英文论文写作课.docx

英文论文写作课.docx

《英文论文写作课.docx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《英文论文写作课.docx（94页珍藏版）》请在冰点文库上搜索。

英文论文写作课

目录

Elementsofathesis...................................................................................1

专题毕业论文写作....................................................................................4

英美文学............................................................................................4

翻译理论与实践................................................................................9

英语语言..........................................................................................11

语言与文化......................................................................................13

英语教学法......................................................................................13

毕业论文的开题报告..............................................................................17

引文及参考文献目录格式要求..............................................................21

文献综述撰写的原则和方法..................................................................34

选题参考..................................................................................................38

文学类..............................................................................................38

翻译研究..........................................................................................41

英语语言学......................................................................................42

语言与文化......................................................................................43

英语教学法......................................................................................43

参考书目..................................................................................................45

语言学................................................................................................45

翻译.....................................................................................................49

教学.....................................................................................................50

文化.....................................................................................................52

1

Elementsofathesis

ABAthesisislikeahousebecausebothofthemhaveamacrostructure,whichhasboth

obligatoryandoptionalcomponents.Althoughdifferentuniversitiesmayhaveslightlydifferent

requirementsintermsofstructureoftheBAthesis,wewouldassumethataBAthesisusuallyhas

thefollowingelementsofstructure:

（1）Title,author,matriculationnumber,tutor,affiliation,yearofsubmission,etc.

Titlesarelikeadvertisementswherethewriterofthepapertriestosecure

“customers”throughanattractivepresentationofhis“products.”Thereaderneedsto

knowasearlyaspossibleinthereadingprocesswhetherornotthepapercontains

anythingthatisofrelevancetohisownwork.Thetitleistheearliestpointofcontact

betweenwriterandreader,andithasbeenestablishedbyBazerman（1985）that

academicsdecideonthebasisofthetitlewhetherornottoreadfurther.Thewriter,

therefore,musttrytodesignthetitleinsuchawaythatitwillattracttheattentionof

otherscientistsworkingwithinhisownnarrowspecialization.Hence,the

over-archingpragmaticaimmustbetoinform,andtoinformquickly.Ifhefailstodo

this,hisworkmaysinkintooblivion.

SwalesandFeak（1994）maintainedthatagoodresearchpapertitleshouldmeet

thefollowingrequirements:

a.Thetitleshouldindicatethetopicofthestudy.

b.Thetitleshouldthescopeofthestudy（neitheroverstatingnorunderstatingits

significance）.

c.Thetitleshouldbeself-explanatorytoreadersinchosenarea.

Insomecases,astheyadded,itmayalsobehelpfultoindicatethenatureofthe

study（experiment,casereport,survey,ect.）

（2）Abstract,oneinChinese,oneinEnglish;keywords

（3）Introduction,whichincludesbriefinformationconcerningtheresearchbackground,theaims

andobjectives,researchquestions,researchmethod,theoreticalframework,data,andthe

structureofthethesis.

（4）Literaturereviewandtheoreticalpreliminaries

（5）Researchmethod,dataanalysis

（6）Resultsanddiscussion

（7）Conclusions

（8）Notes,Appendix,References,Acknowledgements

Someoftheelementsofstructureareobligatory,whichmeansthattheymustappearinthe

thesis,whileothers,notes,appendix,acknowledgements,areoptional,thatis,theymayormay

notappearinthethesisdependingonfactorssuchasthenatureoftheresearchandthestyleof

writing.

IntermsofthelayoutandStructureofthethesis,someelementsofstructuremayappearina

singlechapterorsection,whileotherelementsmaybedealtwithindifferentchaptersorsections.

Forexample,inmanytheses,literaturereviewandtheoreticalpreliminarieseachformasingle

2

chapter.

Theabstract

Theabstractisthefirstsectionofthepaper.Itusuallycomesafterthetitleand

beforetheintroduction.Theabstractprovidesanoverviewofthestudybasedon

informationfromtheothersectionsofthepaper.Thereadercanreadtheabstractto

obtainenoughinformationaboutthestudytodecideiftheywanttoreadthewhole

paper.Becauseitcontainselementsfromthewholepaper,itisusuallywrittenlast.

Acommonwaytoclassifyabstractsisbywhethertheymerelydescribetheoverall

purposeandmethodsoftheresearchpresentedinthedocument,providingasenseof

maintopics,or,instead,informreadersofspecificdetailsoftheresearch,especially

theresultsandconclusions.

Theabstractforanyarticlewillservevariouspurposesintheinterestofthereaders:

（1）Toindicatetoreadersquicklywhetherthefullarticlewouldbeusefultoread.

（2）Tobeextracted（orabstracted）fromthefullarticleforseparatepublication.

（3）Toprovideterminologytoassistinliteraturesearchesbyindividualsorby

literatureretrievalspecialistsforindexesandcomputerbanks.

Intheprocessofwritingtheabstract,everywordshouldbeexaminedcarefullyto

seeifmorewordsthanneededarebeingusedtonarratethestoryofone’sresearch.

Alsoconsiderthefactthateditorsandreviewers,seekinginitialorientation,arelikely

tofirstreadapaper’sabstractandthatthisfirstimpressionis“perilouslyclosetoa

finaljudgmentofyourfinalmanuscript”.Ininformativeabstract,theclosestattention

mustbegiventothelanguageandthesentencesthatreporttheresearchresults,

understandablythemostimportantandprobablythedominantpartoftheabstract

becausetheyholdthenewscientificinformation.

Thegoalinwritingtheabstract,asWilkinson（1991）states,istoconveyasmuch

newinformationaspossibletoscientistsinthesameorrelateddisciplineinasfew

wordsaspossibleaccurately.

Sincetheobjectiveisthemostcontentpossibleperword,theabstractisthe

densestpartofthearticle.Therefore,authorsmustfirstreducedrasticallythepartsto

beincluded,andthentheymusteliminatewordinessandrepetition.Otherelements

involvedintheprocessofwritingabstractsalsorequireattention.Theseaspects

includecertainstructuralandtypographicalfeatures,theimportantofusingthird

person,andtheconsistentuseofpasttense.

HuangGhadessyandZhang（2004:

66-67）suggestthatthereareanumberofelementsinthe

abstractwhichareconcernedwithanswerstothefollowingquestions:

（1）Whatisthesubjectmatter/areatheresearchpaperisdealingwith?

（2）Whatbackgroundinformationisprovidedbytheauthor（s）?

（3）Whatisthepurposeofthepresentstudy?

（4）Howistheresearchtobedone?

（5）Whataresomeoftheimportantfindings?

（6）Whataresomeoftheimplicationsofthestudy?

OrderofElementsIncludedinanAbstract

（1）somebackgroundinformation,

（2）theprincipalactivity（orpurpose）ofthestudyanditsscope,

3

（3）someinformationaboutthemethodologyusedinthestudy,

（4）themostimportantresultsofthestudy,

（5）astatementofconclusionorrecommendation.

TheIntroduction

IntheIntroductionofathesis,thefollowingsectionsareusuallyexpected:

（1）rationaleforthe

research（orbackgroundtotheresearch,reason/motivationoftheresearch）,

（2）aimsand

objectives,（3）researchquestions,（4）data,（5）researchmethod,（6）theoreticalframework,（7）

structureofthethesis.

Therationalefortheresearchisconcernedwiththereason,motivation,feasibility,necessity,

appropriatenessand/orthebackgroundinformationoftheproposedresearch.Theunderlying

questionisoftenalongthelinesof:

“Whydoweundertakethepresentresearch?

”

Ontheotherhand,thesectiononstructureofthethesisoutlinesthestructureofthewhole

thesis.

StructureoftheThesis

Thethesisisdividedintofivechapters.InChapterOne,weintroducethetheoretical

backgroundofthepresentstudy,presentanoutlineoftheaimandobjectivesofthestudy,and

describethetexttobeanalyzed.InChapterTwo,wegiveageneralreviewoftherelevant

theoreticalconceptstobefollowedinthestudy,withthefocusonthenotionoftheTextual

Function,andsurveytheapplicationsoftheTextualFunctionindiscourseanalysisaswellas

itsintegrationwithtranslationstudies.InChapterThree,weexamineboththeEnglishtext

anditsChinesetranslationsfromtheTextualFunctionalperspective.InChapterFour,we

compareanddiscusstheEnglishtextanditsChinesetranslationsintermsoftheTextual

Function.Finally,inChapterFive,wesummarizethemainfindingsoft,hestudyandput

forwardsomesuggestionsforfuturestudies.

Theliteraturereview

Theliteraturereview（文献综述）inaBAthesisoranacademicpaperispartofthesecondary

research,anditspurposesinclude:

（1）toshowwhathasbeenpreviouslystudiedinthefieldand

whatcanbeimprovedormodified,

（2）tosummarizeotherpeople’swritings,（3）to