高中英语人教版 选修10Unit 1 阶段质量检测 A卷 学业水平达标.docx

高中英语人教版 选修10Unit 1 阶段质量检测 A卷 学业水平达标.docx

《高中英语人教版 选修10Unit 1 阶段质量检测 A卷 学业水平达标.docx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《高中英语人教版 选修10Unit 1 阶段质量检测 A卷 学业水平达标.docx（16页珍藏版）》请在冰点文库上搜索。

高中英语人教版选修10Unit1阶段质量检测A卷学业水平达标

A卷　学业水平达标

【说明】　本试卷满分120分，考试时间100分钟

Ⅰ.阅读理解（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）

A

Researchersbelievethattheinsectisbetteratmanagingcongestion（拥挤）thanhumans.AntsarethemostnumeroustypeofanimalonEarthwithbrainsthatcontainabout250,000cells—thelargestamonginsects.

NowcollectiveintelligenceexpertDr.DirkHelbingsaysunderstandingmoreaboutantscouldhelpsolveoneoftheheadachesofmodernlife—roadcongestion.

Histeamsetupan“antmotorway”withtworoutesofdifferentwidthsfromthenesttosomesugarsyrup（糖浆）.Soonthenarrowerroutebecamecongested.Butwhenanantreturningalongthecongestedroutetothenestcollidedwithanotherantjuststartingout,thereturningantpushedthenewcomerontotheotherpath.However,ifthereturninganthadenjoyedatroublefreejourneyitdidnotredirectthenewcomer.

Theresultwasthatjustbeforetheshortestroutebecamecloggedtheantswerediverted（转移）toanotherrouteandtrafficjamsneverformed.

Theresearchersalsocreatedacomputermodelofmorecomplexantnetworkswithroutesofdifferentlengths.Theteamfoundthateventhoughantsbeingreroutedsometimestookalongerroute,theystillgottothefoodquicklyandefficiently.

Dr.Helbing,oftheDresdenUniversityofTechnologyinGermany,saidthatwhileyoucannotallowcarstocollidewithvehiclescomingintheoppositedirectionasaformoftrafficcontrol,youcoulddothenextbestthingandallowthemtocommunicate.

Hisplanistoforcecarstravelinginonedirectiontotelloncomingvehicleswhattrafficconditionstheyareabouttoencounter—sotheycantakeevasive（回避的）actionifnecessary.

1．Thefirstparagraphimpliesthat________.

A．antsarecleverandgoodatdealingwithtrafficjamsbecauseofdevelopedbrainfunction

B．antshaveaspecialwaytomanagecongestion

C．insectsaresimilartoanimalsindealingwithtrafficjamsbecauseofdevelopedbrainfunction

D．insectshavemoreadvantagesthanhumans

解析：

选A　在昆虫中蚂蚁大脑的细胞最多，所以比较聪明，擅长处理交通问题。

2．Theunderlinedword“clogged”canbereplacedby________inthefollowingfourwords.

A．cleaned　　　　　　　　　B．crowded

C．narrowedD．shortened

解析：

选B　语境为：

在最近的路线变得拥堵之前，蚂蚁就转向了另外一条路线，如此，“交通堵塞”永远不会出现。

由此可知画线词为“拥挤”之意。

3．Ifanantreturnsalongthecrowdedroutetothenest,howwilltheantsolvethetrafficproblem?

A．Theantwillchangethedirectionofitsown.

B．Theantwillstopthenewcomerfrommovingaheadandforcethenewcomertowaitherepatiently.

C．Theantcan’tredirectthenewcomer.

D．Theantwillpushthenewcomertotheotherroute,sotrafficjamswon’tform.

解析：

选D　由第三段的第三句话可知答案。

4．What’stheadvicethatDr.Helbinggivesus?

A．Thecarscannotbeallowedtocommunicatewithvehiclescomingintheoppositedirection.

B．Thecarscancommunicatewithvehiclesinthesamedirection.

C．Thecarstravelinonedirectionandtelloncomingvehiclesaboutthetrafficconditions.

D．Weshouldbuildmoreroutesofdifferentlengthsandwidths.

解析：

选C　由最后一段可知答案。

B

Howcanaparenthelptofosterhealthyselfesteeminachild?

Herearesometipsthatcanmakeabigdifference：

Watchwhatyousay.Childrenareverysensitivetoparents’words.Remembertopraiseyourchildnotonlyforajobwelldone,butalsoforeffort.Butbetruthful.Forexample,ifyourchilddoesn’tmakethesoccerteam,avoidsayingsomethinglike,“Well,nexttimeyou’llworkharderandmakeit.”Instead,saysomethinglike“Wellyoudidn’tmaketheteam,butI’mreallyproudoftheeffortyouputintoit.”

Beapositiverolemodel.Ifyouareexcessivelyharsh（严酷的）onyourself,pessimistic,orunrealisticaboutyourabilitiesandlimitations.Yourchildmayeventuallymirroryou.Raiseyourownselfesteem,andyourchildwillhaveagreatrolemodel.

Identifyandredirectyourchild’sinaccuratebeliefs.It’simportantforparentstoidentifykids’irrationalbeliefsaboutthemselves,whethertheyareaboutperfection,attractiveness,ability,oranythingelse.Helpingyourchildsetmoreaccuratestandardsandbemorerealisticinevaluatinghimselforherselfwillhelpyourchildhaveamorehealthyselfconcept.Forexample,achildwhodoesverywellinschoolbutstruggleswithmathmaysay,“Ican’tdomath.I’mabadstudent.”Notonlyisthisafalsegeneralization,butit’salsoabeliefthatwillsetyourchildupforfailure.Encourageyourchildtoseethesituationinitstruelight.Ahelpfulresponsemightbe：

“Youareagoodstudent.Youdowellinschool.Mathisjustasubjectthatyouneedtospendmoretimeon.We’llworkonittogether.”

Helpyourchildbecomeinvolvedinconstructiveexperiences.Activitiesthatencouragecooperationratherthancompetitionareespeciallyhelpfulinfosteringselfesteem.Forexample,mentoring（辅导的）programsinwhichanolderchildhelpsayoungeronelearntoreadcandowondersforbothchildren.

5．Thepassagemainlygivesadviceon________.

A．howtosetupagoodparentchildrelation

B．howtoraiseyourchild’sselfesteem

C．howtomakeadifferencetoyourchild’slife

D．howtohelpyourchildsetuphealthyselfesteem

解析：

选D　主旨大意题。

综观全文，特别是从文章第一段可知，本文介绍的是应该怎样培养孩子健康的自尊心而不是提高孩子的自尊心。

因此不选B。

6．Accordingtothepassage,youcanpraiseyourchild________.

A．onlywhenhesucceeds

B．ifhehastriedhisbest

C．whetherhesucceedsorfails

D．forhiseffortinsteadofgoodoutcome

解析：

选B　细节理解题。

文章第一部分介绍表扬孩子不仅因为他做得好，还要表扬他付出的努力。

7．Inordertosetagoodrolemodel,aparentshouldbe________.

A．verystrictwithhimselforherself

B．confidentofhisorherownability

C．optimisticandrealistic

D．blindtohisorherlimitation

解析：

选C　推理判断题。

从文章第二部分判断，父母如果太严酷，太悲观以及不切实际都会对孩子造成不良影响。

8．Theunderlinedword“irrational”inpartthreeprobablymeans“________”．

A．unreasonable　　　　　　B．unclear

C．doubtfulD．practical

解析：

选A　词义猜测题。

从单词所在句后面的句子“要帮助孩子树立正确的标准，要让他/她对自己有现实的评价”可推出，单词的意思与后文表达的意思相反，因此单词的意思是“不合理的”。

C

Lifeisdifficult.

Itisagreattruthbecauseoncewetrulyunderstandandacceptit.Thenlifeisnolongerdifficult.

Mostdonotfullyseethistruth.Insteadtheycomplainabouttheirproblemsanddifficultiesasiflifeshouldbeeasy.Itseemstothemthatdifficultiesrepresentaspecialkindofsufferingespeciallyforceduponthemorelseupontheirfamilies,theirclass,oreventheirnation.

Whatmakeslifedifficultisthattheprocessoffacingandsolvingproblemsisapainfulone.Problems,dependingontheirnature,causeussadnessor,lonelinessorregretorangerorfear.

Theseareuncomfortablefeelings,oftenaspainfulasanykindofphysicalpain.Andsincelifecausesanendlessseriesofproblems,lifeisalwaysdifficultandisfullofpainaswellasjoy.

Yet,itisinthiswholeprocessofsolvingproblemsthatlifehasitsmeaning.Problemsaretheserioustestthattellsussuccessfromfailure.Whenwedesiretoencouragethegrowthofhumanspirit,weencouragethehumanabilitytosolveproblems,justasinschoolwesetproblemsforourchildrentosolve.Itisthroughthepainofmeetingandworkingoutproblemsthatwelearn.AsBenjaminFranklinsaid,“Thosethingsthathurt,instruct.”Itisforthisreasonthatwisepeoplelearnnottofearbuttowelcomethepainofproblems.

9．Fromthepassage,itcanbeinferredthat________.

A．everybodyhasproblems

B．webecomestrongerbymeetingandsolvingtheproblemsoflife

C．lifeisdifficultbecauseourproblemsbringuspain

D．peopleliketocomplainabouttheirproblems

解析：

选B　推理判断题。

文章告诉了人们这样一个道理：

生活是艰难的，但艰难的生活是有意义的。

10．Themainideaofparagraphthreeisthat________.

A．mostpeoplefeellifeiseasy

B．thewriterfeelslifeiseasy

C．thewriterlikestocomplainabouthisproblems

D．mostpeoplecomplainabouthowhardtheirlivesare

解析：

选D　主旨大意题。

从第三段的第一句和第二句话得出答案：

人们经常抱怨生活的艰辛。

11．ThesayingfromBenjaminFranklin“Thosethingsthathurt,instruct”suggestthat________.

A．wedonotlearnfromexperience

B．wedonotlearnwhenwearepain

C．painteachesusimportantlessons

D．paincannotbeavoided

解析：

选C　细节理解题。

从文中的“Itisthroughthepainofmeetingandworkingoutproblemsthatwelearn”一句话可以得出答案。

12．Whatkindoffeelingisnotcausedbyproblems?

A．Sadnessandfear.

B．Lonelinessandanger.

C．Regretandpain.

D．Otherproblemsandjoy.

解析：

选D　细节理解题。

由第四段可知，问题可以带给人们sadness，loneliness，regret，anger或fear以及pain，但却不会给人们带来快乐。

D

（新课标全国卷Ⅰ）

TheCambridgeScienceFestivalCuriosityChallenge

DaretoTaketheCuriosityChallenge!

TheCambridgeScienceFestival（CSF）ispleasedtoinformyouofthesixthannualCuriosityChallenge.Thechallengeinvites,evendaresschoolstudentsbetweentheagesof5and14tocreateartworkorapieceofwritingthatshowstheircuriosityandhowitinspiresthemtoexploretheirworld.

Studentsarebeingdaredtodrawapicture,writeanarticle,takeaphotoorwriteapoemthatshowswhattheyarecuriousabout.Toenterthechallenge,allartworkorpiecesofwritingshouldbesenttotheCambridgeScienceFestival,MITMuseum,265MassAvenue,Cambridge02139byFriday,February8th.

StudentswhoentertheCuriosityChallengeandareselectedaswinnerswillbehonoredataspecialceremonyduringtheCSFonSunday,April21st.Guestspeakerswillalsopresentprizestothestudents.Winningentrieswillbepublishedinabook.Studententrieswillbeexhibitedandprizeswillbegiven.Familiesofthosewhotakepartwillbeincludedinthecelebrationandbrunchwillbeserved.

BetweenMarch10thandMarch15th,eachwinnerwillbegiventhespecificsoftheclosingceremonyandtheCuriosityChallengecelebration.Theprogramguidelinesandotherrelatedinformationareavailableat：

http：

//cambridgesciencefestival.org.

语篇解读：

本文介绍了剑桥科学节好奇心挑战活动的相关信息。

13．WhocantakepartintheCuriosityChallenge?

A．Schoolstudents.

B．Cambridgelocals.

C．CSFwinners.

D．MITa