大学英语语法-之coordination.ppt
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,Coordination,Definition,Acoordinateconstructionisasequenceofsemantically-relatedgrammaticalunitsthataresimilarinform,equalinrankofstructure,identicalinfunctionandareconnectedbycoordinators.,Formationofcoordinateconstructions,
(1)coordinationofwordssinganddance;goodbutexpensive
(2)coordinationofphrasesPeteratethefruitanddrankthebeer.Youmusttakethecourseandpasstheexamination.(3)coordinationofclausesDianaplaysthepiano,andSandy(plays)theviolin.Thechildrencangowithusortheycanstayathome.,(4)compoundsentenceMaryisanurse,herbrotherisadoctor,andherparentsarebothfamouswriters.,Coordinatingdevices,1.Coordinators2.Somepunctuationmarks.,Coordinators,andboth.and;oreither.or,neither.Nor;butnot.but;notonly.butalso(=notmerely.butalso;notjust.butalso;notonly.but.aswell),BothPeterandMaryworkhard.Heisnotkindbutcruel.Hesucceededbothbecausehewasintelligentandbecauseheworkedhard.,Useof“notonlybutalsostructure”,Sheisnotonlybeautifulbut(also)kind.Sheisinterestednotonlyinmusicbut(also)inart.Notonlycanshedance,butshecan(also)sing.,Othercoordinators,aswellas.HecameheretolearnEnglishaswellastoknowmoreaboutlife.Iloveherbecausesheisintelligentaswellasbecausesheisconsiderate.,ratherthan.Heishappyratherthansad.HeratherthanIisinterestedinmusic.=Heinsteadofmeisinterestedinmusic.(HenotI,isinterestedinmusic.)Hefailedbecausehewaslazyratherthanbecausehewasnotintelligent.,Subject-verbconcord,BothheandIarehappyaboutit.EitherheorIamwrong.Neitheryounorheistoblame.NothebutIamtoberesponsibleforit.NotonlytheybutalsoJohnhaspassedtheexam.IsnotonlyhebutalsoIwrong?
Punctuationmarks,1.Comma(逗号)thedifferenceinrepeatinguseofcommasandcoordinatorsHesaidthathehadnomoney,thathehadnofriendstocounton,andthatheexpectedmetohelphim.2.Dash(破折号)Heisversatilehemastersfivedifferentlanguagesandplaysthepianoverywell.3.Colon(冒号)Hehasfinallymadehisgoalknowntous:
hewantstobeascientist.,4.Semicolon(分号)=comma+conjunction(连词)(and,so,but)conjunctiveadverbs:
accordingly,furthermore,hence,however,nevertheless,therefore,etcHeisamanofprinciple;weallrespecthim.=Heisamanofprinciple,soweallrespecthimHeisaphotographer;quiteoftenhetravelsabroadtotakepictures.=Heisaphotographer,andquiteoftenhetravelsabroadtotakepictures.,