上海中考英语核心词汇知识整合梳理及语法分类理解练习2.docx
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上海中考英语核心词汇知识整合梳理及语法分类理解练习2
C
1.carev.介意，在乎，关心
【短语】takecareof照料，照管：
I’lltakegoodcareofhim.我会好好照顾他的。
1）Theoldshouldbetakencareofinoursociety.
Theoldshouldbe__________inoursociety.lookedafter
Theoldshouldbe__________inoursociety.Caredfor
2）在护士的悉心照料下，那些生病的小孩已经好多了。
Thosesickchildrenweremuchbetterunderthecareofthenurses.
2.catch（caught,caught）v.捉，抓住：
捷足者先登。
________________________________________Theearlybirdscatchtheworm.
【短语】catchupwith赶上：
如果你想赶上他，你必须更加努力工作。
____________________________________________
Ifyouwanttocatchupwithhim,youmustworkharder.
3.chancen.机会
DoyoureallythinkIhaveanotherchance?
你真的认为我还有一次机会吗
你成功的机会很大。
_________________________________Youhaveagoodchanceofsuccess.
【短语】bychance偶然地，意外地无意中地
ImetmyclassmatebychancewhenIwaswalkingalongthestreet.（同义句转换）
I_______________myclassmatewhenIwaswalkingalongthestreet.happenedtomeet
4.changev.变换，变更，改变
Hisspeechchangesmywholelife.他的话改变了我的一生。
1）WhenBritishpeoplegoout,theyliketotakeanumbrellawiththembecauseofthe__________weather.（change）changeable
2）Ifyoudon’tlikethisshirt,youcan_____anotherone.（change）exchange
5.cheapadj.便宜的
1）Theredcameracosts1,500.Theblackcameracosts2,000.
Theblackcameracosts__________________theredone.morethan
2）Thepriceofthecomputeris5,330.Thepriceofthedigitalcamerais2,000.
Thepriceofthecomputeris_________than_________ofthedigitalcamera.higher,that
3）AnHTCis2300yuan.Aniphoneis4999yuan.
HTCismuch__________iphone.cheaperthan
6.chemistryn.化学：
Thisisthebeginningofthescienceoforganicchemistry.这是有机化学的开始。
The_________teacherisnowinthe_________lab.
A.chemistry,chemicalB.chemical,chemistry
C.chemistry,chemistryD.chemical,chemical
7.choose（chose,chosen）v.选择，挑选：
1）他被选为班长。
__________________________________________Hewaschosenasmonitor.
2）Everyoneshouldberesponsibleforhisown______.（choose）choice
8.cityn.城市：
1）Shanghaiisoneofthemostbeautiful_________intheworld.（city）cities
2）Allthe_____inShanghaishouldhelptodosomethingfortheenvironmentprotection.（city）citizens
9.cleanv.把……弄干净，擦干净adj.干净的，清洁的：
Shehelpedmecleanmydesks.她帮我把桌子擦干净了。
【短语】cleanup清除，收拾干净：
Mymotherhashelpmecleanupmyroom.妈妈已经帮我把房间收拾干净了。
1）Wasshemade_____theclassroom?
A.cleansB.cleanC.tocleanD.tocleaning
2）Allthestudentsgottogethertomakeourclassroom_____.
A.cleaningB.cleanC.tocleanD.cleaned
10.closev.关，闭closedadj.关着的
1）有点儿冷,把窗户关一下好吗？
_________________________________________________
Itisalittlecold,wouldyoupleaseclosethewindow?
2）有点儿冷,就让窗户关着吧！
__________________________________________________
Itisalittlecold,pleasekeepthewindowsclosed!
3）Howlong_________thepostoffice_________?
A.did,openB.has,beenopenC.has,openD.has,closed
11.come（came,come）v.来：
【与come有关的短语】
comein进来，进入comeon来吧
cometrue实现
comeupwith找到；提出（答案，解决办法等）
Hecameupwithanewsuggestion.他提出了一个新的建议。
12.comfortableadj.舒适的，舒服的
1）Theroomissohotthatallofusfeel_____.（comfortable）uncomfortable
2）TheTeddyBeargavemuch_____tothesehomelesschildren.（comfortable）comfort
13.complainv.抱怨，发牢骚
1）Thesupermarkethasreceivedalotof_____aboutthequalityoftheirproducts.（complain）complaints
2）GranmaWangalways_________thatherhealthispoor.（complaint）complains
3）毕业班的学生经常向他们的父母抱怨那无休无止的考试。
Thegraduatesusuallycomplaintotheirparentsabouttheendlessexaminations.
14.confidentadj.有自信的；确信的confidencen.自信
1）Theywere________ineverythingtheydid.confident
2）I’msurethatyoucanbeathimifyou’refullof________.confidence
3）________isthekeytosuccess.Confidence
15.cost（cost,cost）v.花费（金钱，时间等）
1）I’minterestedinanimals,soI_____everySaturdayworkinginananimalhospital.
A.payB.costC.takeD.spend
2）MeimeiisleavingforBeijingbyair,nomatterhowmuchit_____.
A.paysB.costsC.spendsD.takes
3）Ispenttenminutesgoingtoschool.（同义句转换）
It_____metenminutes_____gotoschool.took,to
16.crowdv.拥挤
大街上人流涌动、车水马龙。
____________________________________________
Theroadiscrowdedwithpeopleandcars.
D
1.dangern.危险：
Iwarnedhimofthedanger.我警告过他说有危险。
1）Drink-drivingis_____.Itcausesserioustrafficaccidents.Driversmustneverdoit.（danger）dangerous
2）我们都应该遵守交通法规，从而不让自己处于危险之中。
______________________________________________________________________
Weshouldobeytrafficrulesinordernottobeindanger.
3）他们竭尽全力脱离了险境。
_______________________________________________
Theytriedtheirbesttogetoutofdanger.
2.deadadj.死的：
There’sadeadcatinthehouse.房里有只死猫。
用dead的适当形式填空
1）Manypeople_________fromrecentcaraccidentsonhighways.died
2）Thecarelessnesscausedthe_________ofthedriver.death
3）Mygrandfatherhasbeen_________for5years.dead
3.dealn.（口语）协议；交易v.处理，解决
1）我们已经与一家意大利公司达成协议。
________________________________________________________
WehavemadeadealwithanItaliancompany.
2）你能告诉我怎么处理这件事吗？
________________________________________________________
Couldyoutellmehowtodealwiththeproblem?
3）Theproblemissodifficultthatnobodycandealwithit.（保持原意不变）
Theproblemis_____difficultfor_____to_____.too,anybody,solve
4.decidev.决定；决心：
Thedatehasn’tbeendecidedyet.日期还没有定好。
1）Thefamilyhasmadea_____thattheywillgotravelling.（decide）decision
2）TheydecidedtoputoffthesportsmeetinguntilnextFridaybecauseoftheheavyrain.（保持原意不变）
They____________________toputoffthesportsmeetinguntilnextFridaybecauseoftheheavyrain.madeuptheirmind
5.deepadj.深的：
Thelakeisthreemetersdeep.湖水深3米。
1）Thewellisabout________________（三米深）,howaboutthe_______（deep）ofthatone?
threemetersdeep*depth
2）Thefilmwasverymoving.Iwas_____movedbyit.（deep）deeply
6.describev.描写，叙述*descriptionn.描写，叙述：
1）你能用三句话描述他的长相吗？
_________________________________________
Canyoudescribewhathelookslikewithinthreesentences?
2）西湖的美景美得难以形容。
_________________________________________________
ThesceneryoftheWestLakeisbeautifulbeyonddescription.
7.developv.发展；研制，开发：
Hedevelopedthelittleshopintoabigstore.他把小铺子发展成一个大商店。
用develop的适当形式填空
1）Weareproudofthefast_____inourcountrytheseyears.development
2）Chinaisa_____country,whileAmericaisa_____country.developing,developed
3）Withtherapid_____,Chinaisplayinganimportantroleintheinternationalsociety.development
8.discoverv.发现，发觉
【词汇辨析】discover&invent
ColumbiadiscoveredAmericain1492.哥伦布于1492年发现了美洲。
Edisoninventedthelightbulbmanyyearsago.爱迪生在很多年之前发明了灯泡。
9.drive（drove,driven）v.驾驶
十分钟的车程tenminutes’drive
把某人逼疯drivesb.crazy
10.dropv.掉下，落下n.一滴
我的表从口袋里掉了出来。
Mywatchdroppedoutofmypocket.
E
1.eachpron.各自，各个eitherpron.（两者中的）任意一个adv.也（不）：
Eachofyouwillhaveabook.你们每个人都会有一本书。
Idon’tenjoytennis,andIdon’tmuchlikeswimming,either.我不喜欢网球，也不太喜欢游泳。
Youcanhaveeithertheappleortheorange.你可以吃苹果，也可以吃橘子。
1）______ofthestudentshasanEnglishdictionaryinourclass.
A.EveryB.EachC.BothD.Everyone
2）Therearemanynewhighriseson_____sideofHuaihaiRoad.Whatamagnificentview!
A.eitherB.neitherC.bothD.all
3）---Whenshallwegotothepark,thismorningorthisafternoon?
---_____isOK!
Iamfreethewholeday.
A.NeitherB.EitherC.BothD.None
4）_____John_____Jackmaygowithyoubecauseoneofthemmuststayathome.
A.Neither,norB.Notonly,butalsoC.Either,orD.Both,and
5）TomhasneverseenthatpictureandIhaven’tseenit,_____.
A.alsoB.tooC.eitherD.aswell
6）---Whichdoyouprefer,acupofteaorabottleofmilk.
---Idon’tlike_______,thanks.I’dlikeacupofwater.
A.eitherB.neitherC.bothD.none
7）Lindaknowshowtodoitcorrectly,too.（变为否定句）
Linda_________knowhowtodoitcorrectly,_________.doesn’t,either
2.easyadj.容易的：
It’seasytogettothatplace.到那个地方去很容易。
用easy的适当形式填空
1）Withthehelpofmyteacher,Icanworkouttheproblem________.easily
2）Withthehelpofmyteacher,Ifoundtheproblemsaremuch________thanbefore.easier
3）Ofthethreeproblems,whichonedoyouthinkseems________.easiest
3.educationn.教育，培养
用education的适当形式填空
1）Whennationsgrowricher,theircitizensbecomemore_____andhavefewerchildren.educational
2）Ourrealchallengeisto_____theentirechild.educate
4.encouragev.鼓励*encouragementn.鼓励
couragen.勇气
注：
没有couragement这个词
用encourage的适当形式填空
1）Herfirstsuccess__________hertoworkevenharder.encouraged
2）Finally,hesucceededinpassingthefinalexaminationduetothe________ofhisparentsandfriends.encouragement
3）Weshouldhavethe_____todowhatwefeeltoberight.courage
5.endn.末端，终点v.结束：
Theschoolisattheendofthestreet.学校在街角的尽头。
Whentheconcertendedwewenthome.音乐会结束后我们回家了。
【短语辨析】intheendattheendofbytheendof
1）Theproblemwasdifficultformostofus,butIdidit________________.intheend
2）Thebridgewillbebuilt________________nextyear.attheendof
3）Morethansixbridgeshadbeenbuilt________________lastyear.bytheendof
6.enjoyv.喜欢；享受……乐趣
1）她喜欢独自一人时听音乐。
Sheenjoyslisteningtomusicwhensheisalone.
2）Wehadagoodtimeattheparty.（同义句转换）
We__________attheparty.enjoyedourselves
3）OurholidaysinThailandwerereally_____andunforgettable.enjoyable
4）To
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