计算机专业英语试题及答案.docx

计算机专业英语试题及答案.docx

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计算机专业英语试题及答案

计算机专业英语试题

Ⅰ.Vocabulary（词汇）（30分）

（一）．TranslatethefollowingwordsandexpressionsintoChinese（写出下列词组的汉语。

）（共10分，每题1分）

1．

operatingsystem

2．

requirementsanalysis

3．

networksecurity

4．

datastructure

5．

decisionsupportsystem

6．

relationaldatabase

7．

softwarecrisis

8．computervirus

9．emailattachment

10．centralprocessingunit（CPU）

（二）．FillintheblankswiththecorrespondingEnglishabbreviations.（根据汉语写出相应的英语缩写。

）（共10分，每题1分）

1．数据库管理系统2．传输控制协议

3．多文档界面4．面向对象编程

5．只读存储器6．数字视频光盘

7．计算机辅助设计8．结构化查询语言

9．通用串行总线10．企业之间的电子商务交易方式

（三）Matchthefollowingwordsandexpressionsintheleftcolumnwiththosesimilarinmeaningintherightcolumn.（将左列的词汇与右列相应的汉语匹配。

）（10分，每空1分）

1.multimedia

a.

字处理器

2.softwarelifecycle

b.

交换机

3.structuredprogramming

c.

多媒体

4.functionaltesting

d.

局域网

5.wordprocessor

e.

结构化程序设计

6.codewindows

f.

软件生命周期

7.firewall

g.

功能测试

8.LAN

h.

代码窗口

9.hacker

i.

黑客

10.switch

j.

防火墙

1．6.

2．7．

3．8.

4．9.

5．10.

（）

Ⅱ.Comprehension（阅读理解）

（一）Fillintheblankswithsuitablewordsorexpressionsfromthelistgivenbelow,andchangetheformwherenecessary.（从下面方框中选择合适的词或表达，以其适当的形式填空。

）（10分,每空2分）

SoftwareEngineering,whichmeanstheapplicationofengineeringtosoftware,isamethodtodevelop,operateand________software.Thatis,thedevelopmentofsoftwareisonasystematic,_________,quantitivebasis.Beforestartingthedevelopmentofsoftware,youhavetosystematicallyapproachtheproblem.Youhavetounderstandthe_________（whatthesoftwareissupposedtodo）,carryoutthedesign,dothe_________,carryoutarigoroustestingandifthesoftwareisaspertherequirements,releasethesoftwaretothecustomer.Subsequently,ifthecustomerwantssomechanges--refinementsorenhancementsthenthesoftwarehastobe_________.

PassageA

Thecentralprocessingunit（CPU）istheheartofthecomputersystems.Amongotherthings,itsconfigurationdetermineswhetheracomputerisfastorslowinrelationtoothercomputers.TheCPUisthemostcomplexcomputersystemcomponent,responsiblefordirectingmostofthecomputersystemactivitiesbasedontheinstructionsprovided.Asonecomputergenerationhasevolvedtothenext,thephysicalsizeoftheCPUhasoftenbecomesmallerandsmaller,whileitsspeedandcapacityhaveincreasedtremendously.Indeed,thesechangeshaveresultedinmicrocomputersthataresmallenoughtofitonyourdeskoryourlap.

TheCPUcomprisesthecontrolunitandthearithmetic/logicunit（ALU）.

Thecontrolunitisresponsiblefordirectingandcoordinatingmostofthecomputersystemsactivities.Itdeterminesthemovementofelectronicsignalsbetweenmainmemoryandthearithmetic/logicunit,aswellasthecontrolsignalsbetweentheCPUandinput/outputdevices.

TheALUperformsallthearithmeticandlogical（comparison）functions—thatis,itadds,subtracts,multiplies,divides,anddoescomparisons.Thesecomparisons,whicharebasically“lessthan”,“greaterthan”,and“equalto”,canbecombinedintoseveralcommonexpressions,suchas“greaterthanorequalto”.Theobjectiveofmostinstructionsthatusecomparisonsistodeterminewhichinstructionshouldbeexecutednext.

（二）Tellwhetherthefollowingstatementsaretrue（T）orfalse（F）accordingtothepassageA.（根据上文的内容判断下列句子的正误）（10分,每题2分）

1.Withthedevelopmentofcomputer,thephysicalsizeoftheCPUhasoftenbecomebiggerandbigger.（）

2.ThemovementofelectronicsignalsbetweenmainmemoryandtheALUaswellasthecontrolsignalbetweentheCPUandinput/outputdevicesarecontrolledbythecontrolunitoftheCPU.（）

3.TheCPUcomprisesthecontrolunitandmemory.（）

4.Thecontrolunitperformsallthearithmeticandlogical（comparison）functions

5.Thecentralprocessingunit（CPU）istheheartofthecomputersystems.（）

PassageB

Inordertosolveacomputationalproblem,itssolutionmustbespecifiedintermsofasequenceofcomputationalsteps,eachofwhichmaybeperformedbyahumanoradigitalcomputer.Ifyouwanttosolvethecomputationalproblemwithacomputer,youshouldlearnhowtoprogram.Thetaskofdevelopingprogramsforthesolutionofcomputationalproblemsisreferredtoasprogramming.Computerprogrammingistheprocessofplanningandcreatingasequenceofstepsforacomputertofollow.Ingeneral,thisprocesswillhelpusresolveaproblem,whichiseithertootediousordifficulttoworkoutotherwise.Soprogrammingisbreakingataskdownintosmallsteps.

Programmingissometimescontrastedwithcoding.Codinggenerallyreferstothewritingofprogramsforgivenprogramspecification,whileprogrammingincludesthetaskofpreparingtheprogramspecificationaswellasthatofwritingtheprogram.Thetextofaprogramissometimesreferredtoascode,andlinesofprogramtextarereferredtoaslinesofcode,especiallyinthecaseofmachine-languageprograms.Thetermcoderisusedtodescribeapersonengagedexclusivelyinimplementingprogramspecificationspreparedbyothers.

What'sactuallyinvolvedinprogramming-theactualprocessofwritingprograms?

Here'saquickoverviewoftheprocess:

·Writeaprogram.

·Compiletheprogram.

·Runtheprogram.

·Debugtheprogram.

·Repeatthewholeprocessuntiltheprogramisfinished.

（三）、choosethebestansweraccordingtothepassageB.（根据上文的内容选择正确的答案。

（10分，每题2分）

1．Ifyouwanttosolvethecomputationalproblemwithacomputer,youshouldlearnhowto.

A.calculateB.programC.addD.subtract

2.Computerprogrammingistheprocessofplanningandcreatingasequenceofforacomputertofollow.

A.stepsB.processC.linesD.graphics

3.Thetermcoderisusedtodescribe.

A.machineB.computerC.keyboardD.person

4.Inordertosolveacomputationalproblem,youcanletapersonoratodoit.

A.machineB.computerC.keyboardD.mouse

5.Whichofthefollowingisnotthestagesofprogramming?

A.Writeaprogram.

B.Debugtheprogram.

C.Printtheprogram.

D.Compiletheprogram.

PassageC

Acomputervirusisacomputerprogramthatiscreatedtomakeandspreadcopiesofitself.Theprogrammayhoweveralsobedesignedtohaveothereffectsonthesystemsitinfects,rangingfromtheannoyingtothedisastrous.

Virusattacksaregrowingrapidlythesedays.AccordingtoBusinessWeek,the76,404attacksreportedinthefirsthalfof2003nearlymatchpreviousyear'stotalnumber.Asnewantivirustoolsaremorepowerfulthanbefore,theviruswritersaregettingalotsmarterwithnewerandcreativewaystoattacknetworksystems.Let'sfirstexaminesomecommonvirustypes:

BasicVirus-apieceofsoftwarecodethatisdevelopedtoattackcomputersandnetworksystemsviaemailorInternetconnections.Itquicklyreplicatesitselfandgraduallyattachestofiles,programsortheharddrive.

TrojanHorses-Thisisaprogramthatdoesn'treplicatewhenenteringasystembutcanbeeffectivelyusedtoopen'backdoors.'TrojanHorsesallowhackerstotakecontroloveraparticularsystemortostealveryimportantdata.

Worm-thistypeofvirusisabletospreaditselfautomaticallyoverthenetworkfromonecomputertothenext.Duringawormattack,users'computersgetinfectedwithoutevenhavingtoclickopenemailattachmentoranyprogram,etc.

Sinceitisverydifficulttoavoidthevirus,yourbestdefenseisapowerfulantivirusprogram.Inordertofightwithsuchviruses,thesoftwarevendorsshouldfocusonmakingtheirproductsmorerobust.Thismayaskforatrade-offbetweenuser-friendlinessandsecurity.Inspecificcasesitmayrequireline-by-lineinspection,coderetoolingandevensystemsautomationtodefendtheinstalledprograms.

（四）、choosethebestansweraccordingtothepassageB.（根据上文的内容选择正确的答案。

10分，每题2分）

1．Acomputervirusisacomputerprogramthatiscreatedtomakeandspreadofitself.

A．programsB．virusC．copiesD．files

2．Wormspreaditselfexceptby.

A．networkB．E-mailC．programD．hardware

3．Antivirusprogramcanscanandvirus.

A．cleanB．produceC．replicateD．make

4．TrojanHorses.

A．quicklyreplicateitselfandgraduallyattachetofiles,programsortheharddrive.

B．infectthecomputerwithoutevenhavingtoclickopenemailattachmentoranyprogram.

C．allowhackerstotakecontroloveraparticularsystemortostealveryimportantdata.

D．avoidthevirustoattackcomputer.

5．AccordingtoBusinessWeek,theattacksreportedinthefirsthalfof2003nearlymatchpreviousyear'stotalnumber.

A．86,404B．76,404C．56,354D．34,876

Ⅲ.Translation.翻译（30分）

（一）TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoChinese.（将下列句子翻译成汉语。

）（共20分，每题5分）

1.Fordevelopingasoftwareproduct,thedevelopmentprocessisdividedinto5stages:

RequirementsAnalysis&Specification,Design,Coding,Testing,andMaintenance.

2.Functionaltestingtestswhethertheoutputistheexpectedresultwiththevalidinput.

3.EDIreferstotheelectronicexchangeofbusinessinformationbetweentwocompaniesusingaspecificandstructuredformatoverprivatenetworks.

4．Someapplications,suchasWord,allowforseveralwindowsinaspecialmodecalledMDIinwhichyoucanopenmultipledocumentswithinthesameapplication.

（二）TranslatethefollowingparagraphintoChinese.（将下段文章翻译成汉语。

）（共10分）

Ahigh-levellanguageisanartificiallanguagewithwhichwecanwritevariousinstructions.Thisispossiblenotbecausecomputerprocessorsarenowsotechnologicallyadvancedthattheycan‘understand’theselanguages.Youshouldtranslatefromprogramminglanguagesintomachinelanguagewhichcanbeunderstoodbythecomputerprocessors.Compilerscanaccomplishthistask.T