英语六级真题第3套.docx

英语六级真题第3套.docx

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英语六级真题第3套

　　MillionsofAmericansareenteringtheir60sandaremoreconcernedthaneveraboutretirement.Theyknowtheyneedtosave,buthowmuch?

Andwhatexactlyaretheysavingfor—tospendmoretime___36___thegrandkids,gotraveling,orstartanothercareer?

Itturnsoutthathusbandsandwivesmayhave___37___differentideasaboutthesubject.

　　Thedeepestdivideisinthewayspousesenvisagetheirlifestyleintheirlateryears.FidelityInvestmentsInc.found41percentofthe500couplesitsurveyed___38___onwhetherbothoratleastonespousewillworkinretirement.Wivesaregenerallyrightregardingtheirhusbands’retirementage,butmen___39___theagetheirwiveswillbewhentheystopworking.Andhusbandsareslightlymore___40___abouttheirstandardoflivingthanwivesare.

　　Busyjuggling（穷于应对）careersandfamilies,mostcouplesdon’ttakethetimetositdown,___41___ortogether,andthinkaboutwhattheywouldliketodo5,10or20yearsfromnow.They___42___theyareonthesamepage,butthe___43___istheyhaveavoidedeventalkingaboutit.

　　Ifyouareself-employedorinajobthatdoesn’thaveastandardretirementage,youmaybemoreapttodelaythinkingabouttheseissues.Itisoftena___44___retirementdatethatprovidesthecatalyst（催化剂）tostartplanning.Gettinglaidofforacceptinganearly-retirement___45___canforceyourhand.Butdon’twaituntilyougetaseverance（遣散费）checktobeginplanning.

　　A）assumeI）optimistic

　　B）confidentialJ）package

　　C）disagreeK）radically

　　D）formulaL）reality

　　E）forthcomingM）separately

　　F）illustratingN）spoiling

　　G）mysteriouslyO）underestimate

　　H）observe

“Deepreading”—asopposedtotheoftensuperficialreadingwedoontheWeb—isanendangeredpractice,oneweoughttotakestepstopreserveaswewouldahistoricbuildingorasignificantworkofart.Itsdisappearancewouldjeopardizetheintellectualandemotionaldevelopmentofgenerationsgrowinguponline,aswellasthepreservationofacriticalpartofourculture：

thenovels,poemsandotherkindsofliteraturethatcanbeappreciatedonlybyreaderswhosebrains,quiteliterally,havebeentrainedtounderstandthem.

　　Recentresearchincognitivescienceandpsychologyhasdemonstratedthatdeepreading—slow,immersive,richinsensorydetailandemotionalandmoralcomplexity—isadistinctiveexperience,differentinkindfromthemeredecodingofwords.Althoughdeepreadingdoesnot,strictlyspeaking,requireaconventionalbook,thebuilt-inlimitsoftheprintedpageareuniquelyhelpfultothedeepreadingexperience.Abook’slackofhyperlinks（超链接）,forexample,freesthereaderfrommakingdecisions

—ShouldIclickonthislinkornot?

—allowinghertoremainfullyimmersedinthenarrative.

　　Thatimmersionissupportedbythewaythebrainhandleslanguagerichindetail,indirectreferenceandfiguresofspeech:

bycreatingamentalrepresentationthatdrawsonthesamebrainregionsthatwouldbeactiveifthescenewereunfoldinginreallife.Theemotionalsituationsandmoraldilemmasthatarethestuffofliteraturearealsovigorousexerciseforthebrain,propellingusinsidetheheadsoffictionalcharactersandeven,studiessuggest,increasingourreal-lifecapacityforempathy（认同）.

　　Noneofthisislikelytohappenwhenwe’rebrowsingthroughawebsite.Althoughwecalltheactivitybythesamename,thedeepreadingofbooksandtheinformation-drivenreadingwedoontheWebareverydifferent,bothintheexperiencetheyproduceandinthecapacitiestheydevelop.Agrowingbodyofevidencesuggeststhatonlinereadingmaybelessengagingandlesssatisfying,evenforthe“digitalnatives”towhomitissofamiliar.Lastmonth,forexample,Britain’sNationalLiteracyTrustreleasedtheresultsofastudyof34,910youngpeopleaged8to16.Researchersreportedthat39%ofchildrenandteensreaddailyusingelectronicdevices,butonly28%readprintedmaterialseveryday.Thosewhoreadonlyonscreenwerethreetimeslesslikelytosaytheyenjoyreadingverymuchandathirdlesslikelytohaveafavoritebook.Thestudyalsofoundthatyoungpeoplewhoreaddailyonlyonscreenwerenearlytwotimeslesslikelytobeabove-averagereadersthanthosewhoreaddailyinprintorbothinprintandonscreen.

　　56.Whatdoestheauthorsayabout“deepreading”?

　　A）Itservesasacomplementtoonlinereading.

　　B）Itshouldbepreservedbeforeitistoolate.

　　C）Itismainlysuitableforreadingliterature.

　　D）Itisanindispensablepartofeducation.

　　57.Whydoestheauthoradvocatethereadingofliterature?

　　A）Ithelpspromotereaders’intellectualandemotionalgrowth.

　　B）Itenablesreaderstoappreciatethecomplexityoflanguage.

　　C）Ithelpsreadersbuildupimmersivereadinghabits.

　　D）Itisquicklybecominganendangeredpractice.

　　58.Inwhatwaydoesprinted-pagereadingdifferfromonlinereading?

　　A）Itensuresthereader’scognitivegrowth.

　　B）Itenablesthereadertobefullyengaged.

　　C）Itactivatesadifferentregionofthebrain.

　　D）Ithelpsthereaderlearnrhetoricaldevices.

　　59.Whatdothestudiesshowaboutonlinereading?

　　A）Itgraduallyimpairsone’seyesight.C）Itprovidesup-to-dateinformation.

　　B）Itkeepsarousingreaders’curiosity.D）Itrendersreadinglessenjoyable.

　　60.WhatdowelearnfromthestudyreleasedbyBritain’sNationalLiteracyTrust?

　　A）Onscreenreadersmaybelesscompetentreaders.

　　B）Thosewhodoreadinginprintarelessinformed.

　　C）Youngpeoplefindreadingonscreenmoreenjoyable.

　　D）Itisnoweasiertofindafavoritebookonlinetoread.

　　PassageTwo

　　Questions61to65arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

　　Manycurrentdiscussionsofimmigrationissuestalkaboutimmigrantsingeneral,asiftheywereabstractpeopleinanabstractworld.ButtheconcretedifferencesbetweenimmigrantsfromdifferentcountriesaffectwhethertheircominghereisgoodorbadfortheAmericanpeople.

　　TheverythoughtofformulatingimmigrationlawsfromthestandpointofwhatisbestfortheAmericanpeopleseemstohavebeenforgottenbymanywhofocusonhowtosolvetheproblemsofillegalimmigration.

　　Itishardtolookfor“theidealoutcome”onimmigrationintheabstract.EconomicsprofessorMiltonFriedmanoncesaid,“Thebestistheenemyofthegood,”whichtomemeantthatattemptstoachieveanunattainableidealcanpreventusfromreachinggoodoutcomesthatarepossibleinpractice.

　　Toomuchofourcurrentimmigrationcontroversyisconductedintermsofabstractideals,suchas“Weareanationofimmigrants.”Ofcourseweareanationofimmigrants.Butwearealsoanationofpeoplewhowearshoes.Doesitfollowthatweshouldadmitanybodywhowearsshoes?

　　Theimmigrantsoftodayareverydifferentfromthosewhoarrivedhereahundredyearsago.Moreover,thesocietyinwhichtheyarriveisdifferent.Tome,itisbettertobuildawallaroundthewelfarestatethanthecountry.

　　Butthewelfarestateisalreadyhere—and,farfromhavingawallbuiltaroundit,thewelfarestateisexpandinginalldirections.Wedonothaveachoicebetweenthewelfarestateandopenborders.Anythingwetrytodoasregardsimmigrationlawshastobedoneinthecontextofahugewelfarestatethatisalreadyamajor,inescapablefactoflife.

　　Amongotherfactsoflifeutterlyignoredbymanyadvocatesofdefactoamnesty（事实上的大赦）isthatthefreeinternationalmovementofpeopleisdifferentfromfreeinternationaltradeingoods.

　　Buyingcarsorcamerasfromothercountriesisnotthesameasadmittingpeoplefromthosecountriesoranyothercountries.Unlikeinanimateobjects,peoplehaveculturesandnotallculturesarecompatiblewiththecultureinthiscountrythathasproducedsuchbenefitsfortheAmericanpeopleforsolong.

　　NotonlytheUnitedStates,buttheWesternworldingeneral,hasbeendiscoveringthehardwaythatadmittingpeoplewithincompatibleculturesisanirreversibledecisionwithincalculableconsequences.IfwedonotseethatafterrecentterroristattacksonthestreetsofBostonandLondon,whenwillweseeit?

　　“Comprehensiveimmigrationreform”meansdoingeverythingalltogetherinarush,withouttimetolookbeforeweleap,andbasingourselvesonabstractnotionsaboutabstractpeople.

　　61.WhatdoestheauthorsayaboutimmigrantsinAmerica?

　　A）Theyallhopetogaincitizenshipandenjoythewelfare.

　　B）TheycometoAmericawithdifferentdreamsandpurposes.

　　C）TheirbackgroundmaydeterminewhethertheybenefittheAmericanpeople.

　　D）TheirculturesaffecttheextenttowhichtheywillachievesuccessinAmerica.

　　62.WhatdoestheauthortrytosaybycitingMiltonFriedman’sremark?

　　A）ItishardlypracticaltofindanidealsolutiontoAmerica’simmigrationproblem.

　　B）Idealoutcomescouldbeproducedonlybycomprehensiveimmigrationreform.

　　C）Asforimmigration,goodresultscannotbeachievedwithoutgoodintentions.

　　D）ThepropersolutionofimmigrationissuesisanidealoftheAmericanpublic.

　　63.Whatistheauthor’sviewregardingAmerica’simmigrationpolicy?

　　A）Americashouldopenitsborderstoimmigrantsfromdifferentcountries.

　　B）ImmigrantshavecontributedgreatlytothewelfareofAmericanpeople.

　　C）UnrestrictedimmigrationwillunderminetheAmericanwelfarestate.

　　D）ThereisnopointbuildingawallaroundtheAmericanwelfarestate.

　　64.Whatistheauthor’spurposeincitingtherecentterroristattacksonthestreetsofBostonandLondon?

　　A）ToshowthatAmericashouldjoinhandswithEuropeinfightingterrorists.

　　B）ToprovethatitishightimeAmericamadecomprehensiveimmigrationreforms.

　　C）Toprovethatterror