高考英语阅读理解和短文改错选练10.docx

高考英语阅读理解和短文改错选练10.docx

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高考英语阅读理解和短文改错选练10

2020高考英语阅读理解和短文改错选练（10）

阅读下列四篇短文，从每小题后所给的A,B,C或D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

Allovertheworld,librarieshavebeguntheHerculeantaskofm

akingfaithfuldigitalcopiesofthebooks,imagesandrecordingsthatpreservetheintellectualeffortofhumankind.Forarmchairscholars,theworkpromisestobringsuchawealthofinformationtothedesktopthatthepresentInternetmayseemamateurishinretrospect.…

　　Librariansseethreeclearbenefitstogoingdigital.First,ithelpsthempreserverareandfragileobjectswithoutdenyingaccesstothosewhowishtostudythem.TheBritishLibrary,forexample,holdstheonlymedievalmanuscriptofBeowulfinLondon.OnlyqualifiedscholarswereallowedtoseeituntilKevinS.KiernanoftheUniversityofKentuckyscannedthemanuscriptwiththreedifferentlightsources（revealingdetailnotnormallyapparenttothenakedeye）andputtheimagesupontheInternetforanyonetoperuse（阅览）.Tokyo’sNationalDietLibraryissimilarlycreatinghighlydetaileddigitalphotographsof1,236woodblockprints,scrollsandothermaterialsitconsidersnationaltreasuressothatresearcherscanscrutinizethemwithouthandlingtheoriginals.

　　Asecondbenefitisconvenience.Oncebooksareconvertedtodigitalform,patronscanretrievetheminsecondsratherthanminutes.Severalpeoplecansimultaneouslyreadthesamebookorviewthesamepicture.Clerksaresparedthechoreofreshelving.AndlibrariescouldconceivablyusetheInternettolandtheirvirtualcollectionstothosewhoareunabletovisitinperson.

　　Thethirdadvantageofelectroniccopiesisthattheyoccupymillimetersofspaceonamagneticdiskratherthanmetersonashelf.Expandinglibrarybuildingsisincreasinglycostly.TheUniversityofCaliforniaatBerkeleyrecentlyspent$46milliononanundergroundadditiontohouse1.5millionbooks–anaveragecostof$30pervolume.Thepriceofdiskstorage,incontrast,hasfallentoabout$2per300-pagepublicationandcontinuestodrop.

1.　Thebesttitleforthispassagewouldbe__________.

A.ThreeBenefitsofLibrariesB.LibrariesGoingDigital

C.Space-savingE-learningD.SecurityofElectronicReading

66.　Whichparagraph（s）inthetextoffer（s）furtherexplanationofthecentralidea?

A.Paragraphs2,3and4　　　　　B.Paragraphs3and4

C.Paragraphs2and4　　　　　　D.Paragraph4

3.　WhichoneofthefollowingismentionedastheadvantagesofE-libraries？

A.Oldmanuscriptscanbemovedmoreeasily　

B.Materialscanbeexaminedwithoutbeingtouched

C.Fewerstaffwillberequiredinlibraries

D.Librarieswillbeabletomoveunderground

4.　Whatdoestheword‘scrutinize’probablymean?

A.keepforawhile　　B.reprint　　　C.restore　　　D.examinecarefully

【参考答案】1—4、BACD　　

阅读理解。

AnideathatstartedinSeattle'spubliclibraryhasspreadthroughoutAmericaandbeyond.Theconceptissimple:

helptobuildasenseofcommunityinacitybygettingeveryonetoreadthesamebookatthesametome.

Inadditiontoencouragingreadingasapursuit（追求）tobeenjoyedbyall,theprogramallowsstrangerstocommunicatebydiscussingthebookonthebus,aswellaspromotingreadingasanexperiencetobesharedinfamiliesandschools.TheideacamefromSeattlelibrarianNancyPearlwholaunched（发起）the"IfAllofSeattleReadtheSameBook"projectin1998.Heroriginalprogramusedauthorvisits,studyguidesandbookdiscussiongroupstobringpeopletogetherwithabook,buttheideahassinceexpandedtomanyotherAmericancities,andeventoHongKong.

InChicago,themayor（市长）appearedontelevisiontoannouncethechoiceofToKillaMockingbirdasthefirstbookinthe"OneBook,OneChicago"program.Asaresult,readingclubsandneighbourhoodgroupsspranguparoundthecity.AcrosstheUS,storiesemergedofparentsandchildrenreadingtoeachotheratnightandstrangerschattingawayonthebusaboutplotandcharacter.

TheonlyproblemaroseinNewYork,wherelocalreaderscouldnotdecideononebooktorepresentthehugeanddiversepopulation.Thismayshowthatth

eideaworksbestinmedium-sizedcitiesorlargetowns,whereagreatersenseofunity（一致）canbeachieved.OritmayshowthatNewYorkersrathermissedthepoint,puttingalltheirenergy

Andpassioni

ntothechoiceofthebookratherthandiscussionaboutabookitself.

UltinatelwasNancypointsout,thelevelofsuccessisnotmeasuredbyhowmanypeoplereadabook,butbyhowmanypeopleareenrichedbytheprocess.orhaveenjoyedspeakingtosomeonewithwhomtheywouldnototherwisehavesharedaword.

（）1.WhatisthepurposeoftheprojectlaunchedbyNancy?

A.Toinviteauthorstoguidereaders.

B.Toencouragepeopletoread

andshare.

C.Toinvolvep

eopleincommunityservice.

D.Topromotethefriendshipbetweencities.

（）2.WhywasitdifficultforNewYorkerstocarryouttheproject?

A.Theyhadlittleinterestinreading.

B.Theyweretoobusytoreadabook.

C.Theycamefrommanydifferentbackgrounds

D.Theylackedsupportfromthelocalgovernment

（）3.Accordingtothepassage,wherewouldtheprojectbemoreeasilycarriedout?

A.Inlargecommu

nitieswithlittlesenseofunity

B.Inlargecitieswherelibrariesarefarfromhome

C.Inmedium-sizedcitieswithadiversepopulation

D.Inlargetownswhereagreementcanbequicklyreached

（）4.Theunderlinedwords“sharedaword”inParagraph5pro

bablymean

A.exchangedideaswitheachother

B.discussedthemeaningofaword

C.gamedlifeexperience

D.usedthesamelanguage

（）5.AccordingtoNacy,thedegreeofstudentsoftheprojectisjudgedby

A.thecarefulselectionofaproperbook

B.thegrowingpopularityofthewriters

C.thenumberofpeoplewhobenefitfromreading.

D.thenumberofbooksthateachpersonreads.

【文章大意】文章鼓励人们互相分享阅读的想法，并享受分享阅读的过程。

1.B细节理解题。

定位关键词projectlaunched。

根据文章第二段的aswellaspromotingreadingasanexperiencetobesharedinfamiliesandschools.和wholaunched（发起）the"IfAllofSeattleReadtheSameBook可知答案为B。

2.C细节理解题。

根据文章第四段Theonlypro

blemaroseinNewYork,wherelocalreaderscouldnotdecideononebooktorepresentthehugeanddiversepopulation.唯一的问题也就产生了纽约,在那里,当地读者不能决定一本书代表巨大而多样化的人口。

选C。

3.D细节理解题。

根据文章第四段Thismayshowthattheideaworksbestinmedium-sizedcitiesorlargetowns,whereagreatersenseofunity（一致）canbeachieved.可知答案。

4.A词义猜测题。

从上文阅读不仅要互相分享阅读的想法，还要享受分享阅读的过程。

由otherwise可以看出sharedaword是指前者，互相分享阅读的想法。

5.C主旨大意题。

文章鼓励人们互相分享阅读的想法，并享受分享阅读的过程。

【科普知识型---阅读理解】

Theforces

thatmakeJapanoneoftheworld'smostearthquakeprone（有地震倾向的）countriescouldbecomepartofitslongtermenergysolution.

WaterfromdeepbelowthegroundatJapan'stensofthousandsofhotspringscouldbeusedtoproduceelectricity.

AlthoughJapanesehightechcompaniesareleadersingeothermal（地热的）technologyandexportit,itsuseislimitedinthenation.

“Japanshouldnodoubtmakeuseofitsresourcesofgeothermalenergy，”saidYoshiyasuTakefuji,aleadingresearcherofthermalelectricpowerproduction.

ThedisastrousearthquakeandtsunamionMarch11,2011causedareactionagainstatomicpower,whichpreviouslymadeup30percentofJapan'senergyneeds,andincreasedinterestinalternativeenergies,whichaccountforonly8percent.

ArtistYokoOnohascalledonJapantoexploreitsnaturalenergy,followingtheexampleofIcelandwhichusesrenewableenergyformorethan80perc

entofitsneeds.

Fornow,geothermalenergymakesuplessthan1percentoftheenergyneedsinJapan,whichhasfordecadesreliedheavilyonfossilfuelsandatomicpower.

Thebiggestproblemtogeothermalenergyisthehighinitialcostoftheexplorationandconstructingthefactories.AnotherproblemisthatJapan'spotentiallybestsitesarealreadybeingdevelopedfortourismorarelocatedwithinnationalparkswhereconstructionisforbidden.

“Wecan'tevendig10cminsidenationalparks，”saidShigetoYamadaofFujiElectric,addingthatregulationsprotectingnaturewouldneedtoberelaxedforgeothermalenergytogrow.

ResearcherHideakiMatsuisaid,“Produc

ingelectricitybyusinghotspringsisadecadeslongproject.Wealsohavetothinkaboutwhattodofornowasenergysupplieswilldeclineintheshortterm.”

TheEarthPolicyInstituteinWashington,theUS,believedJapancouldproduce80，000megawatts（兆瓦）andmeetmorethanhalfitselectricityneedswithgeothermaltechnology.

JapanesegiantssuchasToshibaarealreadygloballeadersingeothermaltechnology,witha70percentmarketshare.In2010,FujiElectricbuilttheworld'slargestgeothermalfactoryinNewZealand.

1．Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?

A．AlternativeenergiesinJapan

B．Theworld'slargestgeothermalplant

C．Japantakestheleadingeothermaltechnology

D．Japanthinksofgeothermalenergy

2．WhatpercentageofJapan'senergyneedsisgeothermalenergy?

A．About8%.B．Below1%.C．Around30%.D．Over80%.

3．AccordingtoShigetoYamada,thegrowthofgeothermalpowerinJapanneeds________．

A．achangeofrulesB．financialsupport

C．localpeople'shelpD．hightechnology

4．Geothermalenergyisconsideredasalongtermprogramby________．

A．YoshiyasuTakefujiB．HideakiMatsui

C．ShigetoYamadaD．YokoOno

5．Itcanbelearnedfromthelasttwoparagraphsthat________．

A．theworld'sbiggestgeothermalplantwasbuiltbyAmerica

B．Japanwillnotexportitsgeothermaltechnology

C．thepotentialofJapan'sgeothermalenergyisgreat

D．itishardtofindgeothermalenergyinJapan

【要点综述】文章主要讲述了日本正在考虑开发地热能。

因为日本是地震多发国家，国家地热能非常丰富，所以地热能将是日本的新型替代能源。

1．D　主旨大意题。

文章主要讲述了日本正在考虑开发地热能，围绕地热能的话题展开。

故选D项。

2．B　细节理解题。

从第七段“Fornow，geothermalenergymakesuplessthan1percentoftheenergyneedsinJapan，whichhasfordecadesreliedheavilyonfossilfuelsandat