语言学客观自测练习及答案 1.docx
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语言学客观自测练习及答案1
语言学客观自测练习及答案1
I.Directions:
Readeachofthefollowingstatementscarefully.DecidewhichoneofthefourchoicesbestcompletesthestatementandputtheletterA,B,CorDinthebrackets.(2%X10=20%)
1. Modernlinguisticsdiffersfromtraditionalgrammarforitismostly_________.
A.prescriptive B.descriptive C.subjective D.Latin-based
2. Alinguistregardsthechangesinlanguageandlanguageuseas________.
A.abnormal B.somethingtobefeared
C.natural D.unnatural
3. Whichofthefollowingsoundsisavoicedaffricate?
A.[dV] B.[tF] C.[z] D.[T]
4. Thereare___________morphemesintheword“disabled”?
A.one B.two C.three D.four
5. InEnglish,“dis-“iscalled________?
A.afreemorpheme B.asuffix
C.aninfix D.aprefix
6. BlackEnglishisprobablythemostwidespreadandmostfamiliar____varietyoftheEnglishlanguage.
A.regional B.ethnic
C.social D.lowerclass
7. Thepairofwords“alive”and“dead”are_____________.
A.gradableantonyms B.complementaryantonyms
C.relationalopposites D.co-hyponyms
8. ____belong(s)totheIndo-Europeanlanguagefamily.
A.English B.German
C.French D.Allofthem
9. Thesentence“Kidslikeapples”isa___________.
A. two-placepredication
B. three-placepredication
C. no-placepredication
D. one-placepredication
10. Whatistheconstructionofthesentence:
“Thebabysmiled?
”
A.subordinate B.coordinate
C.exocentric D.endocentric
II.Directions:
Fillintheblankineachofthefollowingstatementswithoneword,thefirstletterofwhichisalreadygivenasaclue.NotethatyouaretofillinOnewordonly,andyouarenotallowedtochangethelettergiven.(1%X10=10%)
11. Languageisasystemofa____________vocalsymbolsusedforhumancommunication.
12. Thelinguisticstudyofmeaninginthecontextofuseiscalledp____________.
13. Thedescriptionofalanguageasitchangesthroughtimeisad___________study.
14. AccordingtotheSwisslinguistF.deSaussure,p___________referstotherealizationoflanguageinactualuse.
15. Thethreebranchesofphoneticsarelabelleda____________phonetics,auditoryphoneticsandacousticphoneticsrespectively.
16. M___________isthesmallestmeaningfulunitoflanguage.
17. S___________isasubfieldoflinguisticsthatstudiesthesentencestructureoflanguage.
18. Theterma________isusedforoppositenessofmeaning.
19. S________isthesubdisciplineoflinguisticsthatstudieslanguageinsocialcontexts.
20. Variationinlanguageuseassociatedwiththesexofindividualspeakersiscalled g__________varieties.
III.Directions:
Judgewhethereachofthefollowingstatementsistrueorfalse.PutaTfortrueorFforfalseinthebracketsinfrontofeachstatement.Ifyouthinkastatementisfalse,youmustexplainwhyyouthinksoandgivethecorrectversion.(2%X10=20%)
21. Competenceandperformancemean,toN.Chomsky,muchthesamething.
22. Thebasicdifferencebetweenavowelandaconsonantisthatinthepronunciationoftheformeritischaracterizedbytheabsenceofobstructionoftheairstreamanditdoesnothaveaplaceofarticulationinthesamesenseasaconsonant.
23. InEnglish,nouns,verbs,prepositionsandadverbsareopenclassessincewecanregularlyaddnewwordstotheseclasses.
24. Sentencesarestringsofwordsputtogetherinarandomorder.
25. Senseandreferencearetwotermsoftenencounteredinthestudyofmeaning.Theyaretworelatedbutdifferentaspectsofmeaning.
26. “Itisraininghard”isaone-placepredicationsentence.
27. Idiolectisthestylisticvariationinaperson’sspeech,orwriting,usuallyrangesonacontinuumfromcasualorcolloquialtoformalorpolite.
28. Bilingualismdescribesasituationinwhichtwoverydifferentvarietiesoflanguageco-existinaspeechcommunity,eachwithadistinctrangeofsocialfunctionandappropriateforcertainsituations.
29. Commissive,atypeofillocutionaryspeechactsbySearle,meansbringingaboutimmediatechangesbysayingsomething.
30. Utterancemeaningisbasedonsentencemeaning;theformerisconcreteandcontext-dependentandthelatterisabstractandde-contextualized.
Referenceanswers
I.Directions:
Readeachofthefollowingstatementscarefully.DecidewhichoneofthefourchoicesbestcompletesthestatementandputtheletterA,B,CorDinthebrackets.(2%X10=20%)
1. B 2.C 3.A 4.C 5.D 6.B 7.B 8.D 9.A 10.C
II.Directions:
Fillintheblankineachofthefollowingstatementswithoneword,thefirstletterofwhichisalreadygivenasaclue.NotethatyouaretofillinOnewordonly,andyouarenotallowedtochangethelettergiven.(1%X10=10%)
11.arbitrary 12.pragmatics 13.diachronic 14.parole 15.articulatory
16.Morpheme 17.Syntax 18.Antonymy 19.Sociolinguistics 20.gender
III.Directions:
Judgewhethereachofthefollowingstatementsistrueorfalse.PutaTfortrueorFforfalseinthebracketsinfrontofeachstatement.Ifyouthinkastatementisfalse,youmustexplainwhyyouthinksoandgivethecorrectversion.(2%X10=20%)
21.F 22.T 23.F 24.F 25.T 26.F 27.F 28.F 29.F 30.T
语言学客观自测练习及答案2
发布人:
圣才学习网 发布日期:
2010-08-1610:
20 共99人浏览[大][中][小]
I.Directions:
Readeachofthefollowingstatementscarefully.DecidewhichoneofthefourchoicesbestcompletesthestatementandputtheletterA,B,CorDinthebrackets.(2%X10=20%)
1.F.deSaussureisa(n)_________linguist.
A.American B.Swiss
C.British D.Russian
2.Whichofthefollowingsoundsisavoicedbilabialstop?
A.[p] B.[m] C.[b] D.[t]
3.Ofthe“words”listedbelow,__________isnotanEnglishword.
A.[spriN] B.[lkbi]
C.[strikt] D.[5U:
ziz]
4.Theaffixeswhichmanifestvariousgrammaticalrelationsorgrammaticalcategoriessuchas“-ing,-est”arecalled__________.
A.derivationalaffixes B.freemorphemes
C.inflectionalaffixes D.roots
5.Thesentencecontainingtwoclausesjoinedbyalinkingwordiscalleda____________sentence.
A.coordinate B.simple
C.subordinate D.embedded
6.“Wordsarenamesorlabelsforthings.”Thisviewiscalled_________insemantictheory.
A.mentalism B.contextualism
C.conceptualism D.namingtheory
7.Thesemanticrelationshipbetweenflowerandroseis_______.
A.hyponyms B.hyponymy
C.co-hyponyms D.superordinate
8.Thewordssuchashandbookandhighwayare___________.
A.formedbyblending B.coinedbyback-formation
C.compoundwords D.derivations
9.X-bartheoryis__________________.
A. highlyspecificandconcrete,thereforeonlyusefultosolveconcreteproblems
B. capableofreducingtheredundanciesofindividualphrasalstructurerules
C. sohighlyabstractthatitcanexplainallthepropertiesofallphrasal categories
D. inefficientincopingwiththelanguagestructuresotherthanthoseofEnglish
10.Thewords“railway”and“railroad”are__________.
A.synonymsdifferinginemotivemeaning
B. synonymsdifferinginstyles
C.dialectalsynonyms
D.synonymsdifferinginregister
II.Directions:
Fillintheblankineachofthefollowingstatementswithoneword,thefirstletterofwhichisalreadygivenasaclue.NotethatyouaretofillinOnewordonly,andyouarenotallowedtochangethelettergiven.(1%X10=10%)
11.Apersonwhostudieslinguisticsiscalledal____________.
12.M_________isthelinguisticstudyofhowmorphemesarecombinedtoformwords.
13.Inmodernlinguistics,s__________isconsideredprimaryoverwriting.
14.Therearetwowaystoclassifyconsonants:
byplaceofarticulationandbym___________ofarticulation.
15.S_________isthelinguisticstudyofmeaninginabstraction.
16.H___________referstothephenomenonthatwordshavingdifferentmeaningshavethesameform.
17.Thestudyoflanguagewithreferencetotheworkingsofthemindiscalledp________.
18.Vowelscanbeclassifiedbythepositionofthetongue,opennessofthemouthandl_________ofthesound.
19.ThenotionoflinguisticdeterminismandlinguisticrelativismiscalledtheS_________hypothesis.
20.Ane___________isamild,indirectorlessoffensivewordorexpressionsubstitutedwhenthespeakerorwriterfearsmoredirectwordingmightbeharshorunpleasant.
III.Directions:
Judgewhethereachofthefollowingstatementsistrueorfalse.PutaTfortrueorFforfalseinthebracketsinfrontofeachstatement.Ifyouthinkastatementisfalse,youmustexplainwhyyouthinksoandgivethecorrectversion.(2%X10=20%)
21.Englishlanguageisatonelanguage.
22.Alinguistictabooreferstoawordorexpressionthatisprohibitedbythepolitesocietyfromgeneralusesuchasobscene,profaneandswearwords.
23.Chineseisthoughttobethefirstlanguagebymostlinguists.
24.Phonologyisabranchoflinguisticswhichstudiesthesentencepatternsofalanguage.
25.Idiolectisapersonaldialectofanindividualspeakerthatcombinesaspectsofalltheelementsregardingregional,socialandstylisticvariation.
26.ItisgenerallyacceptedthatthehistoryoftheEnglishlanguageisdividedintotheperiodsofoldEnglishandmodernEnglish.
27.AlocutionaryactofSpeechActTheoryistheactperformedbyorresultingfromsayingsomething.
28.Accordingtopredicationanalysis,inthesentence“Themanbeatthedog.”,theword“beat”iscalledpredicate,andthewords“man”and“dog”arecalledarg