TED英语演讲稿6个月学会一门外语.docx

TED英语演讲稿6个月学会一门外语.docx

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TED英语演讲稿6个月学会一门外语

TED英语演讲稿：

6个月学会一门外语

简介：

为什么有的人学了XX年的英语还是开不了口?

而另一些人却能迅速掌握一门外语?

上世纪80年代，语言学家chrislonsdale来到中国，仅用6个月的时间他就能说出流利的普通话。

他是怎么做到的?

一起来听听他的学习方法吧!

haveyoueverheldaquestioninmindforsolongthatitbeespartofhowyouthink?

maybeevenpartofwhoyouareasaperson?

welli"vehadaquestioninmymindformany,manyyearsandthatis:

howcanyouspeeduplearning?

now,thisisaninterestingquestionbecauseifyouspeeduplearningyoucanspendlesstimeatschool.andifyoulearnreallyfast,youprobablywouldn"thavetogotoschoolatall.

now,wheniwasyoung,schoolwassortofokaybutifoundquiteoftenthatschoolgotinthewayoflearningsoihadthisquestioninmind:

howdoyoulearnfaster?

andthisbeganwheniwasvery,veryyoung,wheniwasaboutelevenyearsoldiwrotealettertoresearchersinthesovietunion,askingabouthypnopaedia,thisissleeplearning,whereyougetataperecorder,youputitbesideyourbedanditturnsoninthemiddleofthenightwhenyou"resleeping,andyou"resupposedtobelearningfromthis.

agoodidea,unfortunatelyitdoesn"twork.but,hypnopaediadidopenthedoorstoresearchinotherareasandwe"vehadincrediblediscoveriesaboutlearningthatbeganwiththatfirstquestion.iwentonfromtheretobeepassionateaboutpsychologyandihavebeeninvolvedinpsychologyinmanywaysfortherestofmylifeupuntilthispoint.in1981itookmyselftochinaandidecidedthatiwasgoingtobenativelevelinchineseinsidetwoyears.

now,youneedtounderstandthatin1981,everybodythoughtchinesewasreally,reallydifficultandthatawesternercouldstudyfortenyearsormoreandneverreallygetverygoodatit.andialsowentinwithadifferentideawhichwas:

takingalloftheconclusionsfrompsychologicalresearchuptothatpointandapplyingthemtothelearningprocess.whatwasreallycoolwasthatinsixmonthsiwasfluentinmandarinchineseandtookalittlebitlongertogetuptonative.butilookedaroundandisawallofthesepeoplefromdifferentcountriesstrugglingterriblywithchinese,isawchinesepeoplestrugglingterriblytolearnenglishandotherlanguages,andsomyquestiongotrefineddownto:

howcanyouhelpanormaladultlearnanewlanguagequickly,easilyandeffectively?

nowthisareally,reallyimportantquestionintoday"sworld.wehavemassivechallengeswithenvironmentwehavemassivechallengeswithsocialdislocation,withwars,allsortsofthingsgoingonandifwecan"tmunicatewe"rereallygoingtohavedifficultysolvingtheseproblems.soweneedtobeabletospeakeachother"slanguages,thisisreally,reallyimportant.

thequestionthenishowdoyoudothat.well,it"sactuallyreallyeasy.youlookaroundforpeoplewhocanalreadydoit,youlookforsituationswhereit"salreadyworkingandthenyouidentifytheprinciplesandapplythem.it"scalledmodellingandi"vebeenlookingatlanguagelearningandmodellinglanguagelearningforaboutfifteentotwentyyearsnow.

andmyconclusion,myobservationfromthisisthatanyadultcanlearnasecondlanguagetofluencyinsidesixmonths.nowwhenisaythis,mostpeoplethinki"mcrazy,thisisnotpossible.soletmeremindeverybodyofthehistoryofhumanprogress,it"sallaboutexpandingourlimits.

in1950everybodybelievedthatrunningonemileinfourminuteswasimpossibleandthenrogerbannisterdiditin1956andfromthereit"sgotshorterandshorter.100yearsagoeverybodybelievedthatheavystuffdoesn"tfly.exceptitdoesandweallknowthis.howdoesheavystufffly?

wereorganisethematerialsusingprinciplesthatwehavelearnedfromobservingnature,birdsinthiscase.andtodaywe"vegoneeverfurther,soyoucanflyacar.youcanbuyoneoftheseforacouplehundredthousandusdollars.wenowhavecarsintheworldthatcanfly.andthere"sadifferentwaytoflythatwe"velearnedfromsquirrels.soallyouneedtodoiscopywhataflyingsquirreldoes,buildasuitcalledawingsuitandoffyougo,youcanflylikeasquirrel.

no,mostpeople,alotofpeople,iwouldn"tsayeverybodybutalotofpeoplethinktheycan"tdraw.howevertherearesomekeyprinciples,fiveprinciplesthatyoucanapplytolearningtodrawandyoucan2actuallylearntodrawinfivedays.so,ifyoudrawlikethis,youlearntheseprinciplesforfivedaysandapplythemandafterfivedaysyoucandrawsomethinglikethis.nowiknowthisistruebecausethatwasmyfirstdrawingandafterfivedaysofapplyingtheseprinciplesthatwaswhatiwasabletodo.andilookedatthisandiwent"wow,"sothat"showilooklikewheni"mconcentratingsointenselythatmybrainisexploding.so,anybodycanlearntodrawinfivedaysandinthesameway,withthesamelogic,anybodycanlearnasecondlanguageinsixmonths.

how:

therearefiveprinciplesandsevenactions.theremaybeafewmorebuttheseareabsolutelycore.andbeforeigetintothoseijustwanttotalkabouttwomyths,dispeltwomyths.thefirstisthatyouneedtalent.letmetellyouaboutzoe.zoecamefromaustralia,wenttoholland,wastryingtolearndutch,strugglingagreatdealandfinallypeopleweresaying:

"you"repletelyuseless,""you"renottalented,""giveup,""you"reawasteoftime"andshewasvery,verydepressed.andthenshecameacrossthesefiveprinciples,shemovedtobrazilandsheappliedthemandwithinsixmonthsshewasfluentinportuguese,sotalentdoesn"tmatter.

peoplealsothinkthatimmersioninanewcountryisthewaytolearnalanguage.butlookaroundhongkong,lookatallthewesternerswho"vebeenherefortenyears,whodon"tspeakawordofchinese.lookatallthechineselivinginamerica,britain,australia,canadahavebeenthereten,twentyyearandtheydon"tspeakanyenglish.immersionpersedoesn"tnotwork,why?

becauseadrowningmancannotlearntoswim.whenyoudon"tspeakalanguageyou"relikeababyandifyoudropyourselfintoacontextwhichisalladultstalkingaboutstuffoveryourhead,youwon"tlearn.

so,whatarethefiveprinciplesthatyouneedtopayattentionto;first:

thefourwords,attention,meaning,relevanceandmemory,andtheseinterconnectinveryimportantways.especiallywhenyou"retalkingaboutlearning.ewithmeonajourneythroughaforest.yougoonawalkthroughaforestandyouseesomethinglikethis.littlemarksonatree,maybeyoupayattention,maybeyoudon"t.yougoanotherfiftymetresandyouseethis.youshouldbepayingattention.anotherfiftymetres,ifyouhaven"tbeenpayingattention,youseethis.

andatthispoint,you"repayingattention.andyou"vejustlearnedthatthisisimportant,it"srelevantbecauseitmeansthis,andanythingthatisrelated,anyinformationrelatedtoyoursurvivalisstuffthatyou"regoingtopayattentiontoandthereforeyou"regoingtorememberit.ifit"srelatedtoyourpersonalgoalsthenyou"regoingtopayattentiontoit,ifit"srelevantyou"regoingtorememberit.so,thefirstrule,thefirstprincipleforlearningalanguageisfocusonlanguagecontentthatisrelevanttoyou.whichbringsustotools.wemastertoolbyusingtoolsandwelearntoolsthefastestwhentheyarerelevanttous.

soletmeshareastory.akeyboardisatool.typingchineseacertainway,therearemethodsforthis.that"satool.ihadacolleaguemanyyearsagowhowenttonightschool;tuesdaynight,thursdaynight,twohourseachnight,practicingathome,shespentninemonths,andshedidnotlearntotypechinese.andonenightwehadacrisis.wehadfortyeighthourstodeliveratrainingmanualinchinese.andshegotthejob,andicanguaranteeyouinfortyeighthours,shelearnedtotypechinesebecauseitwasrelevant,itwasimportant,itwasmeaningful,shewasusingatooltocreatevalue.sothesecondtoolforlearningalanguageistouseyourlanguageasatooltomunicaterightfromdayone.

asakiddoes.whenifirstarrivedinchinaididn"tspeakawordofchinese,andonmysecondweekigottotakeatrainrideovernight.ispenteighthourssittinginthediningcaretalkingtooneoftheguardsonthetrain,hetookaninterestinmeforsomereason,andwejustchattedallnightinchineseandhewasdrawingpicturesandmakingmovementswithhishandsandfacialexpressionsandpiecebypiecebypieceiunderstoodmoreandmore.butwhatwasreallycool,wastwoweekslater,whenpeopleweretalkingchinesearoundme,iwasunderstandingsomeofthisandihadn"tevenmadeanyefforttolearnthat.

whathadhappened,i"dabsorbeditthatnightonthetrain,whichbringsustothethirdprinciple.whenyoufirstunderstandthemessage,thenyouwillacquirethelanguage3unconsciously.andthisisreally,reallywelldocumentednow,it"ssomethingcalledprehensibleinputandthere"stwentyorthirtyyearsofresearchonthis,stephenkrashen,aleaderinthefieldhaspublishedallsortsofthesedifferentstudiesandthisisjustfromoneofthem.thepurplebarsshowthescoresondifferenttestsforlanguage.thepurplepeoplewerepeoplewhohadlearnedbygrammarandformalstudy,thegreenonesaretheoneswholearnedbyprehensibleinput.so,prehensionworks.prehensioniskeyandlanguagelearningisnotaboutaccumulatinglotsofknowledge.inmany,manywaysit"saboutphysiologicaltraining.

awomaniknowfromtaiwandidgreatatenglishatschool,shegotagradesallthewaythrough,wentthroughcollege,agrades,wenttotheusandfoundshecouldn"tunderstandwhatpeopleweresaying.andpeoplestartedaskingher:

"areyoudeaf?

"andshewas.englishdeaf.becausewehavefiltersinourbrainthatfilternthesoundsthatwearefamiliarwithandtheyfilteroutthesoundsoflanguageswe"renot.and