英美国情重要城市 重要作家与作品.docx

英美国情重要城市 重要作家与作品.docx

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英美国情重要城市重要作家与作品

英美国情连线题

国家与主要城市作品与作家

Washington—thecapitalofAmerica

Wellington—thecapitalofNewZealand

Canberra—thecapitalofAustralia

Ottawa—thecapitalandtheforthbiggestcityofCanada

London—thecapitalofEngland

Cardiff—thecapitalandthelargestcityofWales

Edinburgh—thecapitalandthesecondbiggestcityofScotland

Belfast—thecapitalofNorthernIreland

Dublin—thecapitalofIreland

Sydney—thecapitalofNewSouthWalesinAustralia

上册Unit6BritishLiterature

1.TheCanterburyTales坎特伯雷故事集—GeoffreyChaucer乔叟（thefirstcourtpoettowriteinEnglish）

2.HistoryoftheKingsofBritain—GeoffreyofMonmouth’s

3.DeathofArthur—ThomasMalory

4.TheTragicalHistoryofDrFaustus—Marlowe马洛

5.WilliamShakespeare威廉·莎士比亚

Thetragedies悲剧—RomeoandJuliet罗密欧与朱丽叶,Hamlet哈姆雷特,Othello奥赛罗,KingLear李尔王,Macbeth麦克白.

Thecomedies喜剧—TheTamingoftheShrew无事生非,AMidsummerNight’sDream仲夏夜之梦,TwelfthNight第十二夜,TheTempest暴风雨.

Historyplays历史剧—RichardIII查理三世,RichardII,HenryIV亨利四世,HenryV,JuliusCaesar凯撒大帝,AntonyandCleopatra安东尼与克娄巴特拉.

6.FrancisBacon

TheNovcumOrganum,TheNewAtlantis

7.JohnMilton弥尔顿

Areopagitica,theepicParadiseLost失乐园,itssequel,ParadiseRegained复乐园,thepoetictragedySamsonAgonistes力士参孙.

8.Gulliver’sTravels—JonathanSwift

9.DanielDefoe笛福

MollFlanders,RobinsonCrusoe鲁滨逊漂流记

10.RobertBurns彭斯

Poemsare“HolyWillie’sPrayer”圣威利的祈祷,“ToaMouse,”致小鼠and“ToaLouse.”致虱子Songsare“Comin’sthro’theRye”穿过麦田and“AuldLangSyne”友谊天长地久

11.LyricalBallads抒情歌谣集writtenbyWilliamWordsworthandSamuelTaylorColeridge.

WilliamWordsworth威廉·华兹华斯:

ThelongautobiographicalpoemThePrelude序曲,shorterpoemsas“MyHeartLeapsupWhenIBehold”and“IWanderedLonelyasaCloud”

SamuelTaylorColeridge柯尔律治:

TheautobiographicalBiographiaLiteraria,themostfamousofhispoemsis“TheRimeofAncientMariner”古舟子咏

12.ThepartlyautobiographicalChildeHarold’sPilgrimage恰尔德·哈罗尔德游记DonJuan唐璜—GeorgeGordon,LordByron拜伦

13.Greatesttwopoems“OdeonaGrecianUrn”希腊古瓮and“OdetoaNightingale”夜莺颂—JohnKeats济慈

14.PercyByssheShelley雪莱

Thefineversesof“OdetotheWestWind”西风颂and“ToaSkylark.”云雀颂

“TheRevoltofIslam”伊斯兰的叛变renamedas“TheRiseofIslam,”伊斯兰的崛起preachesrevolution.

DefenseofPoetryupholdstheplaceofimaginationandloveinthearts.

ThelongpoemAdonaisisabeautifullamentwrittenonthedeathofKeats.

15.Frankenstein弗兰肯斯坦—MaryShelley玛丽·雪莱

16.SirWalterScott司各特

Waverley威弗利,RobRoy罗布·罗伊,TheHeartofMidlothian,米德洛西恩的监狱Ivanhoe艾凡赫

17.JaneAusten简·奥斯丁

SenseandSensibility理智与感情,PrideandPrejudice,傲慢与偏见Emma.爱玛

18.TheBrontesisters—Charlotte夏洛蒂,Emily爱米丽andAnn安妮

CharlotteBronte’sJaneEyre简爱andEmily’sWutheringHeights呼啸山庄

19.CharlesDickens狄更斯

Pickwickpapers,匹克威克外传whichshowedararecomicgift

OliverTwist,雾都孤儿thestoryofanorphanchilddrawnintocrimeintheLondonunderworld

DavidCopperfield,大卫·科波菲尔hisownfavoritebook

GreatExpectation,远大前程whichtracethegrowthofPhilipPipfromaboyofshallowdreamstoamanofdepthandcharacter.

20.RobertLouisStevenson罗伯特·路易斯·斯蒂文森

Historicalromances:

TheadventuresinTreasureIsland金银岛andKidnapped绑架

Shortnovel:

ThestrangeCaseofDoctorJekyllandMr.Hyde吉基尔医生和海德先生

21.ThomasHardy哈代

Better-knownnovelsareTheReturnoftheNative,还乡记TessoftheD’Urbervilles苔丝andJudetheObscure无名的裘德

22.JosephConrad约瑟夫·康拉德mostfamousnovelisTheHeartofDarkness.黑暗的中心ApocalypseNow现代录启示isafilmbasedonthenovel.

23.VirginiaWoolf维吉尼亚·吴尔夫

Hernovelshavebecomeimportanttofeministsforthewaytheyshowwomen’spersonalitiestobelimitedbysociety.

Mrs.Dallowway,戴洛维夫人TotheLighthouse,到灯塔去andOrlando奥兰多areamongherbest-knownbooks.

WoolfalsowroteagreatdealofliterarycriticismandnumerousessaysincludingARoomofOne’sOwn.一间自己的房间

24.D.H.Lawrence劳伦斯Sonsandlovers,儿子们与情人们basedpartlyonhisownlife,isoneofhisfinestnovels.

25.E.M.Forster福斯特Inhismostnotablebook,APassagetoIndia,印度之行ForsterexaminedtherelationshipsbetweenEnglishmenandIndians.描写了英国对印度的殖民统治的偏见与不公正。

InHoward’sEnd霍华德庄园hecontraststheartistic,romanticSchlegelsisterswithforceful,unethicalbusiness-people,theWilcoxes.作者以此暗示商业化的英国社会需要与浪漫的文化艺术相结合。

26.GeorgeOrwell’s1984（writtenin1948）isapowerfulsatireonthetotalitariantendencyinmodernstates.

27.JohnFowles’mostsuccessfulnovel,TheFrenchLieutenant’sWoman（1968）,setinthesmallholidayresortofLymeRegis,describesaVictoriangentleman’seducationintohisownfreedombythemysteriousgirl,Sarah.

28.GrahamGreene格林wrotenovelsofmorallyandreligiouslytroubledexpatriates,sometimesconcernedwithspies.SpyfictioningeneralisoneofthestrongpointsofcontemporaryBritishfiction:

thebestknownisJohnLeCarre.Hisnovels（suchasSmiley’sPeople）havebeenmadeintointernationallydistributedTVserials.

29.WilliamGolding’sLordoftheFiles（1954）wasanimmediatesuccessinEnglandandsoonfoundawideaudienceintheUnitedState,andTheSpire（1964）isaninterestinglaterwork.HeawardedtheNobelPrizeinLiteraturein1983.

下册Unit7AmericanLiterature

1.WashingtonIrving华盛顿·欧文

HisHistoryofNewYork纽约外史issupposedlyandaccountoftheDutchsettlementofManhattanIsland.

InhisaccountsofhishistoryofTheAlhambra,阿尔罕伯拉thefabulouspalaceoftheMoorsinGranada,Spain

HisTouronPrairies草原漫游记showedIrving’sinterestintheliterarypossibilitiesoftheWest.

2.JamesFenimoreCooper费尼莫·库珀

Cooper’snovelTheSpy间谍wasanexcitingstoryofespionageinNewYorkduringtheRevolution,buthedidnotreallyhithisstrideasanauthoruntilheturnedtoThePioneers.拓荒者ThiswasthefirstofthefivegreatromancesknownastheLeatherstockingTales.《皮袜子故事集》（由《拓荒者》《最后的莫希干人》《大草原》《探路人》《杀鹿者》组成）

Cooperwastheforerunnerofallheroicforestscouts,bearhunters,andcowboysoflaterAmericannovelsandfilms.TheLastoftheMohicans,最后的莫希干人ThePathfinder,探路人andTheDeerslayer杀鹿者pursuedNatty（introducedinThePioneersthefabulouswoodsman）’scareerbothforwardandbackwardintime.

3.RalphWaldoEmerson拉尔夫·沃尔多·爱默生

HepublishedastartlingbookcalledNature.论自然Inthisvolume,Emersonclaimedthatbystudyingandrespondingtonatureindividualscouldreachahigherspiritualstatewithoutforformalreligion.Hisworkhadanimmenseimpactonotherpoetsofthetime.

4.HenryDavidThoreau亨利·大卫·梭罗

OneoftheEmerson’smostgiftedfellow-thinker

Thebookhewroteabouthisexperience,Walden,瓦尔登湖manyofitsstatementsabouttheindividual’sroleinsociety—simplyput,thatthedictatesofanindividual’sconscienceshouldtakeprecedenceoverthedemands,eventhelaws,ofsociety—soundradicaleventoday.个人连心的支配应高于社会的要求，甚至法律。

5.EdgarAllanPoe埃德加·爱伦·坡

Hebeganwritingbold,originalshortstories,suchas“TheMasqueofRedDeath”红死病的假面误会and“TheFalloftheHouseofUsher”厄舍尔厦的倒塌in1835.

6.NathanielHawthorne纳撒尼尔·霍桑

HepublishedavolumecalledTwice-ToldTales,重述的故事storiesrichinsymbolismandpeculiarincidents.Hewroteguilt,prideandemotionalrepression.HismasterpiecewasTheScarletLetter,红字anovelaboutthestarkdramaofawomanharshlycostoutfromhercommunityforcommittingthesinofadultery.

7.HermanMelville赫尔曼·梅尔维尔

InspiredbyHawthorne’sexample,hebeganwritingnovelswhichwerefundamentallyallegoriesonpoliticsandreligion.MobyDick,白鲸（莫比·狄克）publishedin1851,usesastoryofawhalingvoyagetoexploreprofoundthemessuchasfate,thenatureofevil,andtheindividual’sstruggleagainsttheuniverse.ItisconsideredanAmericanmasterpiece.

8.WaltWhitman惠特曼

Hepublishedaground-breakingbookcalledLeavesofGrass草叶集in1855.HeventuredbeyondtraditionalformstomeethisneedformorespacetoexpresstheAmericanspirit.OnemainpoeminLeavesofGrassiscalled“SongofMyself”自我之歌.

9.HarrietBeecherStowe

ANewEnglandwomanwroteUncleTom’sCabin汤姆叔叔的小屋in1852,anantislaverynovelthatgalvanizedpoliticalopinionacrossthenation.Itportrayedblackslavesassympathetic,sufferingfiguresandcreatedanimageofthecruelslaveownerinthecharacterofSimonLegree.

10.MarkTwain马克·吐温

HecapturedapeculiarlyAmericansenseofhumor,tellingoutrageousjokesandtalltalesinacalm,innocent,matter-of-factmanner.Hesometimesusedlocaldialectforcomiceffect,butevenhisnormalprosestylesoundeddistinctivelyAmerican—richinmetaphor,newlyinventedwordsanddrawlingrhythms.

Twainhadacynicalstreakthatmatchedthecountry’sskepticalpost-CivilWarmood.Hesoondevelopedbeyondmerely“regional”storiesandturnedtocomicnovels.HisshrewdsocialsatirewasmostapparentinbookssuchasAConnecticutYankeeinKingArthur’sCourt,亚瑟王宫里的康涅狄格州美国人butperhapshisgreatestbookisTheAdventuresofHuckleberryFinn哈克贝利·费恩历险记（1884）,calledthegreatestnovelinAmericanliterature.

11.HenryJames亨利·詹姆斯

HeexaminedAmericansocietybyobservingthedivergencebetweenAmericanandEuropeancultureinnovelslikeTheAmerican一个美国人andPortraitofaLady.女士的画像

Healsowrotethreebrilliantnovels,TheWingsoftheDove,鸽翼TheAmbassadors专使andTheGoldenBowl,金碗inwhichheplungeddeepintothecharactersandpersonalitiesofhissubjects.

12.WilliamDeanHowells

HeledtheAmericanrealisticmovement,bothwithhismagazinecriticismandwithhisownnovels,suchasTheriseofSilasLapham,aprobingbutsympatheticportraitofanAmericanbusinessman.

13.StephenCrane斯蒂芬·克莱恩TheodoreDreiser

Maggie,AGirloftheStreets,街头女郎玛吉in1893,andTheodoreDreiser’sSisterCarrie,嘉莉妹妹1900,wereconsideredshockingbecausetheydescribedyoungurbanwomenwhofellintosexualsin.

Crane’snextnovel,TheRedBadgeofCourag