyorthecultivationofriceortheengravingofBenaresbrass.（4）Whereasthisisnotthefaultoftheirlanguage.

TheEskimoscan（5）speakaboutsnowwithagreatdealfurtherprecisionandsubtletythanwecaninEnglish,butthisisnotbecausetheEskimolanguage（oneofthosesometimesmiscalled'primitive'）isinherentlymorepreciseandsubtlethanEnglish.（6）ThisexampledoesnotcometolightadefectinEnglish,ashowofunexpected'primitiveness'.Thepositionissimplyandobviouslythat（7）theEskimosandtheEnglishliveinsimilarenvironments.TheEnglishlanguage（8）willbejustasrichintermsfordifferentkindsofsnow,presumably,iftheenvironments（9）inwhichEnglishwashabituallyusedmadesuchdistinctionasimportant.

Similarly,wehavenoreasontodoubtthattheEskimolanguagecouldbeaspreciseandsubtleonthesubjectofmotormanufactureorcricket（10）ifthesetopicsformedthepartoftheEskimos'life.Forobvioushistoricalreasons,Englishmeninthe19thcenturycouldnottalkaboutmotorcarswiththeminutediscriminationwhichispossibletoday:

carswerenotapartoftheirculture.Buttheyhadahostoftermsforhorse-drawnvehicleswhichsendus,puzzled,toahistoricaldictionarywhenwearereadingScottorDickens.Howmanyofuscoulddistinguishbetweenachaise,alandau,avictoria,abrougham,acoupe,agig,adiligence,awhisky,acalash,atilbury,acarriole,aphaeton,andaclarence?

1be后插入as;2their改为its;

3There改为It;4Whereas改为But

5further改为more6come改为bring;

7similar改为different;8will改为would;

9asimportant去掉as10thepart去掉the

2009年3月专八真题参考答案：

改错部分

Theprevioussectionhasshownhowquicklyarhymepassesfromoneschoolchildtothenextandillustratesthefurtherdifference

（1）betweenschoolloreandnurserylore.Innurseryloreaverse,learntinearlychildhood,isnotusuallypassedonagainwhenthelittlelistener

（2）hasgrownup,andhaschildrenoftheirown,orevengrandchildren.（3）Theperiodbetweenlearninganurseryrhymeandtransmittingitmaybesomethingfrom20to70years.（4）Withtheplaygroundlore,therefore,arhymemaybeexcitedlypassedonwithintheveryhour（5）itislearnt;and,inthegeneral,itpassesbetweenchildren（6）ofthesameage,ornearlyso,sinceitisuncommonforthedifferenceinagebetweenplaymatestobemorethanfiveyears.If,therefore,aplaygroundrhymecanbeshowntohavebeencurrentlyforahundredyears,or（7）evenjustforfifty,itfollowsthatithasbeenretransmittedoverandover,verypossiblyithaspassedalongachainoftwoorthree（8）hundredyounghearersandtellers,andthewonderisthatitremainslive（9）aftersomuchhandling,toletalonethatitbearsresemblancetothe（10）originalwording.

参考答案:

（1）illustrate改为illustrated（与前文的shown保持一致）

（2）the改为a（用不定冠词表示泛指）

（3）their改为his（代词与前文alittlelistener在单复数上保持一致）

（4）something改为anything（这里anythingfrom...to...表示大约在...之间）

（5）therefore改为however（根据上下文逻辑关系）

（6）inthegeneral去掉the（ingeneral是习惯用法）

（7）currently改为current（这里起的是表语的作用，需要形容词而不是副词）

（8）ithaspassed改为ithasbeenpassed（主动改为被动，与前文保持一致）

（9）live改为alive（活跃的，仍然存在的）（live作形容词讲为“现场直播的”意思）

（10）toletalone改为letalone（letalone为习惯搭配，意思是“更不用说”）

2008年3月专八真题参考答案：

改错部分

Thedesiretouselanguage

asasignofnationalidentityisaverynaturalone,

（1）___

andinresultlanguagehasplayedaprominentpartinnationalmoves.

（2）____

Menhaveoftenfelttheneedtocultivateagivenlanguagetoshow

thattheyaredistinctivefromanotherracewhose　（3）____

hegemonytheyresent.AtthetimetheUnitedStates　　（4）_____

splitofffromBritain,forexample,therewereproposalsthat

independenceshouldbelinguisticallyacceptedbytheuseofa　　（5）______

differentlanguagefromthoseofBritain.Therewasevenone　　（6）_____

proposalthatAmericansshouldadoptHebrew.Othersfavored

theadoptionofGreek,though,asonemanputit,thingswould

certainlybesimplerforAmericansiftheystuckontoEnglish　（7）______

andmadetheBritishlearnGreek.Attheend,aseveryone　（8）_____

knows,thetwocountriesadoptedthepracticalandsatisfactory

solutionofcarryingwiththesamelanguageasbefore.　（9）______

Sincenearlytwohundredyearsnow,theyhaveshowntheworld（10）_____

thatpoliticalindependenceandnationalidentitycanbecomplete

withoutsacrificingtheenormousmutualadvantagesofacommon

language.

参考答案:

1.one改为thing

2.result改为fact

3.distinctive改为distinct

4.atthetime后加when

5.by改为with

6.those改为that

7.on去掉

8.At改为In

9.carrying后加on

10.now改为ago

2007年3月专八真题参考答案：

改错部分

　　Fromwhathasbeensaid,itmustbeclearthatnoonecan

makeverypositivestatementsabouthowlanguageoriginated.

Thereisnomaterialinanylanguagetodayandintheearliest?

（1）and→or

recordsofancientlanguagesshowuslanguageinanewand?

（2）show→showing

emergingstate.Itisoftensaid,ofcourse,thatthelanguage?

（3）the?

originatedincriesofanger,fear,painandpleasure,andthe?

（4）and→but?

necessaryevidenceisentirelylacking:

therearenoremote　　

tribes,noancientrecords,providingevidenceof

alanguagewithalargeproportionofsuchcries　　　

　（5）large→lager

thanwefindinEnglish.Itistruethattheabsence

ofsuchevidencedoesnotdisprovethetheory,butin　

　（6）in→on?

othergroundstoothetheoryisnotveryattractive.

　　Peopleofallracesandlanguagesmakerathersimilar

noisesinreturntopainorpleasure.Thefactthat　　（7）return→response?

suchnoisesaresimilaronthelipso