高三英语第二学期阅读理解专项训练单元达标专项训练学能测试.docx

高三英语第二学期阅读理解专项训练单元达标专项训练学能测试.docx

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高三英语第二学期阅读理解专项训练单元达标专项训练学能测试

高三英语第二学期阅读理解专项训练单元达标专项训练学能测试

一、高考英语阅读理解专项训练

1．阅读理解

HarvardPre-CollegeProgram

SESSIONI:

SESSIONII:

SESSIONIII:

June23—July5,

2019

July7—July19,

2019

July21—August2,

2019

   Oursummerprogramforhighschoolstudentsisdesignedtopavethewayforasuccessfulcollegeexperience.

   HEREYOUCAN:

   Learnwithoutlimits

   Pursueyourinterestsincoursesfocusingonphysics,law,writing,philosophy,andadozenothersubjects.

   LiveatHarvard

   YouwillliveinahistoricundergraduatehousenearHarvardSquare.

   Yourplancoversthreemealsaday,sevendaysaweek.

   Havefunoutsidetheclassroom

   YoumightenjoyaCirqueduSileilperformance,aRedSoxgameatFenwayPark,oratriptotheMuseumofScience.

   ELIGIBILITY（申请资格）

   Studentsareacademicallymotivatedandwillgraduatein2020or2021.

   TOAPPLY

   Completeanonlineapplicationandprovidethefollowingmaterials:

the$50nonrefundableapplicationfee;transcripts（成绩单）withfall2018grades;signedrulesandregulations.

   INTERNATIONALSTUDENTS

   ParticipantsshouldapplyfortheB-2touristvisa.IfEnglishisnotyournativelanguage,submitscoresfromtheTOEFLorIELTSlanguageproficiencyexam.

   APPLICATIONTIPS

   Nofeeisrequiredtostartyourapplication.Youwillbeaskedtopaytheapplicationfeeonlyuponsubmittingtheapplication.

   Thescoresofsuccessfulapplicantsaretypicallyabove103ontheTOEFLwith25onthewrittensectionoratleast7.5ontheIELTSwith7onthewrittensection.

   Useadesktoporlaptop.Youwillbeaskedtowriteshortessaysaspartofyourapplication.Thismaybechallengingtodoonamobilephone.

   Youwillreceiveanemailinformingyouoftheapplicationstatusapproximatelythreeweeksafteryouhavecompletedyourapplication.

（1）Harvardorganizessuchaprogramto______.

A. reducestudents'academicpressure

B. selectgoodstudentstojoininHarvard

C. makestudentsobtainhighgradesintheirstudy

D. helpstudentspreparefortheirfuturecollegelife

（2）Whatcanwelearnabouttheprogram?

A. Studentsareofferedthreemealsexceptweekends.

B. Itmerelyhastwosessionsduringonesummer.

C. Itprovidescoursesonvarioussubjectsforstudents.

D. StudentscanliveinahotelnearHarvard.

（3）Ifyouareanativestudentwhowantstoapplyfortheprogram,youneedtoprovide______.

A. aB-2touristvisa                          

B. transcriptswithyourfall2018grades

C. scoresfromtheTOEFLexam       

D. arecommendationletterfromyourhighschoolteacher

（4）Theapplicantscanlearnfromtheapplicationtipsthat______.

A. theirTOEFLorIELTSscoresshouldmeettherequirements

B. theapplicationfeeshouldbepaidbeforetheystartapplying

C. itisconvenienttouseanyelectronicproductstoapply

D. theycanchecktheapplicationstatusinaweek

【答案】

（1）D

（2）C

（3）B

（4）A

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了哈佛大学帮助学生为大学生活做准备而开设的一个暑期项目的情况。

（1）考查细节理解。

根据第一段”Oursummerprogramforhighschoolstudentsisdesignedtopavethewayforasuccessfulcollegeexperience.“我们的高中生暑期项目是为成功的大学生活铺平道路的。

）可知哈佛大学组织了这样一个项目来帮助学生为他们未来的大学生活做准备。

故选D。

（2）考查细节理解。

根据Learnwithoutlimits部分中的”Pursueyourinterestsincoursesfocusingonphysics,law,writing,philosophy,andadozenothersubjects.“在物理、法律、写作、哲学和其他十几个学科上追求你的兴趣。

可知项目为学生提供不同学科的课程。

故选C。

（3）考查细节理解。

根据TOAPPLY部分中的”Completeanonlineapplicationandprovidethefollowingmaterials:

the$50nonrefundableapplicationfee;transcripts（成绩单）withfall2018grades;signedrulesandregulations.“完成网上申请，并提供以下材料:

50美元的不可退还的申请费;2018年秋季成绩单;签署规章制度。

可知如果你是本地学生，想要申请这个项目，你需要提供2018年秋季的成绩单。

故选B。

（4）考查细节理解。

根据APPLICATIONTIPS部分中”*Thescoresofsuccessfulapplicantsaretypicallyabove103ontheTOEFLwith25onthewrittensectionoratleast7.5ontheIELTSwith7onthewrittensection.“成功申请者的托福成绩一般在103分以上，写作部分25分，雅思至少7.5分，写作部分7分。

可知申请者可以从APPLICATIONTIPS中了解到他们的托福或雅思成绩应该达到的分数要求。

故选A。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解题型的考查，是一篇介绍类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，并结合题目要求，从而选出正确答案。

2．阅读理解

   ThemayorofFlintofferedMissMichiganEmilySiomahighpraiseonTuesdayforspeakingoutatthisweekend'sMissAmericaconferenceaboutthecity'swatercrisis.

   "Iwasreallyexcitedforhertodothat,"MayorKarenWeavertoldTMZ."Ithinkshewasverybravebecausesomanytimesyousaywhoyouareandwhereyou'refromandjustgeneralinformation.Forhertotakethatopportunityanduseherplatformandusehervoicetospeakupaboutwhat'sgoingoninMichiganandinFlint,inparticular,wasjustamazing."

   EmilySioma,24,introducedherselfonstageonSundaybysaying,"Fromthestatewith84percentoftheU.S.freshwaterbutnoneforitsresidentstodrink.IamMissMichiganEmilySioma."Thebrief'speechwasareferencetoFlint,atownwithlead-filleddrinkingwater.

   WeaversaidSioma'sdecisiontospeakabouttheFlintwatercrisisdemonstratedherimpressivecharacter."Iapplaudherforbeingabraveyoungwoman.Anditalsoshowsyouthatshe'snotaselfishperson,"Weaversaid."Shecouldhavetalkedonlyaboutherself,butshechosetousethisopportunitytobringattentionto,andkeepattentionon,what'sgoingoninFlint,what'sgoingonwithwaterqualitystandardswhat'sgoingonwiththisbrokeninfrastructure（基础设施）thatwehaveacrossthecountry."

   Ratingsshowedthat4.3millionviewerswatchedtheABCprogram.AlthoughMissNewYorkNiaImaniFranklinultimatelywonthecompetition,manyTwitterusersquicklygotbehindSioma,whodidnotmakethefinal15,afterherintroduction.

    "EmilySiomawantedtomakeanimpact,"oneTwitteruserwroteonSunday.Regardlessofwhetheryouagreewithwhatshesaidornot-sheisshininglightonapressingissuethatwehaveinourstateandthatisstillnotsolved.ThatisaMissAmerica."

（1）Whatdoestheunderlinedword"watercrisis"refertoinParagraph1?

A.Watertransportation.

B.Watershortage.

C.Waterreservation.

D.Waterquality.

（2）HowdoesthemayorfindEmilySioma?

A.Curiousandcautious.

B.Braveandunselfish.

C.Proudandadmirable.

D.Talkativeandoutgoing.

（3）WhatdoestheauthorintendtodoinParagraph5?

A.Summarizethepreviousparagraphs.

B.IntroducetheABCprogram.

C.EmphasizeSioma'sinfluence.

D.Addsomebackgroundinformation.

（4）Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthepassage?

A.TheMayorofFlint

B.ATwitterVoice

C.TheABCCompetition

D.AMissAmerica

【答案】

（1）D

（2）B

（3）C

（4）D

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，Sioma在一次会议中大胆地提出了美国大城市用水质量存在的问题，Flint市的市长高度赞扬了她并认为她是一个勇敢且大公无私的人，网上的人们也表达了对此事的看法。

（1）考查词义猜测。

根据第三段中的“Fromthestatewith84percentoftheU.S.freshwaterbutnoneforitsresidentstodrink”该州拥有美国84%的淡水，但却没有可供居民饮用的水；和第四段中的“shechosetousethisopportunitytobringattentionto,andkeepattentionon,what'sgoingoninFlint,what'sgoingonwithwaterqualitystandards”她选择利用这个机会来引起人们的注意，并持续关注Flint正在发生的事情，水质标准正在发生的事情，可推知,Sioma在会议中提出了美国城市面临的水质问题,由此可知,此处画线词watercrisis应指美国城市的水质问题，与D项意思相近。

故选D。

（2）考查细节理解。

根据第四段中的“Iapplaudherforbeingabraveyoungwoman.Anditalsoshowsyouthatshe'snotaselfishperson.”我为她的勇敢喝彩。

这也表明她不是一个自私的人。

可知,市长认为EmilySioma是一个勇敢时且大公无私的人。

故选B。

（3）考查推理判断。

通读第五段可知，虽然Sioma没有获得冠军,但是有许多人都支持她。

再结合第六段中的“EmilySiomawantedtomakeanimpact,”EmilySioma想要制造影响；以及”oneTwitteruserwroteonSunday.Regardlessofwhetheryouagreewithwhatshesaidornotsheisshininglightonapressingissue"一名Twitter用户周日写道。

不管你是否同意她所说的，她正在解决一个紧迫的问题）可推知，作者写第五段主要是为了强调Sioma的影响力。

故选C。

（4）考查主旨大意。

通读全文可知,本文介绍了Sioma大胆地提出了美国大城市用水质量存在的问题,Flint市市长高度赞扬了她。

再根据最后一段中的“sheisshininglightonapressingissuethatwehaveinourstateandthatisstillnotsolved.That,isaMissAmerica.”她在我们州的一个紧迫问题上发出了希望之光，而这个问题仍然没有得到解决。

这就是美国小姐。

可知，选D。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测，推理判断和主旨大意四个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。

3．阅读理解

   Itseemsthatelectronicdevicesjustkeepgettingsmaller.ScientistsintheUnitedStateshaveannouncedthecreationofthefirsttransistorwithonlytwodimensions（二维）.

   Atransistorisasmallelectronicdevicethattransfersorcarrieselectroniccurrent.Scientistshopethesenew2Dtransistorswillbeusedforbuildinghigh-resolution（高分辨率）displaysthatneedverylittleenergy.

   Twogroupsofscientistscreatedthese2Dtransistors.Theyreportthatthetransistorsareonlyafewatomsthick.

   Usuallytransistorsaremadewiththeelementsilicon（硅）.Computerprocessors,memorychips,TVscreensandotherelectronicdevicescontainbillionsofsilicon-basedtransistors.Buttheseverysmallelectricalpartshavecertainlimitations.

   DimitrisIoannouisanelectricalengineeringprofessoratGeorgeMasonUniversity.Hesaysthetraditionaltransistorhasbeenimprovedasmuchasitcanbe.Headdsthatresearchershavebeenlookingfornewmaterialswithspecialfeaturesandtheywanttransistorstobeseenthroughandsoft.

   "Ifthelayersareverythin,thetransistorcanbecomeflexible,soitdoesn'thavetoberigid（坚硬的）,likeitwouldbeinasiliconchip.Sopeoplecanthinkofapplicationslikewearableelectronics,televisionscreensandotherthings,"saidIoannou.

   Thesenewtransistorscanalsocarryhighercurrent.Theyalsocanmovethecurrentmuchfasterthantraditionaltransistors.Thisisimportantforhigh-definitionscreens.

   DimitrisIoannousaysthescientificsuccesscouldproveveryusefulinthefuture."Now,howgoodandhowusefulitwillbe,it'sstillinthestageofresearch,butitcertainlyisanadvance,"saidIoannou.

（1）WhichofthefollowingstatementsaboutthenewlycreatedtransistorisTRUE?

A.Theyareexpectedtobeusedinhigh-resolutiondisplays.

B.Thetransistorsaremadewiththeelementsilicon.

C.Theyarerigid,justliketraditionaltransistors.

D.Th