12六级真题答案.docx
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12六级真题答案
PartIWriting
ManandComputer
“Therealdangerisnotthatthecomputerwillbegintothinklikeman,butthatmanwillbegintothinklikethecomputer.”Thissayingistryingtoalertustothedangerthatcomputertechnologyaffectsourwayofthinking.
Computershavenoreasoningskills.Theycannotshowlogicorrationalityexceptinsolvingmathematicalproblems.Theycanmakeguesses,butonlyaccordingtoformulaswehavegiventhemorwithinformationthatweprogramintothem.Ithasalreadybeenshownthatchildrenwhogrowupwithexcessivecomputerusecannotreasonaswellasthosewithrestrictedornocomputeruse.Childrenaccustomedtousingcomputershavelimitedelaborativefaculties.
Anotherfeatureofcomputersistheirlackofcreativityandflexibilityindealingwithproblems.Theycannotthink“outsidethebox”.Itistheabilityto“thinkoutsidethebox”thatmadeitpossibleforhumanstoinventthecomputerinthefirstplace.
Ifwebegintothinklikethecomputer,wewilllosewhatmakesusuniquelyhuman,andwewilllosetheabilitytocontinuedevelopingcivilization.Whatmattersnowisthatwehumanstakeadvantageofitinawiserway.
PartIIReadingComprehension（SkimmingandScanning）
1.C
2.B
3.D
4.A
5.A
6.D
7.B
8.havesomedistancefromit/theworld
9.somethinguseful
10.whatisessential
PartIIIListeningComprehension
SectionA
11.
M:
I’dliketogocampingwithyouthisweekend,butIdon’thaveasleepingbag.
W:
Noproblem.Youcancountonmetogetoneforyou.Myfamilyhastonsofcampinggear.
Q:
Whatdoesthewomanmean?
答案：
Shecanlendthemanasleepingbag.
【解析】这是一道较为简单的推理题，前提是考生需知道campinggear表示“野餐用具，露营装备”，由此可知，campinggear包括sleepingbag，即女士能借给男士一个睡袋，此题的设置稍微绕了个小弯，为考生解题设置了一定难度。
gocamping：
去野餐，去露营；sleepingbag：
睡袋。
12.
M:
IknowIpromisetodriveyoutotheairportnextThursday,butI’mafraidsomethinghascomeup.They’vecalledaspecialmeetingatwork.
W:
Nobigdeal.Karensaidshewasavailableasaback-up.
Q:
Whatdoesthewomanmean?
答案:
Karencantakehertotheairport.
【解析】此题为细节题。
从对话中可知，男士下周四临时有事不能送女士去机场了，女士回答说Karen有空。
back-up：
n.备用，备份，考生如果知道这个单词的意思，对整个对话的理解会有帮助。
13.
W:
HaveyousavedenoughmoneyforatriptoHawaii?
M:
Notevenclose.Myunclemustputthebrakesonmytravellingplans.
Q:
Whatdoesthemanmean?
答案：
Hecan’taffordtogotravelingyet.
【解析】此题为推理题。
从男士的回答“我叔叔对我的旅行计划加以限制了。
”中可推断出，这位男士还没有足够的钱去旅行。
putthebrakesonsth.表示“对……加以限制”，即使考生不知道这个短语的引申含义，但听到brake“刹车”应该也能大概判断出来答案。
14.
M:
I’mstarving.Dowestillhaveanypieleftfromthedinneryesterday?
W:
Oh,Juliainvitedherfriendsoverintheafternoonandtheyateitall.
Q:
Whatdowelearnfromtheconversation?
答案：
Themanhastofindsomethingelsetoeat.
【解析】此题为简单的推理题。
从对话中可知，女士回答说Julie下午邀请了她的朋友，他们把剩的饼都吃光了，由此可推断出这位男士不得不找别的东西吃。
starving：
adj.饥饿的。
15.
W:
Threelettersofrecommendationarerequiredtoapplytograduateschools.IwaswonderingiftheoneprofessorSmithwroteformelastyearcouldstillbeused.
M:
It’sabitdated.You’dbettersubmitarecentone.
Q:
Whatdoesthemansuggestthewomando?
答案：
Presentanewletterofreference.
【解析】此题为细节题。
只要考生抓住这位男士回答中的关键词dated和recent，就不难找出正确答案，而且，整个答句也很短，均是简单句，易于考生理解。
letterofrecommendation和letterofreference意思相似，均可表示“推荐信”。
16.
W:
I’venoticedthatyouspendalotoftimetendingyourgarden.Wouldyouliketojoinourgardeningclub?
WemeeteveryotherWednesday.
M:
Oh,thanksfortheinvitation,butthisishowIrelax.I’drathernotmakeitsomethingformalandstructured.
Q:
Whatcanweinferabouttheman?
答案：
Hedeclinestojointhegardeningclub.
【解析】此题为暗示推理题，有一定难度。
抓住问题中的关键词“infer”，这位男士暗示了什么？
从男士的回答“谢谢邀请，但这是我放松的方式，我宁愿我的花园不那么条条框框”中可推断出，这位男士间接拒绝了参加园艺俱乐部的邀请。
17.
M:
Iheardtherecentsculptureexhibitwaskindofdisappointing.
W:
That’sright.IguessalotofotherpeoplefeelthewayIdoaboutmodernart.
Q:
Whatdoesthewomanmean?
答案：
Manypeopledonotappreciatemodernart.
【解析】此题为简单的推理题。
只要考生能理解女士的回答“我猜许多其他人对现代艺术和我的感觉是一样的。
”，即可选出答案，而且答句中没有一个生难单词。
sculptureexhibit：
雕塑展。
18.
M:
Bobisrunningforchairmanofthestudentunion.Wouldyouvoteforhim?
W:
Oh,Ican’tdeciderightnowbecauseIhavetofindoutmoreabouttheothercandidates.
Q:
Whatdoesthewomanmean?
答案：
Bobcannotcountonhervote.
【解析】此题为推理题。
这位女士回答说她现在还没决定选谁，因为她还要看看其他候选人的资料和表现，由此可推断出，Bob不能依赖这位女士的选票。
runfor：
竞选；chairmanofthestudentunion：
学生会主席；votefor：
投票赞成。
ConversationOne
W:
Idon’tknowwhattodo.Ican’tseemtogetanyoneinthehospitaltolistentomycomplaintsandthisoutdatedequipmentisdangerous.Justlookatit.
M:
Hmm,uh,areyoutryingtosaythatitpresentsahealthhazard?
W:
Yes,Iam.Theheadtechnicianinthelabtriedtopersuadethehospitaladministrationtoreplaceit,buttheyaretryingtocutcosts.
M:
Youarepregnant,aren’tyou?
W:
Yes,Iam.Imadeanefforttogetmysupervisortotransfermetoanotherdepartment,butheurgedmenottocomplaintooloudly.BecausetheadministrationismorelikelytoreplacemethananX-rayequipment,I’mafraidtorefusetowork.ButI’mmoreafraidtoexposemyunbornchildtotheradiation.
M:
Iseewhatyoumean.Well,asyourunionrepresentative,Ihavetowarnyouthatitwouldtakequiteawhiletoforcemanagementtoreplacetheoldmachinesandattempttogetyoutransferredmayormaynotbesuccessful.
W:
Oh,whatamIsupposedtodothen?
M:
Workershavethelegalrighttorefusecertainunsafeworkassignmentsundertwofederallaws,theOccupationorSafetyandHealthActandtheNationalLaborRelationsAct.ButtherequirementsofeitheroftheActsmaybedifficulttomeet.
W:
DoyouthinkIhaveagoodcase?
M:
Ifyoudoloseyourjob,theunionwillfighttogetitbackforyoualongwithbackpay,yourlostincome.Butyouhavetobepreparedforalongwait,maybeaftertwoyears.
Q19.Whatdoesthewomancomplainabout?
Q20.Whathasthewomanaskedhersupervisortodo?
Q21.Whatdoesthemansayaboutthetwofederallaws?
Q22.Whatwilltheuniondoifthewomanlosesherjob?
【答案】
19.Thehealthhazardatherworkplace.
20.Transferhertoanotherdepartment.
21.Theirrequirementsmaybedifficulttomeet.
22.Trytohelphertogetitback.
点评：
本篇长对话是关于一名怀孕的员工就工作中的辐射伤害向工会投诉。
对话一开篇女士先抱怨自己工作的医院无人听她申诉有关机器已过时，会造成身体伤害的问题，因为医院想要降低成本。
然后她提到自己有向主管提出转调部门的要求，然而遭到拒绝。
主管还告诫她，医院宁愿换掉她，让他人工作，也不会更换机器。
于是工会代表告诉她转调部门确实可能不会成功。
同时要想利用目前的法案来解决这一问题，也会很难实现。
最后指出，除非她真正丢失工作，工会才能拿起法律武器帮她讨薪。
本对话考生虽然对辐射造成身体伤害的话题并不陌生，但整个对话中部分单词可能还是会造成不少听力困扰。
比如：
healthhazard（健康伤害）中的hazard；X-rayequipment（X光仪器）中的X-ray和两大法案的名称虽不难，但也容易混淆大家的视听，而误抓重点。
ConversationTwo
W:
Mr.Green,isitfairtosaythatnegotiationisanart?
M:
Well,Ithinkit’sbothanartandscience.Youcanprepareforanegotiationquitescientifically,buttheexecutionofthenegotiationhasquitealottodowithone’sartisticquality.Thescientificpartofanegotiationisindeterminingyourstrategy.Whatdoyouwantoutofit?
Whatcanyougive?
Thenofcoursetherearetactics.Howdoyougoaboutit?
Doyoutakeanopeningpositioninanegotiationwhichdiffersfromtheeventualgoalyouareheadingfor?
Andthenofcoursetherearethebehavioralaspects.
W:
Whatdoyoumeanbythebehavioralaspects?
M:
Well,that’sIthinkwheretheartcomesin.Inyourbehavior,youcaneitherbeanactor.Youcanpretendthatyoudon’tlikethingswhichyouareactuallyquitepleasedabout.Oryoucanpretendtolikethingswhichyouarequitehappytodowithout.Oryoucanbethehonesttypenegotiatorwho’sknowntohispartnersinnegotiationandalwaysplayseverythingstraight.ButtheartisticpartofnegotiationIthinkhastodowithrespondingimmediatelytocuesonegetsintheprocessofnegotiation.Thesecanbeverbalcuesorevenbodylanguage.Thisiswheretheartisticqualitycomesin.
W:
Soreally,youseetwotypesofnegotiatorthen,theactororthehonestone.
M:
That’right.Andbothcanwork.Iwouldsaythehonestnegotiatorcanbequiteeffectiveinsomecircumstances.Inothercircumstancesyouneedanactor.
Q23.Whenisascientificapproachbestembodiedinanegotiationaccordingtotheman?
Q24.Inwhatwayisanegotiatorlikeanactoraccordingtotheman?
Q25.Whatdoesthemansayaboutthetwotypesofnegotiator?
【答案】
23.Inthepreparatoryphase.
24.Hebehavesinawaycontrarytohisrealintention.
25.Bothcansucceeddependingonthespecificsituation.
【点评】
本长对话主要是关于谈判的艺术性和科学性。
谈判的科学性部分主要体现在谈判策略，而谈判的艺术性则体现在表现上。
这里可以归为两类，一是“演技派”，二是“诚实派”。
另外，谈判的艺术性还与对谈判过程中获得的口头暗示、肢体语言进行及时反应有关。
最后男士指出根据不同场合，无论是“诚实派”，或是“演技派”谈判者都能起到各自的效果。
本对话中的关键词有：
negotiation：
谈判；strategy：
策略；behavioral：
行为的。
SectionB
Passage1
Ascientificteamisstudyingthethinkingabilityofelevenandhalfmontholdchildren.Thetestisasimpleone.Thebabywatchesasortofshowonasmallstage.InActOneoftheshow,ayellowcubeisliftedfromabluebox,andmovedacrossthestage.Thenitisreturnedtothebox.Thisisrepeated6times.ActTwoissimilarexceptthattheyellowcubeissmaller.Babyboysdonotreactatalltothedifferenceandthesizeofthecube.Butgirlsimmediatelybecomeexcited.Thescientistsinterpretthegirls’excitementasmeaningtheyaretryingtounderstandwhattheyhavejustseen.TheyarewonderingwhyActTwoisoddandhowitdiffersfromActOne.Inotherwords,thelittlegirlsarereasoning.Thisexperimentcertainlydoesnotdefinitelyprovethatgirlsstarttoreasonbeforeboys,butitprovidesacluethatscientistswouldliketostudymorecarefully.Alreadyitisknownthatbones,musclesandnervesdevelopfasterinbabygirls.Perhapsitisearlynervedevelopmentthatmakessomeinfantgirlsshowmoreintelligencethaninfantboys.Scientistshavealsofoundthatnatureseemstogi
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