AmericanCultureMicrosoftWord文档.docx

AmericanCultureMicrosoftWord文档.docx

《AmericanCultureMicrosoftWord文档.docx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《AmericanCultureMicrosoftWord文档.docx（25页珍藏版）》请在冰点文库上搜索。

AmericanCultureMicrosoftWord文档

AmericanGeography（地理）

QuestionsandAnswersontheText

1.HowmanystatesdidtheoriginalUnionconsistofatthetimeofitsIndependence?

Itconsistedofthirteenstates.

2.WherewerethefirstthirteenstatesoftheUnitedStatesmainlylocated?

Theyweremainlyalongtheeasternseaboard.

3.HowmanycontinentalstatesarethereintheUS?

Thereareforty-eightcontinentalstates.

4.WhichstatesaregeographicallyseparatedfromtheAmericancontinent?

HawaiiandAlaska.

5.WhichoceanisHawaiiin?

ItisinthePacificOcean.

6.HowmanytimezonesarethereintheUnitedStates?

Therearefour.

7.Whichwasthe"mothercountry"?

TheUKwasconsideredasthemothercountryoftheoriginalthirteencoloniesinNorthAmerica.

8.HowmanypeopleintheUSareengagedinagricultureandforestry?

Lessthanatenthofthepeopleareengagedinagricultureandforestry.

9.WhydoesManhattanIslandincludeeverythingthatmostpeoplethinkofwhentheysay"NewYork"?

BecausefamousplaceslikeWallStreet,FifthAvenue,Broadway,theEmpireStateBuilding,RockefellerCentre,CentralPark,Harlemandsoonareonthisisland.

10.FromwhichtwostateswastheterritoryofWashington,D.C.taken?

FromthestatesofMarylandandVirginia.

11.WhomisWashington,D.C.namedafter?

ItisnamedafterGeorgeWashingtonandChristopherColumbus.

12.Whichmountainsareonthewestofthecentralplainarea?

TheRockyMountains.

13.WhichcityisthehomeofFord,GeneralMotorsandChrysler?

Detroit,Michigan.

14.Whichstateisthelargestintermsofarea?

Alaska.

15.Whichstatewasfamousforcowboysandcattleandisfamousfortherapiddevelopmentofoilandindustry?

Texas.

16.WhereisHollywoodlocated?

ItislocatedinCalifornia.

17.HowmanymajorpartsistheUnitedStatescontinentdividedinto?

Itisdividedintosixmajorparts:

NewEngland,theMid-Atlanticarea,theSouth,theMid-West,theGreatPlainsstates,andtheWesternandthePacificcoaststates.

Explanations

1.ThegeographicalcharacteristicsoftheUnitedStates

（1）Vastarea:

TheUnitedStatesisbiggerinareathanthewholeofEurope,spreadingfromthePacificcoasttotheAtlanticcoast.

（2）Diversityoflandfeatures:

TheUnitedStatescomprehendslandfeatureslikeforest,desert,swamp,mountains,plainsandoneoftheworld'slargestriversystems.

2.NewEngland

（1）NewEnglandreferstothenorth-easternsixstates:

Maine,NewHampshire,Vermont,Connecticut,MassachusettsandRhodeIsland,anarearunningfromtheCanadianshoretoNewYork.

（2）ThisarearesemblesoldEnglandinmanyways.（3）SomeoftheearliestsettlementinAmericanhistorywasinthisarea.（4）Ingeneral,thispartofthecountryissmall-scale,long-establishedandurban.

3.NewYorkCity

（1）ItisthecommercialcapitaloftheUnitedStates.

（2）ItisatthesouthernmosttipoftheNewYorkState.（3）Itiscomposedoffiveboroughs:

Manhattan,Brooklyn,theBronx,RichmondandQueen's,withManhattanIslandasitscenter.（4）Itiswell-knownforsuchplacesasWallStreet,theEmpireStateBuilding,HarlemandCentralPark.

4.ManhattanIsland

（1）Itisatsouth-eastpartofNewYorkCity.

（2）ItisthecentreoftheCityandincludesthingsthatarefamoustotheworld:

WallStreet,FifthAvenue,Broadway,theEmpireStateBuilding,RockefellerCentre,theUnitedNationsBuilding,CentralPark,Harlemandmon.

5.thesearchfortheCaliforniadream

（1）Californiaisblessedwithattractivesceneryandmildclimate.

（2）Ithasthefertilelandforthegrowingoforangesandgrapes.（3）Andmoreimportantstillaretheelectronicsindustry,aeroplanefactories,defenceplantsofmanykinds,andawholenewindustrialcomplexinthisarea.（4）Therefore,Californiaisregardedasthepromisedlandbymanypeopletofulfilltheirgoals.

6.Hollywood

（1）Hollywood,aplacefamousforitsfilmindustry,isinCalifornia.

（2）ItisanimportantinstitutionforconveyingimagesandmythsaboutAmericatoeverycorneroftheworld.

AmericanHistory（历史）

QuestionsandAnswersontheText

1.Accordingtotheauthor,whofirstsailedtoNorthAmerica?

Aroundtheyear1000,agroupofIcelandicVikingsunderLeifEricsonfirstlandedonNorthAmerica.

2.WhatledtoColumbus'discoveryofAmerica?

Theneedforincreasedtradeandanerrorinnavigation.

3.WhowasChristopherColumbus?

HewasamarinerfromItalywhovoyagedtoNorthAmerica.

4.WhendidColumbussetsail?

In1492.

5.WhofinancedColumbus'voyage?

ThekingandqueenofSpain.

6.WheredidColumbusaimtoreachandwheredidheactuallyreach?

HeaimedtoreachtheFarEastbutlandedononeoftheBahamaIslandsintheCaribbeanSea.

7.WhereandwhenwasthefirstEnglishcolonyfounded?

AtJamestown,Virginia,in1607.

8.WhofinancedthisfirstEnglishsettlement?

ALondoncompanywhichexpectedtomakeaprofitfromthesettlement.

9.WhoestablishedseveralsettlementsinNewEngland?

EnglishPuritans.

10.WhendidthePilgrimscrosstheAtlanticintheshipMayflower?

In1620

11.WheredidthesePilgrimssettle?

TheysettledatPlymouth,Massachusetts.

12.Whoappointedmanyofthecolonialgovernors?

TheEnglishking.

13.WhenandwheredidtheFirstContinentalCongressmeet?

InSeptember1774,Philadelphia.

14.WhenandwheredidthefirstshotoftheAmericanWarofIndependencefire?

OnApril19,1775,atthevillageofLexington.

15.WhodraftedtheDeclarationofIndependence?

ThomasJeffersonofVirginia.

16.WhowastheBritishkingwhencolonialAmericansdeclaredtheirindependence?

KingGeorgeⅢ.

17.WhichforeignpowerwasonthesideofAmericancolonistsduringtheWarofIndependence?

France.

18.BeforetheacceptanceoftheConstitution,whatgovernedthe15states?

TheArticlesofConfederation.

19.WhenwastheConstitutionaccepted?

In1788.

20.WhowasthefirstpresidentoftheUnitedStates?

GeorgeWashington.

21.WhospokeagainsttheoperationoftheAlienandSeditionActs?

VirginialawyerandauthoroftheDeclarationofIndependence,ThomasJefferson.

22.HowdidThomasJeffersongetLouisianaterritory?

HeboughtitfromFrancefor$15million.

23.InwhichcasedidChiefJusticeJohnMarshallaffirmtheSupremeCourt'sauthorityininterpretingtheConstitution?

Inthe1803caseofMarburyV.Madison.

24.AfterLincolnwontheelection,whichstatefirstvotedtoleavetheUnion?

SouthCarolina.

25.WhatdidLincolnissueonJanuary1,1863?

HeissuedtheEmancipationProclamation.

26.WhenwasslaverylegallyabolishedintheUnitedStates?

Itwaslegallyabolishedbythe13thAmendmenttotheConstitutionin1865.

27.Accordingtotheauthor,whatwerethetwogoalsoftheAmericanCivilWar?

ThefirstwastoassuretheintegrityoftheUnitedStatesasanindivisiblenation;andthesecondwastoabolishthesystemofslavery.

28.WhowastheowneroftheStandardOilCompany?

JohnD.Rockefeller.

29.WhowasAndrewCarnegie?

HehadbeenapoorScottishimmigranttoAmericabutlaterbuiltavastempireofsteelmillsandironmines.

30.WhatwasLouisSullivan'scontributiontothecitiesoftheworld?

Hedevelopedtheskyscraper.

31.Whostartedthe"NewFreedom"programinearly20thcentury?

PresidentWoodrowWilson.

32.WhowasAttorneyGeneralatthetimeofthe"RedScare"inAmericanhistory?

A.MitchellPalmer.

33.Whatwasthe"HarlemRenaissance"inAmericanhistory?

Itwasafloweringofblackliteratureinthe1920s.

34.Whohadintroducedtheassemblylineintoautomobileproductioninthe1920s?

HenryFord.

35.WhendidAmericansconfronttheworsteconomiccrisisofmoderntimes?

From1929toearly1930s.

36.Whatwere"firesidechats"?

TheywereaseriesoffriendlyradiobroadcastsinwhichPresidentRooseveltsittingatthefireside,explainedhispoliciestothepublic.

37.Accordingtotheauthor,whatfinallybroughtfullrecoverytoUSeconomyinthe1930s?

ItwasthedefensebuilduppriortoAmerica'senteringtheSecondWorldWar.

Explanations

1.ChristopherColumbus

（1）Hewasa15th-centurymarinerfromItalywhobelievedthathecouldreachtheFarEastbysailingwestfromEurope.

（2）In1492,hepersuadedthekingandqueenofSpaintofinancehisvoyagetotheEast.（3）InsteadofreachingAsia,helandedononeoftheBahamaIslandsintheCaribbeanSeaandexploredmostoftheCaribbeanarea.（4）Afterhisdiscovery,EuropeansbegantoexploreandcolonizetheNewWorld.

2.thePilgrims

（1）InEngland,therehadbeenagroupofpeoplecalledPuritanswhohadbrokenawayfromtheChurchofEnglandandformedtheirownchurches.LatertheyfledtoHollandtoescapethepersecutionintheirnativeland.

（2）Severalyearspassedwhentheywereagainthreatenedbyreligioussuppression,theythoughtofmoving,andthistimetoAmerica.（3）TheybegantocallthemselvesPilgrimsbecauseoftheirwanderingsinsearchofreligiousfreedom.（4）In1620,theycrossedtheAtlanticintheshipMayflowerandsettledatPlymouth,Massachusetts.

3.theAmericanWarofIndependence

（1）AfterBritishparliamentpassedtheIntolerableActs,tensionswereagaincreatedbetweencolonistsandBritishgovernment.

（2）OnApril19,1775,thefirstshotwasfiredatLexingtonandtheAmericanWarofIndependencebegan.（3）InMay1775,theSecondContinentalCongressmetinPhiladelphiaandbegantoassumethefunctionsofanationalgovernment.ItfoundedaContinentalArmyandNavyunderthecommandofGeorgeWashingtonanddeclaredindependenceonJuly4,1776.（4）In1781,BritishGeneralCornwallissurrenderedatYork-town,VirginiaandsoonBritishgovernmentaskedforpeace.（5）TheTreatyofParis,sig